List of World Heritage Sites in Western Europe

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has designated 131 World Heritage Sites in Western Europe. These sites are in 9 countries. Liechtenstein and Monaco have no sites. There are ten sites which are shared between countries. The first site from the region to be included on the list was the Aachen Cathedral in Germany in 1978.

Legend

The list below uses a definition of Western Europe which includes the United Kingdom and Ireland.

Site – named after the World Heritage Committee's official designation

Location – sorted by country, followed by the region at the regional or provincial level and geocoordinates. In the case of multinational or multi-regional sites, the names are sorted alphabetically.

Criteria – as defined by the World Heritage Committee

Area – in hectares and acres, followed by buffer zones if applicable. A value of zero implies that no data has been published by UNESCO

Year – during which the site was added to the World Heritage List

Description – brief information about the site, including reasons for qualifying as an endangered site, if applicable

Sites A to M

Site	Image	Location	Criteria	Area ha (acre)	Year	Description
Aachen Cathedral		GermanyAachen, Germany 50°46′28″N 6°5′4″E	Cultural:GerAac (i), (ii), (iv), (vi)	0 —	1978
Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch		GermanyLorsch, Germany 49°39′13.284″N 8°34′6.888″E	Cultural:GerLor (iii), (iv)	0 —	1991	The abbey and gate or 'Torhall', are from the Carolingian era. The notable Carolingian sculptures and paintings are still in good condition.
Abbey Church of Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe		FranceVienne, France 46°33′52.992″N 0°51′57.996″E	Cultural:FraVie (i), (iii)	&100000000000000001600000.16 (0.40)	1983
Amiens Cathedral		FranceAmiens, France 49°53′42″N 2°18′6″E	Cultural:FraAmi (i), (ii)	&100000000000000013700001.37 (3.4)	1981
Archaeological Ensemble of the Bend of the Boyne		IrelandCounty Meath, Ireland 53°41′30.012″N 6°27′0″W	Cultural:IreCouMea (i), (iii), (iv)	&10000000000000770000000770 (1,900)	1993
Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments		FranceBouches-du-Rhône, France 43°40′39.5″N 4°37′50.5″E	Cultural:FraArl (ii), (iv)	&1000000000000006500000065 (160)	1981
Bauhaus and its sites in Weimar and Dessau		GermanyBerlin, Dessau, and Weimar Germany 50°58′29.172″N 11°19′46.164″E	Cultural:GerBer1 (ii), (iv), (vi)	0 —	1996
Beemster Polder		NetherlandsNorth Holland, Netherlands 52°32′56″N 4°54′40″E	Cultural:NetNorBeem (i), (ii), (iv)	0 —	1999	The early 17th century Beemster Polder, is a series of fields, roads, canals, dykes and settlements all built on land reclaimed from the sea.
Belfries of Belgium and France		BelgiumBelgium* France* 50°10′27.984″N 3°13′53.004″E	Cultural:Belg1 (ii), (iv)	0 —	1999
Benedictine Convent of St John at Müstair		SwitzerlandMüstair, Switzerland 46°37′46.02″N 10°26′51.54″E	Cultural:SwiMus (iii)	&100000000000020360000002,036 (5,030)	1983	The Convent of Müstair is a Christian monastery from the Carolingian period. It has Switzerland's greatest series of figurative murals, painted c. 800 AD, along with other Romanesque art and designs.
Berlin Modernism Housing Estates		GermanyBerlin, Germany 52°26′54″N 13°26′59.9″E	Cultural:GerBer2 (ii), (iv)	&1000000000000008800000088 (220) Buffer zone: 259 (640)	2008	The property has six housing estates from 1910 to 1933.The lessons learned here were applied on other projects around the world. Some of the notable architects on these house were; Bruno Taut, Martin Wagner and Walter Gropius.
