March 11
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(Redirected from 11 March)
March 11 is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 295 days remaining until the end of the year.
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Events [change]
- 222 - Roman Emperor Elagabalus and his mother, Julia Soaemias are murdered by the Praetorian Guard.
- 1513 – Leo X is elected Pope.
- 1649 – The Frondeurs (rebels) and the French government sign the Peace of Rueil.
- 1702 – The first regular English-language newspaper, The Daily Courant, is published in London.
- 1708 – Queen Anne withholds Royal Assent from a militia Bill, the last time a British monarch vetoes legislation.
- 1770 - James Cook reaches the Solander Islands off southern New Zealand.
- 1824 – The United States War Department creates the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
- 1845 – The Flagstaff War: In New Zealand, Chiefs Hone Heke and Kawiti lead 700 Maoris to chop down the British flagpole and drive settlers out of the British colonial settlement of Kororareka because of breaches of the 1840 Treaty of Waitangi.
- 1851 - The opera Rigoletto by Giuseppe Verdi is performed for the first time, in Venice.
- 1861 – American Civil War: The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.
- 1864 – The Great Sheffield Flood: The largest man-made disaster ever to befall England kills over 250 people in Sheffield.
- 1867 - The opera Don Carlos by Giuseppe Verdi is performed for the first time, in Paris.
- 1872 - Meiji Japan officially annexes the Ryukyu Kingdom into what would become the Okinawa Prefecture.
- 1888 – The Great Blizzard of '88 begins along the eastern seaboard of the United States, shutting down commerce and killing more than 400.
- 1897 – A meteorite enters the earth's atmosphere and explodes over New Martinsville, West Virginia. The debris causes damage but no human injuries are reported.
- 1900 – Boer War: Boer leader Paul Kruger's peace overtures are rejected by Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Lord Salisbury.
- 1917 – Baghdad falls to the Anglo-Indian forces commanded by General Maude.
- 1927 – In New York City, Samuel Roxy Rothafel opens the Roxy Theatre.
- 1936 – British Prime Minister pardons five convicted Irish militants who promise to join growing conflict with Germany.
- 1941 – World War II: President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease Act into law, allowing American-built war supplies to be shipped to the Allies on loan.
- 1942 – World War II: General Douglas MacArthur abandons Corregidor.
- 1945 - The Empire of Vietnam, a brief puppet state, led by Bao Dai, is declared.
- 1951 - The first Asian Games end in New Delhi.
- 1959 – In Cannes, France, Teddy Scholten wins the fourth Eurovision Song Contest for the Netherlands singing "Een beetje" (A little bit).
- 1966 – President Sukarno of Indonesia was forced to give up his executive power.
- 1966 – A fire at two ski resorts in Numata, Japan kills 31 people.
- 1977 – 130+ hostages held in Washington, D.C., by Hanafi Muslims were set free after ambassadors from three Islamic nations joined negotiations.
- 1978 – Nine Palestinian Al Fatah guerillas hijack a bus in Israel, killing 34 civilians and wounding 70 before being killed by security forces. The Israelis retaliate by invading southern Lebanon three days later, under codename Operation Litani.
- 1983 – Bob Hawke becomes 23rd Prime Minister of Australia.
- 1985 – Mikhail Gorbachev becomes Soviet leader.
- 1988 – Iran-Iraq War: Cease Fire declared.
- 1989 – The television show COPS premieres.
- 1990 – Lithuania declares itself independent from the Soviet Union.
- 1990 – Patricio Aylwin is sworn-in as the first democratically elected Chilean president since 1970.
- 1991 – A curfew is imposed on black townships in South Africa after fighting between rival political gangs kills 49.
- 1993 – Janet Reno is confirmed by the United States Senate and sworn-in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.
- 1996 – John Howard comes to power as the twenty-fifth Prime Minister of Australia.
- 1997 – An explosion at a nuclear waste reprocessing plant in Japan exposes 35 workers to low-level radioactive contamination in the worst nuclear accident in Japan's history.
- 1999 – Infosys becomes the first Indian company listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
- 2003 – The International Criminal Court is founded in The Hague.
- 2004 – Simultaneous explosions on rush hour trains in Madrid kill 191 people.
- 2005 – Judge Rowland Barnes, court reporter Julie Brandau and deputy Hoyt Teasley are all murdered in the Fulton County Courthouse in Atlanta, Georgia; the main suspect being Brian Nichols who surrendered to police on the 12th.
- 2006 – Former Yugoslavian President Slobodan Milosevic dies while on trial for war crimes in The Hague.
- 2006 – Michelle Bachelet becomes the first female President of Chile.
- 2009 – 17 people are killed in a shooting in Winnenden, Germany.
