February 13
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
February 13 is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 321 days remaining until the end of the year (322 in leap years).
Events [change]
- 1462 - The Treaty of Westminster is finalized between Edward IV of England and the Scottish Lord of the Isles.
- 1503 - Disfida di Barletta: A tournament between 13 Italian and 13 French knights takes place near Barletta.
- 1542 – Catherine Howard, fifth wife of King Henry VIII of England, is executed for adultery.
- 1575 - Henry III of France is crowned King.
- 1633 – Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the inquisition.
- 1660 - Charles XI of Sweden becomes King at the age of 4 years, meaning that a regent rules Sweden until 1672.
- 1668 - Spain recognizes Portugal as an independent country.
- 1689 - William III and Mary II are crowned King and Queen of England, Ireland and Scotland.
- 1692 – At least thirty members of the MacDonald Clan are massacred in Glencoe, Scotland.
- 1739 - Battle of Karnal: The army of Persian ruler Nadir Shah defeats the forces of Mughal Emperor of India, Muhammad Shah.
- 1857 - British passenger steamer Tempest disappears in the North Atlantic Ocean after leaving New York City, with 150 people on board.
- 1858 - Searching for the source of the Nile, Richard Francis Burton and John Hanning Speke become the first Europeans to reach Lake Tanganyika.
- 1861 - Francis II of the Two Sicilies surrenders at Gaeta to the army of Victor Emmanuel II of Savoy.
- 1880 - Thomas Edison observes the Edison effect.
- 1918 - A magnitude 7.3 earthquake strikes Guangdong province, China.
- 1931 – New Delhi becomes the capital city of India.
- 1934 - Soviet steamship Cheliuskin sinks in the Arctic Ocean.
- 1935 - Bruno Hauptmann is found guilty of kidnapping and murdering the infant son of Charles Lindbergh.
- 1944 - Norwegian passenger ship Irma is torpedoed near Kristiansund, killimg 61 people. It is revealed after the Second World War that it was a torpedo from the Norwegian Navy that hit the ship.
- 1945 – The Royal Air Force bombs the German city of Dresden in World War II.
- 1945 - World War II: The Siege of Budapest ends with the unconditional surrender of the German and Hungarian armies to the Red Army.
- 1951 - Korean War: The Battle of Chipyong-ni begins.
- 1955 – Israel gains four of the seven Dead Sea Scrolls.
- 1960 - France becomes the fourth country to own nuclear weapons.
- 1961 - A 500,000-year-old rock is discovered near Olancha, California.
- 1971 - South Vietnamese troops invade Laos, with American support.
- 1978 - A bomb explodes outside the Hilton Hotel in Sydney, Australia, killing 2 refuse collectors and a police officer.
- 1980 - The 1980 Winter Olympics begin in Lake Placid, New York.
- 1984 – Konstantin Chernenko becomes General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
- 1988 – The Winter Olympic Games open in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
- 1990 - Agreement is reached on a two-stage plan to re-unite Germany.
- 1991 – US bombers hit Baghdad in the Gulf War.
- 2000 – The last Peanuts comic strip is printed in newspapers, a day after the death of Charles Schulz.
- 2001 – A magnitude 6.6 earthquake hits El Salvador, killing at least 400 people.
- 2004 - The Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics announces the discovery of the Universe's largest-known diamond, white dwarf.
- 2007 - Taiwan's Opposition leader Ma Ying-jeou resigns as Chairman of the Kuomintang Party.
- 2008 – Prime Minister of Australia Kevin Rudd makes a historic apology to Indigenous Australians and the Stolen Generations.
- 2010 - A bomb attack in Pune, Maharashtra, India, kills 17 people.
- 2011 – After the removal of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, the army suspends the constitution, and announces that it will remain in power until elections later in the year.
- 2012 - The European Space Agency's Vega rocket is launched from French Guiana.