Blaenavon Industrial Landscape		United KingdomTorfaen, Wales, United Kingdom 51°46′35″N 3°5′17″W	Cultural:UniTorf (iii), (iv)	&100000000000032900000003,290 (8,100)	2000
Blenheim Palace		United KingdomWoodstock, United Kingdom 51°50′31″N 1°21′41″W	Cultural:UniWoo (ii), (iv)	0 —	1987
Bordeaux, Port of the Moon		FranceGironde, France 44°50′20″N 0°34′20″E	Cultural:FraGir1 (ii), (iv)	&100000000000017310000001,731 (4,280)	2007
Bourges Cathedral		FranceBourges, France 47°4′56″N 2°23′54″E	Cultural:FraBou (i), (iv)	&100000000000000008500000.85 (2.1)	1992
Canal du Midi		FranceSouthern France, France 43°36′41″N 1°24′59″E	Cultural:FraSou1 (i), (ii), (iv), (vi)	&100000000000011720000001,172 (2,900)	1996
Canterbury Cathedral, St Augustine's Abbey, and St Martin's Church		United KingdomCanterbury, United Kingdom 51°16′48″N 1°4′59″W	Cultural:UniCan (i), (ii), (vi)	&1000000000000001800000018 (44)	1988
Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd		United KingdomGwynedd, Wales, United Kingdom 53°8′23″N 4°16′37″W	Cultural:UniGwy (i), (iii), (iv)	&100000000000000060000006 (15)	1986
Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at Brühl		GermanyBrühl, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany 50°49′30.1″N 6°54′35.2″E	Cultural:GerBru (ii), (iv)	&1000000000000008900000089 (220)	1984	Augustusburg Castle, the home of the prince-archbishops of Cologne, and the Falkenlust hunting lodge are both examples of early German Rococo architecture.
Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Former Abbey of Saint-Rémi and Palace of Tau, Reims		FranceReims, France 49°15′12″N 4°1′58″E	Cultural:FraRei (i), (ii), (vi)	&100000000000000041600004.16 (10.3)	1991	Notre-Dame in Reims is one of the masterpieces of Gothic art. The former abbey still has its beautiful 9th-century nave, with the remains of Archbishop St Rémi (440–533).
Causses and The Causses and the Cévennes		FranceSouthern France, France 44°13′13″N 3°28′23″E	Cultural:FraSou2 (iii), (v)	&10000000000302319000000302,319 (747,050) Buffer zone: 312,425 (772,020)	2011	This site, in the southern part of central France, is mountainous with many narrow valleys. The valleys of the Causses were developed and controlled by large abbeys, starting in the 11th century.
Chartres Cathedral		FranceChartres, France 48°26′51″N 1°29′14″E	Cultural:FraCha (i), (ii), (iv)	&100000000000000010600001.06 (2.6)	1979	The cathedral was started in 1145 and rebuilt after a fire in 1194. It is a masterpiece of French Gothic art. The sculptures are from the 12th century and the stained-glass windows are from the 12th and 13th centuries.
La Chaux La Chaux-de-Fonds / Le Locle, Watchmaking Town Planning		SwitzerlandNeuchatel Canton of Neuchâtel, Switzerland 47°6′14″N 6°49′58″E	Cultural:SwiNeu (iv)	&10000000000000284000000284 (700)	2009	The site has two towns close to one another in the Swiss Jura mountains. The town of La Chaux-de-Fonds was described by Karl Marx as a “huge factory-town” in Das Kapital where he analyzed the watchmaking industry of the Jura.
Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay		FranceMarmagne, Côte-d'Or, France 47°38′21.984″N 4°23′20.796″E	Cultural:FraMar (iv)	&100000000000000057699995.77 (14.3)	1981	The monastery was founded by St Bernard in 1119. The abbey was built to be self-sufficient and to isolate the residents from the outside world.
City of Bath		United KingdomSomerset, United Kingdom 51°22′53″N 2°21′31″W	Cultural:UniSom (i), (ii), (iv)	&100000000000029000000002,900 (7,200)	1987	Bath was founded by the Romans as a thermal spa town. Some of the Roman buildings are can still be seen. It was later rebuilt as a neoclassical town.
City of Graz – Historic Centre and Schloss Eggenberg		AustriaStyria, Austria 47°4′27″N 15°23′30″E	Cultural:AusSty (ii), (iv)	0 —	1999	A branch of the Habsburg family lived in Graz for centuries.