- 2011 – 2011 Sendai earthquake and tsunami: A powerful magnitude 9.1 earthquake strikes off the east coast of Honshu, Japan, killing more than 5,000 people and leaving many more missing, destroying buildings, as tsunamis are triggered. The quake also leads to a nuclear accident, the Fukushima nuclear disaster, causing concern about radiation levels.
Births [change]
- 1544 – Torquato Tasso, Italian poet (d. 1495)
- 1683 - Caroline of Ansbach (d. 1737)
- 1726 – Vasily Chichagov, Russian admiral and polar explorer (d. 1809)
- 1738 - Benjamin Tupper, American Continental Army officer (d. 1792)
- 1745 – Bodawpaya, King of Burma (d. 1819)
- 1787 – Ivan Nabokov, Russian general (d. 1852)
- 1811 – Urbain Le Verrier, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1877)
- 1818 - Marius Petipa, French-Russian ballet dancer, choreographer and teacher (d. 1910)
- 1819 – Henry Tate, British sugar merchant and philanthropist (d. 1899)
- 1822 - Joseph Louis Francois Bertrand, French mathematician (d. 1900)
- 1838 – Okuma Shigenobu, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1922)
- 1847 – Sidney Sonnino, Italian politician (d. 1922)
- 1868 – Matti Kekki, Finnish politician (d. 1933)
- 1876 - Carl Ruggles, American composer (d. 1971)
- 1878 - Umegatani Totaro II, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1927)
- 1884 - Lewi Pethrus, Swedish politician (d. 1974)
- 1885 – Malcolm Campbell, English racing driver (d. 1948)
- 1887 – Raoul Walsh, American director (d. 1980)
- 1890 – Vannevar Bush, American engineer and politician (d. 1974)
- 1891 – Gertrud Wolle, German actress (d. 1952)
- 1894 – Otto Grotewohl, German politician (d. 1964)
- 1895 - Shemp Howard, American comedian (d. 1955)
- 1897 - Henry Cowell, American composer and impresario (d. 1965)
- 1898 – Dorothy Gish, American actress (d. 1968)
- 1899 – King Frederick IX of Denmark (d. 1972)
- 1903 – Ronald Syme, New Zealand historian (d. 1989)
- 1903 – Lawrence Welk, American musician (d. 1992)
- 1910 - Robert Havemann, German chemist (d. 1982)
- 1910 – Jacinta Marto, Portuguese religious figure (d. 1920)
- 1912 – Paul Janes, German footballer (d. 1987)
- 1915 – Vijay Hazare, Indian cricketer (d. 2004)
- 1915 - Hans Peter Keller, German writer (d. 1988)
- 1916 – Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
- 1920 - Nicolaas Bloembergen, Dutch physicist
- 1920 – Kenneth Dover, British classicist (d. 2010)
- 1922 – Tun Abdul Razak, Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. 1976)
- 1923 – Agatha Barbara, Maltese politician (d. 2002)
- 1923 - Louise Brough, American tennis player
- 1926 – Ralph Abernathy, American Civil Rights campaigner (d. 1990)
- 1927 - Robert Mosbacher, American politician (d. 2010)
- 1927 – Joachim Fuchsberger, German actor and entertainer
- 1928 - Albert Salmi, American actor (d. 1990)
- 1929 - Timothy Carey, American actor (d. 1994)
- 1931 – Janosch, Silesian writer and illustrator
- 1931 – Rupert Murdoch, Australian-American media tycoon
- 1932 – Nigel Lawson, British politician
- 1932 – Leroy Jenkins, American composer (d. 2007)
- 1933 – Jesus Gil y Gil, Spanish politician and businessman (d. 2004)
- 1933 - Sandra Milo, Italian actress
- 1936 - Harald zur Hausen, German physician and Nobel Prize winner
- 1936 – Antonin Scalia, American Supreme Court Justice
- 1942 - Joel Steiger, American writer and producer
- 1945 - Harvey Mandel, American musician
- 1945 - Tricia O'Neil, American actress
- 1946 - Mark Metcalf, American actor
- 1948 - Roy Barnes, American politician, 80th Governor of Georgia
- 1950 – Jerry Zucker, American director and screenwriter
- 1952 – Douglas Adams, English writer (d. 2001)
- 1954 - Gale Norton, American politician
- 1955 – Nina Hagen, German singer
- 1956 - Curtis Brown, American astronaut
- 1956 - Rob Paulsen, American actor
- 1958 - Eddie Lawson, American motorcycle racer
- 1958 - Tetsuro Oda, Japanese singer, songwriter and record producer