Births [change]
- 1457 - Mary of Burgundy, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1482)
- 1480 - Girolamo Aleandro, Italian cardinal (d. 1542)
- 1599 - Pope Alexander VII (d. 1667)
- 1683 – Giovanni Battista Piazzetta, Italian painter (d. 1754)
- 1728 - John Hunter, Scottish anatomist (d. 1793)
- 1805 – Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, German mathematician (d. 1859)
- 1831 - John Aaron Rawlins, 29th United States Secretary of War (d. 1869)
- 1834 - Heinrich Caro, German chemist (d. 1910)
- 1835 - Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, Islamic religious leader (d. 1908)
- 1849 – Lord Randolph Churchill, British politician, father of Winston Churchill (d. 1895)
- 1849 - Friedrich Wilhelm Voigt, German impostor, Captain of Koepenick (d. 1922)
- 1855 – Paul Deschanel, President of France (d. 1922)
- 1866 - Lev Shestov, Russian philosopher (d. 1938)
- 1870 - Leopold Godowsky, Polish-American pianist and composer (d. 1938)
- 1876 - Fritz Buelow, German-American baseball player (d. 1933)
- 1879 - Sarojini Naidu, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1949)
- 1880 - Dimitrie Gusti, Romanian sociologist, ethnologist, historian and philosopher (d. 1955)
- 1883 - Hal Chase, American baseball player (d. 1947)
- 1884 - Alfred Carlton Gilbert, American athlete, inventor and businessman (d. 1961)
- 1885 – Bess Truman, First Lady of the United States (d. 1982)
- 1888 – Georgios Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1968)
- 1891 – Grant Wood, American painter (d. 1942)
- 1892 - Robert H. Jackson, 57th United States Attorney General (d. 1954)
- 1903 - Georgy Beriev, Russian aircraft designer (d. 1979)
- 1903 – Georges Simenon, Belgian writer (d. 1989)
- 1906 - Agostinho da Silva, Portuguese philosopher (d. 1994)
- 1910 – William Shockley, British-American physicist (d. 1989)
- 1911 - Faiz Ahmed Faiz, Pakistani Urdu poet (d. 1984)
- 1911 - Jean Muir, American actress (d. 1996)
- 1913 - Khalid bin Abdul-Aziz, King of Saudi Arabia (d. 1982)
- 1915 – Aung San, Burmese revolutionary, nationalist, general, and politician (d. 1947)
- 1915 - lyle Bettger, American actor (d. 2003)
- 1916 – John Reed, British singer of Gilbert and Sullivan (d. 2010)
- 1918 - Patty Berg, American golfer (d. 2006)
- 1919 - Tennessee Ernie Ford, American musician (d. 1991)
- 1919 - Eddie Robinson, American football coach (d. 2007)
- 1921 - Jeanne Demessieux, French organist, pianist and composer (d. 1968)
- 1922 - Francis Pym, British politician
- 1923 – Chuck Yeager, American pilot
- 1923 - Michael A. Bilandic, Mayor of Chicago (d. 2002)
- 1929 – Omar Torrijos, President of Panama (d. 1981)
- 1933 – Paul Biya, President of Cameroon
- 1933 – Kim Novak, American actress
- 1933 - Peter L. Pond, American activist and philanthropist (d. 2000)
- 1934 - George Segal, American actor
- 1937 - Rupiah Banda, former President of Zambia
- 1937 - Sigmund Jaehn, German cosmonaut
- 1938 – Oliver Reed, English actor (d. 1999)
- 1939 - Valery Rozhdestvensky, Soviet-Russian cosmonaut (d. 2011)
- 1939 - Beate Klarsfeld, German activist
- 1941 – Sigmar Polke, German painter (d. 2010)
- 1942 - Katsuaki Watanabe, CEO of Toyota
- 1942 – Peter Tork, American musician (Member of The Monkees)
- 1942 - Carol Lynley, American actress
- 1944 – Jerry Springer, American television host
- 1944 – Stockard Channing, American actress
- 1944 - Bo Svenson, American actor
- 1945 - King Floyd, American musician (d. 2006)
- 1945 - Simon Schama, British historian
- 1946 – Artur Jorge, Portuguese football coach
- 1947 – Mike Krzyzewski, American basketball coach
- 1950 – Peter Gabriel, English musician
- 1950 - Bob Daisley, Australian musician
- 1952 - Freddy Maertens, Belgian cyclist
- 1956 - Liam Brady, Irish footballer
- 1956 - Peter Hook, English musician
- 1956 - Princess Alia bint Al Hussein of Jordan
- 1958 - Pernilla August, Swedish actress
- 1959 - Gaston Gingras, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1960 – Pierluigi Collina, Italian football referee
