Ichthyophiidae

Asiatic tailed caecilians
	Ichthyophis sp. from the Western Ghats
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Gymnophiona
Family:	Ichthyophiidae; Taylor, 1968
Genera
	Caudacaecilia; Ichthyophis; Uraeotyphlus

Ichthyophiidae is the family of Asiatic tailed caecilians or fish caecilians. They are found in south-east Asia.

They are primitive caecilians. They do not have some of the features found in the other families. For example, the mouth is not back underneath the head, they have tails, and have many scales on their body. They have two sets of muscles for closing the jaw. This is a feature unique to caecilians, but absent in the related family Rhinatrematidae.^[1]

They lay their eggs in small holes in moist soil. The eggs hatch into larvae. They live in streams or underground seepages. They the change into adults. There is some evidence that the female may protect the eggs until they hatch.^[1]

Taxonomy[change | change source]

Family Ichthyophiidae

Genus Caudacaecilia
- Caudacaecilia asplenia - Broad-striped Caecilian
- Caudacaecilia larutensis - Larut Hills Caecilian
- Caudacaecilia nigroflava - Kuala Lumpur Caecilian
- Caudacaecilia paucidentula - Kapahiang Caecilian
- Caudacaecilia weberi - Malatgan River Caecilian
Genus Ichthyophis
- Ichthyophis acuminatus - Elongate-headed Caecilian
- Ichthyophis alfredii
- Ichthyophis atricollaris - Long Bloee Caecilian
- Ichthyophis bannanicus - Banna Caecilian
- Ichthyophis beddomei - Yellow-striped Caecilian
- Ichthyophis bernisi - Indonesian Caecilian
- Ichthyophis biangularis - Angular Caecilian
- Ichthyophis billitonensis - Billiton Island Caecilian
- Ichthyophis daribokensis
- Ichthyophis bombayensis - Bombay Caecilian
- Ichthyophis davidi
- Ichthyophis dulitensis - Mount Dulit Caecilian
- Ichthyophis elongatus - Elongated Caecilian
- Ichthyophis garoensis
- Ichthyophis glandulosus - Basilan Island Caecilian
- Ichthyophis glutinosus - Ceylon Caecilian
- Ichthyophis humphreyi - Humphrey's Caecilian
- Ichthyophis husaini - Husain's Caecilian
- Ichthyophis hypocyaneus - Bantam Caecilian
- Ichthyophis javanicus - Javan Caecilian
- Ichthyophis khumhzi
- Ichthyophis kodaguensis - Kodagu Striped Caecilian
- Ichthyophis kohtaoensis - Koa Tao Island Caecilian
- Ichthyophis laosensis - Upper Laos Caecilian
- Ichthyophis longicephalus - Long-headed Caecilian
- Ichthyophis malabarensis - Malabar Caecilian
- Ichthyophis mindanaoensis - Mindanao Island Caecilian
- Ichthyophis monochrous - Western Borneo Caecilian
- Ichthyophis moustakius
- Ichthyophis orthoplicatus - Pattipola Caecilian
- Ichthyophis paucisulcus - Siantar Caecilian
- Ichthyophis peninsularis
- Ichthyophis pseudangularis - Taylor's Caecilian
- Ichthyophis sendenyu
- Ichthyophis sikkimensis - Sikkimese Caecilian
- Ichthyophis singaporensis - Singapore Caecilian
- Ichthyophis subterrestris
- Ichthyophis sumatranus - Sumatran Caecilian
- Ichthyophis supachaii - Supachai's Caecilian
- Ichthyophis tricolor - Three-coloured Caecilian
- Ichthyophis youngorum - Doi Suthep Caecilian
Genus Uraeotyphlus
- Uraeotyphlus gansi
- Uraeotyphlus interruptus - Kerala Caecilian
- Uraeotyphlus malabaricus - Malabar Caecilian
- Uraeotyphlus menoni - Menon's Caecilian
- Uraeotyphlus narayani - Narayan's Caecilian
- Uraeotyphlus oommeni - Bonnacord Caecilian
- Uraeotyphlus oxyurus - Red Caecilian

References[change | change source]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Nussbaum, Ronald A. (1998). Cogger, H.G. & Zweifel, R.G. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 55. ISBN 0-12-178560-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)

Nussbaum, Ronald A. and Mark Wilkinson (1989). "On the Classification and Phylogeny of Caecilians." Herpetological Monographs, (3), 1-42
San Mauro, Diego; Gower, David J.; Oommen, Oommen V.; Wilkinson, Mark; Zardoya, Rafael (November 2004). "Phylogeny of caecilian amphibians (Gymnophiona) based on complete mitochondrial genomes and nuclear RAG1". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 33 (2): 413–427. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.05.014. PMID 15336675.
San Mauro, Diego; Gower, David J.; Massingham, Tim; Wilkinson, Mark; Zardoya, Rafael; Cotton, James A. (August 2009). "Experimental design in caecilian systematics: phylogenetic information of mitochondrial genomes and nuclear rag1". Systematic Biology. 58 (4): 425–438. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp043. PMID 20525595.
Frost, Darrel R. 2004. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 3.0 (22 August 2004). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA
AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. 2004. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. Available: http://amphibiaweb.org/. Retrieved 26 August 2004

[EoR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Nussbaum, Ronald A. (1998). Cogger, H.G. & Zweifel, R.G. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 55. ISBN 0-12-178560-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)

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