February 18
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 316 days remaining until the end of the year (317 in leap years).
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Births [change]
- 1374 – Saint Jadwiga of Poland, Queen of Poland (d. 1399)
- 1404 – Leon Battista Alberti, Italian painter and philosopher (d. 1472)
- 1516 – Queen Mary I of England (d. 1558)
- 1543 - Charles III, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1608)
- 1609 - Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, English statesman and historian (d. 1674)
- 1632 - Giovanni Battista Vitali, Italian composer and violinist (d. 1692)
- 1635 - Johan Goransson Gyllenstierna, Swedish statesman (d. 1680)
- 1642 - Marie Champnesle, French actress (d. 1698)
- 1732 – Johann Christian Kittel, German organist, composer and teacher (d. 1809)
- 1745 – Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist (d. 1827)
- 1817 – Lewis A. Armistead, American Confederate General (d. 1863)
- 1818 – Pedro Figueredo, Cuban poet, musician and revolutionary (d. 1870)
- 1836 - Sri Ramakrishna, Indian Bengali Guru (d. 1886)
- 1838 – Ernst Mach, Austrian physicist (d. 1916)
- 1846 – Wilson Barrett, English playwright (d. 1904)
- 1848 – Louis Comfort Tiffany, American glass artist (d. 1933)
- 1849 – Alexander Kielland, Norwegian author (d. 1906)
- 1850 - George Henschel, German-British baritone, conductor and composer (d. 1934)
- 1854 - Herbert Gladstone, British politician (d. 1930)
- 1857 - Max Klinger, German sculptor and painter (d. 1920)
- 1858 – Princess Louise Marie of Belgium (d. 1924)
- 1860 – Anders Zorn, Swedish painter (d. 1920)
- 1878 - Harriet Bosse, Swedish-Norwegian actress (d. 1961)
- 1883 - Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek author (d. 1957)
- 1892 – Wendell Wilkie, American politician (d. 1944)
- 1896 - Andre Breton, French writer (d. 1966)
- 1897 – Charles Kuentz, German-born French World War I veteran (d. 2005)
- 1898 – Enzo Ferrari, Italian founder of Ferrari (d. 1988)
- 1898 – Luis Muñoz Marin, 1st Governor of Puerto Rico (d. 1980)
- 1899 - Arthur Bryant, British historian (d. 1985)
- 1901 - Reginald Sheffield, British actor (d. 1957)
- 1902 - Walter Herbert, German-born conductor and impresario (d. 1975)
- 1903 – Nikolai Podgorny, Soviet politician (d. 1983)
- 1906 – Hans Asperger, Austrian physician, after whom Asperger syndrome is named (d. 1980)
- 1919 – Jack Palance, American actor (d. 2006)
- 1920 – Bill Cullen, American game show host (d. 1990)
- 1920 – Eddie Slovik, American soldier (d. 1945)
- 1922 - Helen Gurley Brown, American publisher (d. 2012)
- 1922 - Joe Tipton, American baseball player (d. 1994)
- 1927 - Richard A. Snelling, two-time Governor of Vermont (d. 1991)
- 1927 - John Warner, American politician
- 1931 – Toni Morrison, American writer, Nobel Prize winner
- 1931 - Bob St. Clair, American football player
- 1932 – Milos Forman, Czech movie director
- 1933 – Yoko Ono, Japanese singer and performance artist
- 1933 – Bobby Robson, English footballer and manager (d. 2009)
- 1933 - Mary Ure, Scottish actress (d. 1975)
- 1934 - Paco Rabanne, Spanish fashion designer
- 1936 - Ab McDonald, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1938 – Sadanoyama Shinmatsu, Japanese sumo wrestler
- 1938 – Istvan Szabo, Hungarian movie director
- 1939 - Marek Janowski, Polish-born conductor
- 1943 - Graeme Garden, Scottish writer
- 1944 - Pat Bowlen, American owner of the Denver Broncos football team
- 1945 - Judy Rankin, American golfer
- 1946 – Michael Buerk, British newsreader
- 1946 – Jean-Claude Dreyfus, French actor
- 1947 – Princess Christine of the Netherlands
- 1947 - Dennis DeYoung, American musician
- 1947 - Carlos Lopes, Portuguese athlete
- 1948 – Sinead Cusack, Irish actress
- 1949 – Gary Ridgway, American serial killer
- 1950 - Cybill Shepherd, American actress
- 1950 – John Hughes, American movie director (d. 2009)
- 1952 - Randy Crawford, American singer
- 1954 – John Travolta, American actor
- 1956 – Ruediger Abramczik, German footballer and manager
- 1956 - Bidzina Ivanishvili, Georgian politician
- 1958 - Lucie Visser, Dutch actress and model
- 1958 - Gar Samuelson, American drummer (d. 1999)
- 1959 – Hallgrimur Helgason, Icelandic artist and author
- 1960 - Greta Scacchi, Australian actress
- 1961 - Hironobu Kageyama, Japanese singer
- 1963 – Anders Frisk, Swedish football referee
- 1964 – Matt Dillon, American actor
- 1964 - Paul Hanley, British musician
- 1965 – Dr. Dre, American record producer and rapper
- 1967 – Roberto Baggio, Italian footballer
- 1967 – Colin Jackson, Welsh athlete
- 1968 - Molly Ringwald, American actress