City of Luxembourg: its Old Quarters and Fortifications		LuxembourgLuxembourg 49°36′36″N 6°7′59.988″E	Cultural:Luxembourg (iv)	&1000000000000003000000030 (74)	1994	Over the centuries Luxembourg was traded back and forth by the great powers in Europe, each of which fortified and expanded the city.
Classical Weimar		GermanyThuringia, Germany 50°58′39″N 11°19′42.996″E	Cultural:GerWei (iii), (vi)	0 —	1998	Weimar became a cultural center in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, when the city was home to Goethe and Schiller.
Collegiate Church, Castle, and Old Town of Quedlinburg		GermanyHarz, Germany 51°46′59.988″N 11°9′0″E	Cultural:GerHar (iv)	0 —	1994
Cologne Cathedral		GermanyCologne, Germany 50°56′28″N 6°57′26″E	Cultural:GerCol (i), (ii), (iv)	0 —	1996
Convent of St Gall		SwitzerlandSt. Gallen, Switzerland 47°25′23.988″N 9°22′40.008″E	Cultural:SwiStGal (ii), (iv)	0 —	1983	The Carolingian Convent of St Gall was one of the most important in Europe. Its library is one of the richest and oldest in the world.
Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape		United KingdomSouth West England, United Kingdom 50°8′10″N 5°23′1″W	Cultural:UniSouCor (ii), (iii), (iv)	&1000000000001971900000019,719 (48,730)	2006
Defence Line of Amsterdam		NetherlandsAmsterdam, Netherlands 52°22′28″N 4°53′35″E	Cultural:NetAmsDef (ii), (iv), (v)	&1000000000001495300000014,953 (36,950)	1996
Derwent Valley Mills		United KingdomDerbyshire, United Kingdom 53°1′44″N 1°29′17″W	Cultural:UniDer (ii), (iv)	&100000000000012290000001,229 (3,040)	2001
Dorset and East Devon Coast		United KingdomDorset, United Kingdom 50°42′20″N 2°59′23.6″W	Natural:UniEasDev (viii)	&100000000000025500000002,550 (6,300)	2001
Durham Castle and Cathedral		United KingdomDurham, United Kingdom 54°46′29″N 1°34′34″W	Cultural:UniDur (ii), (iv), (vi)	&100000000000000087899998.79 (21.7)	1986
Episcopal City of Albi		FranceTarn, France 43°55′42″N 2°8′33″E	Cultural:FraTar (iv), (v)	&1000000000000001900000019 (47)	2010
Fagus Factory in Alfeld		GermanyAlfeld, Germany 51°59′1″N 9°48′40″E	Cultural:GerAlf (ii), (iv)	&100000000000000018799991.88 (4.6)	2011
Fertö / Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape		AustriaBurgenland and Győr-Moson-Sopron County, Austria* Hungary* 47°43′9.4″N 16°43′21.8″E	Cultural:AusBur (v)	&1000000000000005200000052 (130) buffer: 40 (99)	2001	A number of 18th and 19th century villages and castles were built on top of ancient settlements and landscape.
Flemish Béguinages		BelgiumFlanders, Belgium 51°1′51.5″N 4°28′25.5″E	Cultural:BelFla (ii), (iii), (iv)	&1000000000000006000000060 (150)	1998
Fortifications of Vauban		FranceFrance 50°16′57″N 2°45′32″E	Cultural:Fra1 (i), (ii), (iv)	&100000000000011530000001,153 (2,850)	2008
Four Lifts on the Canal The Four Lifts on the Canal du Centre and their Environs, La Louvière and Le Roeulx		BelgiumLa Louvière, Belgium 50°28′51.996″N 4°8′13.992″E	Cultural:BelLaLou (iii), (iv)	&1000000000000006700000067 (170)	1998
Frontiers of the Roman Empire		GermanyCentral Lowlands, Northern England, and Southern Germany Germany* United Kingdom* 54°59′33.4″N 2°36′3.6″W	Cultural:GerCen (ii), (iii), (iv)	&10000000000000527000000527 (1,300)	1987
Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz		GermanySaxony-Anhalt, Germany 51°50′33″N 12°25′14.988″E	Cultural:GerSax1 (ii), (iv)	&1000000000001450000000014,500 (36,000)	2000
Giant's Causeway and Causeway Coast		United KingdomCounty Antrim, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom 55°15′0″N 6°29′7″W	Natural:UniCouAnt (vii), (viii)	&1000000000000007000000070 (170)	1986
La Grand-Place, Brussels		BelgiumBrussels, Belgium 50°50′48.048″N 4°21′8.712″E	Cultural:BelBru1 (ii), (iv)	0 —	1998
Gulf of Porto: Calanche of Piana, Gulf of Girolata, Scandola Reserve		FranceCorsica, France 42°19′30.7″N 8°37′43.8″E	Natural:FraCor (vii), (viii), (x)	&1000000000001180000000011,800 (29,000)	1983
Hallstatt-Dachstein / Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape		AustriaSalzkammergut, Austria 47°33′34″N 13°38′47″E	Cultural:AusSal (iii), (iv)	&1000000000002844600000028,446 (70,290)	1997
Hanseatic City of Lübeck		GermanySchleswig-Holstein, Germany 53°52′0.012″N 10°41′30.012″E	Cultural:GerSch (iv)	&1000000000000008100000081 (200)	1987
Heart of Neolithic Orkney		United KingdomMainland, Scotland, United Kingdom 58°59′45.8″N 3°11′19.2″W	Cultural:UniMai (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)	&1000000000000001500000015 (37)	1999
Historic Centre of Avignon: Papal Palace, Episcopal Ensemble and Avignon Bridge		FranceVaucluse, France 43°57′10″N 4°48′22″E	Culture:FraVau (i), (ii), (iv)	&100000000000000081999998.2 (20)	1995
Historic Centre of Bruges		BelgiumWest Flanders, Belgium 51°12′32.076″N 3°13′30.972″E	Cultural:BelWes (ii), (iv), (vi)	&10000000000000410000000410 (1,000)	2000
Historic Centre of Salzburg		AustriaSalzburg, Austria 47°48′2″N 13°2′36″E	Cultural:AusSal (ii), (iv), (vi)	&10000000000000236000000236 (580)	1996
Historic Centre of Vienna		AustriaAustria 48°13′0″N 16°22′59″E	Cultural:Aus2 (ii), (iv), (vi)	&10000000000000371000000371 (920)	2001
Historic Centres of Stralsund and Wismar		GermanyMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany 54°18′9″N 13°5′7″E	Cultural:GerMec (ii), (iv)	&10000000000000168000000168 (420)	2002
Historic Site of Lyon		FranceRhône, France 45°46′1.992″N 4°49′59.988″E	Cultural:FraRho (ii), (iv)	&10000000000000427000000427 (1,060)	1998
Historic Fortified City of Carcassonne		FranceAude, France 43°12′38″N 2°21′32″E	Cultural:FraAud (ii), (iv)	&1000000000000001100000011 (27)	1997
Ir.D.F. Woudagemaal (D.F. Wouda Steam Pumping Station)		NetherlandsLemmer, Netherlands 52°50′44.988″N 5°40′44.004″E	Culture:NetLem (i), (ii), (iv)	&100000000000000073200007.32 (18.1)	1998
Ironbridge Gorge		United KingdomShropshire, United Kingdom 52°37′35″N 2°28′22″W	Cultural:UniShr (i), (ii), (iv), (vi)	0 —	1986
Jurisdiction of Saint-Émilion		FranceGironde, France 44°53′41″N 0°9′19″E	Cultural:FraGir2 (iii), (iv)	&100000000000078470000007,847 (19,390)	1999
Mill Network at Kinderdijk-Elshout		NetherlandsAlblasserdam and Nieuw-Lekkerland, Netherlands 51°52′57″N 4°38′58″E	Cultural:NetAlb (i), (ii), (iv)	0 —	1997	The first canals and pumps to drain the land for farming were built here in the Middle Ages.
Lavaux, Vineyard Terraces		SwitzerlandVaud Vaud, Switzerland 46°29′31″N 6°44′46″E	Cultural:SwiVau (iii), (iv), (v)	&100000000000014080000001,408 (3,480)	2007	The Lavaux Vineyard Terraces go for 30 km (19 mi) on the south-facing northern shores of Lake Geneva.