- 1958 – Anissa Jones, American actress (d. 1976)
- 1959 - Manuel Negrete Arias, Mexican footballer
- 1959 - Dejan Stojanovic, Serbian-American writer
- 1962 - Matt Mead, 32nd Governor of Wyoming
- 1962 - Peter Berg, American actor, film director, producer and writer
- 1963 - Alex Kingston, British actress
- 1963 – David LaChapelle, American photographer and director
- 1964 - Emma Chambers, British actress
- 1964 – Leena Lehtolainen, Finnish writer
- 1964 – Vinnie Paul, American guitarist
- 1965 – Nigel Adkins, English football manager
- 1965 – Jesse Jackson, Jr., American politician
- 1967 – John Barrowman, Scottish-American actor
- 1968 – Lisa Loeb, American singer-songwriter
- 1969 - Soraya, Colombian-American musician (d. 2006)
- 1969 - Terrence Howard, American actor
- 1971 - Johnny Knoxville, American comedian
- 1971 - Martin Rucinsky, Czech ice hockey player
- 1973 – Martin Hiden, Austrian footballer
- 1974 - Bobby Abreu, Venezuelan baseball player
- 1976 – Thomas Gravesen, Danish footballer
- 1978 – Didier Drogba, Ivorian footballer
- 1978 – Albert Luque, Spanish footballer
- 1979 – Benji Madden, American singer (Good Charlotte)
- 1979 – Joel Madden, American guitarist (Good Charlotte)
- 1979 - Elton Brand, American basketball player
- 1980 – Paul Scharner, Austrian footballer
- 1981 - Luke Johnson, British musician
- 1981 - Russell Lissack, British musician (Bloc Party)
- 1981 – LeToya Luckett, American singer
- 1982 – Thora Birch, American actress
- 1984 – Anna Tsuchiya, Japanese model, actress and singer
- 1986 - Mariko Shinoda, Japanese singer and actress (AKB48)
- 1988 - Fabio Coentrao, Portuguese footballer
- 1991 – Lin Lin, Chinese-born Japanese singer
- 1991 – Jack Rodwell, English footballer
Deaths [change]
- 1425 BC – Thutmose III, Egyptian Pharaoh
- 222 – Elagabalus, Roman Emperor
- 222 – Julia Soaemias, mother of Elagabalus (b. 180)
- 859 - Eulogius of Cordoba, Spanish martyr
- 928 - Tomislav of Croatia
- 1486 - Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg (b. 1414)
- 1514 – Donato Bramante, Italian architect (b. 1444)
- 1759 - John Forbes, English general (b. 1710)
- 1801 – Tsar Paul I of Russia (b. 1754)
- 1820 - Benjamin West, English-American painter (b. 1738)
- 1847 – Johnny Appleseed, American pioneer agronomist (b. 1774)
- 1851 - George McDuffie, 55th Governor of South Carolina (b. 1790)
- 1869 - Vladimir Oboevsky, Russian philosopher (b. 1803)
- 1870 – Moshoeshoe I of Lesotho
- 1874 – Charles Sumner, American politician (b. 1811)
- 1908 – Benjamin Waugh, American activist (b. 1811)
- 1931 – Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau, German film director (b. 1888)
- 1933 – Matti Kekki, Finnish politician (b. 1868)
- 1949 - Anastasios Charalambis, Greek politician (b. 1862)
- 1952 – Pierre Renoir, French actor and director (b. 1885)
- 1955 – Alexander Fleming, Scottish scientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1881)
- 1957 – Richard E. Byrd, American naval officer and explorer (b. 1888)
- 1958 – Ole Kirk Christiansen, Danish inventor (Lego) (b. 1891)
- 1969 – John Wyndham, English author (b. 1903)
- 1971 – Philo T. Farnsworth, American inventor (b. 1906)
- 1978 - Sofia Vembo, Greek singer and actress (b. 1910)
- 1982 - Horace Gregory, American poet (b. 1898)
- 1985 - Tom Adams, Prime Minister of Barbados (b. 1931)
- 1989 - John J. McCloy, American lawyer and banker (b. 1895)
- 1992 - Richard Brooks, American film director (b. 1912)
- 1995 - Myfanwy Talog, Welsh actress (b. 1945)
- 2002 – Rudolf Hell, German inventor (b. 1901)
- 2002 – James Tobin, American economist, Nobel laureate (b. 1918)
- 2006 – Slobodan Milošević, President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia (b. 1941)
- 2007 – Betty Hutton, American actress (b. 1921)
- 2011 – Hugh Martin, American songwriter (b. 1914)
Observances [change]
- Re-establishment of Independence (Lithuania)
- Moshoeshoe Day (Lesotho)
- Johnny Appleseed Day (United States)