- 1969 - Alexander Mogilny, Russian ice hockey player
- 1969 - Jason Sutter, American drummer
- 1970 - Susan Egan, American actress
- 1973 – Claude Makelele, French footballer
- 1973 - Shawn Estes, American baseball player
- 1974 – Yevgeny Kafelnikov, Russian tennis player
- 1975 – Keith Gillespie, Irish footballer
- 1975 – Gary Neville, English footballer
- 1975 - Thora Arnorsdottir, Icelandic television presenter and former Presidential candidate
- 1977 – Chrissie Wellington, English tri-athlete
- 1978 – Josip Simunic, Croatian footballer
- 1980 - Nikolai Antropov, Kazakhstani ice hockey player
- 1981 - Andrei Kirilenko, Russian basketball player
- 1981 - Ivan Sproule, Irish footballer
- 1983 – Jermaine Jenas, English footballer
- 1985 – Anton Ferdinand, English footballer
- 1985 – Lee Boyd Malvo, Jamaican-American spree killer
- 1986 - Vika Jigulina, Romanian singer
- 1988 – Maiara Walsh, Brazilian-American actress
- 1991 – Henry Surtees, English racing driver (d. 2009)
- 1995 - Samantha Crawford, American tennis player
Deaths [change]
- 999 – Pope Gregory V (b. 972)
- 1139 - Prince Yaropolk II of Kiev (b. 1082)
- 1294 – Kublai Khan, Mongol ruler (b. 1215)
- 1379 - Albert II of Mecklenburg (b. 1318)
- 1405 – Tamerlane, Mongol ruler (b. 1336)
- 1455 – Fra Angelico, Italian artist (b. 1395)
- 1478 – George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence (b. 1449)
- 1546 – Martin Luther, German religious reformer (b. 1483)
- 1564 – Michelangelo, Italian artist and sculptor (b. 1475)
- 1712 - Louis, duc de Bourgogne, heir to the French throne (b. 1682)
- 1743 - Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, last of the Medicis (b. 1667)
- 1772 - Johann Hartwig Ernst, Count of Bernstorff, Danish statesman (b. 1712)
- 1780 – Kristijonas Donelaitis, Lithuanian poet (b. 1714)
- 1834 - William Wirt, United States Attorney General (b. 1772)
- 1851 – Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi, German mathematician (b. 1804)
- 1873 – Vasil Levski, Bulgarian revolutionary (b. 1837)
- 1890 – Gyula Andrassy, Hungarian politician and statesman (b. 1823)
- 1891 - Henry Hastings Sibley, American politician (b. 1811)
- 1893 - Serranus Clinton Hastings, American politician (b. 1814)
- 1899 – Sophus Lie, Norwegian mathematician (b. 1842)
- 1900 - Clinton L. Merriam, American politician (b. 1824)
- 1902 – Charles Lewis Tiffany, founder of Tiffany and Co. (b. 1812)
- 1915 - Harry Ward Leonard, American engineer and inventor (b. 1861)
- 1931 - Frank C. Emerson, Governor of Wyoming (b. 1882)
- 1932 - Frederick Augustus III of Saxony (b. 1865)
- 1933 - James J. Corbett, American boxer (b. 1866)
- 1937 - Lamartine Griffin Hardman, American politician, Governor of Georgia (b. 1856)
- 1937 - Grigory Ordzhonikidze, Soviet politician (b. 1886)
- 1945 - Ivan Chernyakhovsky, Russian general (b. 1906)
- 1949 - Nicolas Alcala-Zamora, Spanish politician (b. 1877)
- 1956 - Gustave Charpentier, French composer (b. 1860)
- 1957 – Dedan Kimathi, Kenyan rebel leader (b. 1920)
- 1957 - Henry Norris Russell, American astronomer (b. 1877)
- 1964 - Joseph-Armand Bombardier, Canadian inventor and industrialist (b. 1907)
- 1966 - Robert Rossen, American screenwriter, movie director and producer (b. 1908)
- 1967 – Dragisa Cvetkovic, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (b. 1893)
- 1967 – J. Robert Oppenheimer, American physicist (b. 1904)
- 1977 - Andy Devine, American actor (b. 1905)
- 1978 - Maggie McNamara, American actress (b. 1928)
- 1981 – John Knudsen Northrop, American aircraft manufacturer (b. 1895)
- 1993 - Jacqueline Hill, British actress (b. 1929)
- 1995 - Bob Stinson, American guitarist (b. 1959)
- 2001 – Dale Earnhardt, American racing driver (b. 1951)
- 2001 – Balthus, Polish-French painter (b. 1908)
- 2003 – Isser Harel, Israeli Mossad leader (b. 1912)
- 2004 – Jean Rouch, French movie maker and ethnologist (b. 1917)
- 2008 – Alain Robbe-Grillet, French writer and movie maker (b. 1922)
- 2009 – Kamila Skolimowska, Polish hammer thrower (b. 1982)
- 2009 – At-Tayyib Salih, Sudanese writer (b. 1929)
- 2010 – John Babcock, Canadian World War I veteran (b. 1900)
- 2010 – Ariel Ramirez, Argentine composer (b. 1921)
- 2012 – Roald Aas, Norwegian speed skater and cyclist (b. 1928)
- 2012 - George Brizan, Grenadian politician (b. 1942)
- 2013 - Jerry Buss, American businessman and owner of the Los Angeles Lakers basketball team (b. 1933)
- 2013 - Elspet Gray, Scottish actress (b. 1928)
- 2013 - Otfried Preussler, German author (b. 1923)
Events [change]
- 1229 - Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth and Bethlehem, with neither military engagement nor support from the Pope.