Le Havre, the City Rebuilt by Auguste Perret		FranceSeine-Maritime, France 49°29′34.008″N 0°6′27″E	Cultural:FraSei (ii), (iv)	&10000000000000133000000133 (330)	2005
Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City		United KingdomMerseyside, United Kingdom 53°24′24″N 2°59′40″W	Cultural:UniMer (ii), (iii), (iv)	&10000000000000136000000136 (340)	2004
The Loire The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes		FranceLoire Valley, France 47°23′56.004″N 0°42′10.008″E	Cultural:FraLoi (i), (ii), (iv)	&1000000000008539400000085,394 (211,010) Buffer zone: 208,934 (516,290)	2000	The Loire Valley has historic towns and villages, castles and cultivated lands.
Luther Memorials in Eisleben and Wittenberg		GermanySaxony-Anhalt, Germany 51°51′52.992″N 12°39′10.008″E	Cultural:GerSax2 (iv), (vi)	0 —	1996
Major Town Houses of the Architect Victor Horta (Brussels)		BelgiumBrussels, Belgium 50°49′41.016″N 4°21′44.028″E	Cultural:BelBru2 (i), (ii), (iv)	0 —	2000
Maritime Greenwich		United KingdomLondon, United Kingdom 51°28′45″N 0°0′0″E	Cultural:UniLon1 (i), (ii), (iv), (vi)	&10000000000000110000000110 (270)	1997
Maulbronn Monastery Complex		GermanyMaulbronn, Germany 49°0′2.988″N 8°48′47.016″E	Cultural:GerMau (ii), (iv)	0 —	1993	The Cistercian Maulbronn Monastery is the most complete and best-preserved medieval monastic complex north of the Alps.
Messel Pit Fossil Site		GermanyMessel, Germany 49°55′0.012″N 8°45′14.004″E	Natural:GerMes (viii)	&1000000000000004200000042 (100) buffer: 23 (57)	1995	Messel Pit is the richest fossil site in the world for the Eocene, 57 to 36 million years ago. It shows the early stages of mammalian evolution and includes very well-preserved mammal fossils. There are fully articulated skeletons, and the contents of the stomachs of animals.
Mines of Rammelsberg, Historic Town of Goslar and Upper Harz Water Management System		GermanyGoslar, Upper Harz, Germany 51°49′12″N 10°20′24″E	Cultural:GerGos (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)	&100000000000010100000001,010 (2,500) Buffer zone: 5,655 (13,970)	1992	The Upper Harz water management system was developed over a period of some 800 years to help in mining and extracting ore.
Monastic Island of Reichenau		GermanyBaden-Württemberg, Germany 47°41′55.4″N 9°3′40.7″E	Cultural:GerBad (iii), (iv), (vi)	0 —	2000	The site includes traces of the Benedictine monastery, founded in 724, which exercised remarkable spiritual, intellectual and artistic influence throughout the surrounding region.
Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay		FranceManche, France 48°38′8.016″N 1°30′38.016″W	Cultural:FraMan (i), (iii), (vi)	&100000000000065580000006,558 (16,210) Buffer zone: 57,589 (142,310)	1979	Perched on a rocky islet in the midst of vast sandbanks exposed to powerful tides between Normandy and Brittany stands a Gothic-style Benedictine abbey, and the village which grew up under its walls.
Monte San Giorgio		SwitzerlandTicino, Italy* Switzerland* 45°53′20″N 8°54′50″E	Natural:SwiCanTic (viii)	&100000000000032070000003,207 (7,920)	2010	The pyramid-shaped, wooded mountain of Monte San Giorgio beside Lake Lugano is the best fossil record of marine life from the Triassic (245–230 million years ago).
Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin		GermanyBerlin, Germany 52°31′11″N 13°23′55″E	Cultural:GerBer3 (ii), (iv)	0 —	1999	There are five museums on the Museumsinsel in Berlin. The collections trace the development of civilizations throughout the ages.
Muskauer Park / Park Mużakowski		PolandUpper Lusatia, Germany* Poland* 51°34′45.5″N 14°43′35.2″E	Cultural:GerUpp (i), (iv)	&10000000000000348000000348 (860) Buffer zone: 1,205 (2,980)	2004	A landscaped park on the Neisse River and the border between Poland and Germany, it was created by Prince Hermann von Puckler-Muskau from 1815 to 1844.