- 1960 - Pia Sundhage, Swedish soccer player and coach
- 1960 - Artur Yusupov, Russian-German chess player
- 1961 - Marc Crawford, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1961 - Richard Tyson, American actor
- 1962 - Anibal Acevedo Vila, former Governor of Puerto Rico
- 1962 - Hugh Dennis, English actor and comedian
- 1968 - Daisuke Ikeda, Japanese professional wrestler
- 1968 – Niamh Kavanagh, Irish singer
- 1969 - Joyce DiDonato, American mezzo-soprano
- 1971 – Mats Sundin, Swedish ice hockey player
- 1971 - Todd Williams, American baseball player
- 1974 – Robbie Williams, English singer
- 1975 – Ben Collins, English racing driver
- 1975 - Tony Dalton, American-born actor
- 1979 – Rafael Marquez, Mexican footballer
- 1979 – Mena Suvari, American actress
- 1979 - Anders Behring Breivik, Norwegian mass murderer (2011 Norway attacks)
- 1980 – Sebastian Kehl, German footballer
- 1981 - Sam Burley, American athlete
- 1985 - Hedwiges Maduro, Dutch footballer
- 1985 – Alexandros Tziolis, Greek footballer
- 1986 – Jamie Murray, Scottish tennis player
- 1987 – Eljero Elia, Dutch footballer
- 1988 - Aston Merrygold, British singer (JLS)
- 1990 - Gyaincain Norbu, 11th Panchen Lama
- 1995 - Ayame Koike, Japanese actress
Deaths [change]
- 858 – Kenneth I of Scotland
- 1130 - Pope Honorius II
- 1141 - Bela II of Hungary (b. 1110)
- 1199 - Stefan Nemanja, Serbian Grand Prince (b. 1113)
- 1219 - Minamoto no Sanetomo, Japanese shogun (b. 1192)
- 1332 - Andronik II Palaiologus, Emperor of the Byzantine Empire (b. 1250)
- 1539 - Isabella d'Este, Italian Renaissance figure (b. 1474)
- 1542 – Catherine Howard, fifth wife of Henry VIII of England (b. 1521)
- 1571 – Benvenuto Cellini, Italian artist (b. 1500)
- 1600 - Gian Paolo Lomazzo, Italian painter (b. 1538)
- 1608 - Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski, Lithuanian Prince (b. 1526)
- 1660 – Charles X, King of Sweden (b. 1622)
- 1662 – Elizabeth of Bohemia (b. 1596)
- 1728 - Cotton Mather, American Puritan minister (b. 1663)
- 1787 - Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes, French statesman and diplomat (b. 1717)
- 1813 - Samuel Ashe, Governor of North Carolina (b. 1725)
- 1837 - Mariano Jose de Larra, Spanish journalist and writer (b. 1809)
- 1883 – Richard Wagner, German composer (b. 1813)
- 1889 - Joao Mauricio Wanderley, Brazilian magistrate and politician (b. 1815)
- 1905 - Konstantin Savitsky, Russian painter (b. 1844)
- 1906 - Albert Gottschalk, Danish painter (b. 1866)
- 1909 - Hugo Egmont Horring, Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1842)
- 1916 - Carlos Antonio Mendoza, 3rd President of Panama (b. 1856)
- 1934 - Jozsef Pusztai, Slovenian-Hungarian writer (b. 1864)
- 1942 - Epitacio Pessoa, President of Brazil (b. 1865)
- 1954 - Agnes MacPhail, Canadian politician (b. 1890)
- 1956 - Jan Lukasiewicz, Polish mathematician (b. 1878)
- 1958 – Dame Christabel Pankhurst, British suffragette (b. 1880)
- 1958 - Georges Rouault, French painter (b. 1871)
- 1964 – Werner Heyde, German psychiatrist (b. 1902)
- 1968 - Mae Marsh, American actress (b. 1895)
- 1974 - Ustad Amir Khan, Indian classical singer (b. 1912)
- 1975 - Andre Beaufre, French general (b. 1902)
- 1976 - Murtala Mohammed, Nigerian military leader (b. 1938)
- 1980 – Marian Rejewski, Polish mathematician (b. 1905)
- 1982 - Zeng Jinlian, tallest woman ever (b. 1964)
- 1991 - Arno Breker, German sculptor (b. 1900)
- 1992 – Nikolay Bogolyubov, Russian mathematician (b. 1909)
- 2002 – Waylon Jennings, American musician (b. 1937)
- 2005 – Maurice Trintignant, French racing driver (b. 1917)
- 2006 – Peter Frederick Strawson, British philosopher (b. 1919)
- 2007 - Johanna Sallstrom, Swedish actress (b. 1974)
- 2008 – Kon Ichikawa, Japanese film director and producer (b. 1915)
- 2008 – Henri Salvador, French singer and guitarist (b. 1917)
- 2010 – John Reed, British singer of Gilbert and Sullivan (b. 1916)
- 2011 – Inese Jaunzeme, Latvian javelin thrower (b. 1932)