- 1268 – The Livonian Brothers of the Sword are defeated by Dovmont of Pskov in the Battle of Rakvere.
- 1332 - Amda Seyon I of Ethiopia begins his campaigns in the southern Muslim provinces.
- 1478 – George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence is executed in the Tower of London after being convicted of treason against his older brother, King Edward IV of England.
- 1637 - Eighty Years' War: Off Cornwall, a Spanish fleet intercepts an important Anglo-Dutch merchant convoy of 44 vessels escorted by 6 warships, destroying or capturing 20 of them.
- 1745 - Surakarta, central Java, is founded.
- 1814 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Montereau.
- 1861 – Victor Emmanuel II of Savoy assumes the title of King of Italy.
- 1861 – In Montgomery, Alabama Jefferson Davis is inaugurated as provisional President of the Confederate States of America.
- 1873 – Bulgarian revolutionary Vasil Levski is executed by hanging in Sofia by the Ottoman authorities.
- 1885 - The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, is published.
- 1900 – Boer War: British forces suffer their worst single-day loss of life of the war on the first day of the Battle of Paardeberg.
- 1906 - Edouard de Laveleye forms the Belgian Olympic Committee.
- 1910 – The future-World Governing body for the sport of Skiing is founded in Kristiania, present-day Oslo, in Norway.
- 1911 - The first airmail flight takes place in what is then British India.
- 1913 - Pedro Lascurain becomes President of Mexico for 45 minutes. This is the shortest time that a President has ever served in office.
- 1930 – From photographs taken in January, Clyde Tombaugh discovers the dwarf planet Pluto.
- 1932 – The Empire of Japan declares Manzhougou (Manchuria) independent of the Republic of China.
- 1942 - World War II: The Imperial Japanese Army begins the systematic extermination of people in the Chinese community in Singapore that it sees as hostile to its regime.
- 1943 – Members of the White Rose Resistance Movement are arrested by the Nazis.
- 1946 - Sailors of the Royal Indian Navy mutiny in Bombay. This action later spreads throughout India.
- 1952 – Greece and Turkey join NATO.
- 1954 – The first Church of Scientology is established in Los Angeles, California.
- 1957 – Kenyan rebel leader Dedan Kimathi is executed by the British colonial government.
- 1960 – The Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California, begin.
- 1963 – The eruption of the Agung volcano on Bali kills around 1,500 people.
- 1965 – The Gambia becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
- 1969 - Hawthorne Nevada Airlines Flight 708 crashes into Mount Whitney, California, killing all on board.
- 1977 – The Space Shuttle Enterprise makes its first flight, on a Boeing 747.
- 1978 – The first Ironman triathlon takes place on the island of Oahu, Hawaii. It is won by Gordon Haller.
- 1979 – Snow falls in the Sahara desert of southern Algeria for the only time in recorded history.
- 1983 – 13 people die in the Wah Mee massacre in Seattle. It is believed to be the worst robbery-motivated killing in US history.
- 1988 – Anthony Kennedy becomes a member of the Supreme Court of the United States.
- 1991 - The IRA detonates bombs at London's Paddington and Victoria Stations.
- 2000 - Stjepan Mesic becomes President of Croatia.
- 2001 - Inter-ethnic violence begins in Sampit, Indonesia, between Dayaks and Madurese.
- 2001 – Dale Earnhardt dies on a crash on the last lap of the last turn on the Daytona 500.
- 2001 – FBI agent Robert Hanssen is arrested for spying for the Soviet Union.
- 2003 – Nearly 200 people die in the Daegu subway fire in South Korea.
- 2004 – Up to 295 people, including around 200 rescue workers, are killed in Iran, when a freight train carrying sulfur, petrol and fertiliser catches fire and explodes.
- 2005 – A ban on Fox Hunting in the United Kingdom enters effect.
- 2007 – Terrorist bombings occur on the Samjhauta Express in Panipat, Haryana, India, killing 68 people.
- 2010 – A coup takes place in Niamey, Niger. President Mamadou Tandja is replaced by a ruling junta, the Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy.
Observances [change]
- Independence Day (the Gambia)
- International Asperger's Day