Sites N to Z

Site	Image	Location	Criteria	Area ha (acre)	Year	Description
Neolithic Flint Mines at Spiennes (Mons)		BelgiumSpiennes, Belgium 50°25′50.772″N 3°58′43.644″E	Cultural:BelSpi (i), (iii), (iv)	&10000000000000172000000172 (430)	2000	The Neolithic flint mines at Spiennes are the largest and earliest concentration of ancient mines in Europe.
New Lanark		United KingdomLanark, Scotland United Kingdom 55°39′48″N 3°46′59″W	Cultural:UniLanSco (ii), (iv), (vi)	&10000000000000146000000146 (360) Buffer zone: 667 (1,650)	2001	New Lanark is a small 18th- century village where, in the early 19th century, Robert Owen built a community based on his ideals. The site includes cotton mill buildings, spacious workers' housing, and schools all built to form an industrial utopia.
Notre-Dame Cathedral in Tournai		BelgiumTournai, Belgium 50°36′21.708″N 3°23′21.336″E	Cultural:BelTou (ii), (iv)	&100000000000000005000000.5 (1.2)	2000	The Cathedral of Notre-Dame in Tournai was built in the first half of the 12th century. The nave, transept and towers are all in the romanesque style.
Old City of Berne		SwitzerlandBern, Switzerland 46°56′53.016″N 7°27′1.008″E	Cultural:SwiCanBer (iii)	&1000000000008468400000084,684 (209,260)	1983	Founded in the 12th century, Bern developed on a hill site surrounded by the Aare River. The early wooden buildings were replaced with sandstone, followed by arcades in the 15th century arcades and fountains in the 16th century.
Old and New Towns of Edinburgh		United KingdomEdinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom 55°57′0″N 3°13′0″W	Cultural:UniEdiSco (ii), (iv)	0 —	1995	Edinburgh has two distinct areas. The Old Town is dominated by a medieval fortress. The New Town development from the 18th century onwards had a big influence on European urban planning.
Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof		GermanyRegensburg, Germany 49°1′14″N 12°5′57″E	Cultural:GerBavReg (ii), (iii), (iv)	&10000000000000183000000183 (450) Buffer zone: 776 (1,920)	2006	This medieval town has many notable buildings that go across almost two millennia and include ancient Roman, Romanesque and Gothic buildings. Regensburg was a center of the Holy Roman Empire which turned to Protestantism.
Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn		AustriaVienna, Austria 48°11′12″N 16°18′48″E	Cultural:AusVie (i), (iv)	&10000000000000186000000186 (460) Buffer zone: 261 (640)	1996	The home of the Habsburg emperors from the 18th century to 1918. It was built in the rococo style as a single, unified project. It was designed by the architects Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach and Nicolaus Pacassi. It was the site of the world's first zoo.
Palace and Park of Fontainebleau		FranceFontainebleau, France 48°24′7″N 2°41′53″E	Cultural:FraFon (ii), (vi)	&10000000000000144000000144 (360)	1981	Used by the kings of France from the 12th century, the medieval royal hunting lodge of Fontainebleau was changed, enlarged and embellished in the 16th century by François I. He wanted to make a 'New Rome' of it.
Palace and Park of Versailles		FranceVersailles, France 48°48′18″N 2°7′10″E	Cultural:FraVer (i), (ii), (vi)	&100000000000010700000001,070 (2,600) Buffer zone: 9,467 (23,390)	1979	The Palace of Versailles was the main home of the French kings from the time of Louis XIV to Louis XVI.
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin		GermanyBerlin, Potsdam, Germany 52°23′59″N 13°1′59″E	Cultural:GerBer4 (i), (ii), (iv)	&100000000000020640000002,064 (5,100)	1990	This site has 500 ha (1,200 acres) of parks and 150 buildings constructed between 1730 and 1916. Voltaire stayed at the Sans-Souci Palace, built under Frederick II between 1745 and 1747.
Paris, Banks of the Seine		FranceParis, France 48°51′30″N 2°17′39″E	Cultural:FraPar (i), (ii), (iv)	&10000000000000365000000365 (900)	1991	The river Seine runs through the heart of Paris. The banks of the river are lined with many of Paris' most famous buildings including the Louvre, the Eiffel Tower, the Place de la Concorde, the Cathedral of Notre-Dame, the Sainte Chapelle and the Grand and Petit Palais.
Pilgrimage Church of Wies		GermanySteingaden, Germany 47°40′52.6″N 10°54′0.5″E	Cultural:GerSte (i), (iii)	&100000000000000001000000.1 (0.25)	1983	The Church of Wies (1745–54) is a masterpiece of the Bavarian Rococo art.
Place Stanislas, Place de la Carrière and Place d'Alliance in Nancy		FranceNancy, France 48°41′37″N 6°10′59″E	Cultural:FraNan (i), (iv)	0 —	1983	Nancy is the oldest example of a capital city built as a unified whole and on modern principles. It was built between 1752 and 1756 by the architect Héré.
Plantin-Moretus House-Workshops-Museum Complex		BelgiumAntwerp, Belgium 51°13′5.988″N 4°23′52.008″E	Cultural:BelAnt (ii), (iii), (iv), (vi)	0 —	2005	The Plantin-Moretus Museum is a printing plant and publishing house dating from the Renaissance and Baroque periods. It is named after the greatest printer-publisher of the later 16th century: Christophe Plantin. There is a large collection of old printing equipment, an extensive library, archives and works of art, among them a painting by Rubens.
Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal		United KingdomWrexham, Wales, United Kingdom 52°58′13″N 3°5′16″W	Cultural:UniWreWal (i), (ii), (iv)	&10000000000000105000000105 (260) Buffer zone: 4,145 (10,240)	2009	In north-eastern Wales, the 18 kilometres (11 mi) long Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal is a feat of civil engineering of the Industrial Revolution. The aqueduct was built in a rugged, hilly countryside without any locks. The geography required a number of engineering and construction innovations, which were used in other projects around the world. The use of both cast and wrought iron in the aqueduct allowed the construction of arches that were light and strong.
Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct)		FranceVers-Pont-du-Gard, France 43°56′50″N 4°32′7″E	Cultural:FraVer (i), (iii), (iv)	&100000000000000003300000.33 (0.82) Buffer zone: 691 (1,710)	1985	The Pont du Gard was built shortly before the Christian era in Rome. It was to allow the aqueduct of Nîmes (which is almost 50 km (31 mi) long) to cross the Gard river. The Roman architects and hydraulic engineers who designed this bridge created a technical as well as an artistic masterpiece.
Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps		AustriaAustria*, France*, Germany*, Italy*, Slovenia*, Switzerland* 47°16′42″N 8°12′27″E	Cultural:Swi (iv), (v)	&100000000000039610000003,961 (9,790)	2011	There are 111 small sites with the remains of prehistoric pile-dwelling stilt houses in and around the Alps.
Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley		FranceLascaux, France 45°3′27″N 1°10′12″E	Cultural:FraLas (i), (iii)	0 —	1979	The Vézère valley has 147 prehistoric sites dating from the Palaeolithic and 25 decorated caves. The discovery of Lascaux Cave in 1940 was of great importance. The hunting scenes show about 100 animal figures with remarkable color and detail.
Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany		GermanyGermany*, Slovakia*, Ukraine* 49°5′10″N 22°32′10″E	Natural:Ger1 (ix)	&1000000000003367000000033,670 (83,200) Buffer: 62,403 (154,200)	2007	Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathian are used to study the spread of the beech tree (Fagus sylvatica) in the Northern Hemisphere. The addition of the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany in 2011 included five forests of Slovakian and Ukranian beech forests.
Provins, Town of Medieval Fairs		FranceProvins, France 48°33′35″N 3°17′56″E	Cultural:FraPro (ii), (iv)	&10000000000000108000000108 (270) Buffer zone: 1,365 (3,370)	2001	The fortified medieval town of Provins is in the former territory of the powerful Counts of Champagne. It was a center of international trading fairs and the wool industry.
Pyrénées – Mont Perdu		FranceHautes-Pyrénées and Province of Huesca, France* Spain* 42°41′7.512″N 0°0′1.8″E	Mixed:FraHau (iii), (iv), (v), (vii), (viii)	&1000000000003063900000030,639 (75,710)	1997	This mountain landscape, which crosses the French and Spanish borders, is centred round the peak of Mount Perdu. The site includes two of Europe's largest and deepest canyons and three major cirque valleys.
Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina Landscapes		SwitzerlandGraubünden and Tirano, Italy* Switzerland* 46°29′54″N 9°50′47″E	Cultural:SwiGra (ii) (iv)	&10000000000109386000000109,386 (270,300)	2008	This brings together two historic railway lines that cross the Swiss Alps through two passes. The railways provided a rapid and easy route into many formerly isolated alpine settlements.
Rietveld Schröder House		NetherlandsUtrecht, Netherlands 52°5′7″N 5°8′50″E	Cultural:NetUtr (i), (ii)	0 —	2000	The Rietveld Schröder House in Utrecht was built in 1924. It is an example of the De Stijl group of artists and architects from the 1920s, a modernist movement in architecture.
Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St. Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier		GermanyTrier, Germany 49°45′0″N 6°37′59″E	Cultural:GerTri (i)(iii), (iv), (vi)	0 —	1986	The Roman colony at Trier was founded in the 1st century AD. It grew into a major town and became one of the capitals of the Tetrarchy at the end of the 3rd century. Many of the Roman era structures are still standing in Trier.
Roman Theatre and its Surroundings and the Triumphal Arch of Orange		FranceOrange, France 44°8′8.6″N 4°48′30.3″E	Cultural:FraOra (iii), (vi)	&100000000000000094499999.45 (23.4) Buffer zone: 232 (570)	1981	The Roman theatre of Orange is well preserved. The theatre has an intact 103 m (338 ft) facade. The Roman arch was built between A.D. 10 and 25 as a triumphal arch during the reign of Augustus.
Routes of Santiago de Compostela in France		FranceFrance 45°11′2.6″N 0°43′22.6″E	Cultural:Fra2 (ii), (iv), (vi)	0 —	1998	The site has a number of churches and hospitals that are places on the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in western Spain.
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew		United KingdomLondon, United Kingdom 51°28′55″N 0°17′38.5″E	Cultural:UniLon2 (ii), (iii), (iv)	&10000000000000132000000132 (330) Buffer zone: 350 (860)	2003	The gardens were built between the 18th to the 20th centuries. The gardens house botanic collections that have been built up over centuries.
Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans		FranceArc-et-Senans, Salins-les-Bains, France 46°56′15″N 5°52′35″E	Cultural:FraArc (i), (ii), (iv)	0 —	1982	This site has two open pan saltworks.
Saltaire		United KingdomBradford City of Bradford, United Kingdom 53°50′21″N 1°47′18″W	Cultural:UniC (ii), (iv)	&1000000000000002000000020 (49) Buffer zone: 1,078 (2,660)	2001	Saltaire, West Yorkshire, is a complete and well-preserved Victorian model industrial village from the second half of the 19th century.
Schokland and Surroundings		NetherlandsNoordoostpolder, Netherlands 52°38′19″N 5°46′18″E	Cultural:NetNoo (iii), (v)	&100000000000013060000001,306 (3,230)	1995	Schokland was a peninsula on the Zuider Zee which became an island by the 15th century. When the waters rose, it was left. However after the draining of the Zuider Zee in the 1940s, people came back to live there.
Semmering railway		AustriaGloggnitz, Simmering in Styria, Austria 47°38′55.6″N 15°49′40.7″E	Cultural:AusGlo (ii), (iv)	&10000000000000156000000156 (390) Buffer zone: 8,581 (21,200)	1998	The Semmering Railway, was built between 1848 and 1854. It covers 41 km (25 mi) of rugged mountains. The tunnels, viaducts and other works are still in use today.
Seventeenth-century canal ring area of Amsterdam inside the Singelgracht		NetherlandsAmsterdam, Netherlands 52°21′54″N 4°53′16″E	Cultural:NetAmsSev (i), (ii), (iv)	&10000000000000198000000198 (490)	2010
Skellig Michael		IrelandCounty Kerry, Ireland 51°46′18.984″N 10°32′18.996″W	Cultural:IreCou (iii), (iv)	&1000000000000002200000022 (54)	1996	The monastery at Skellig Michael, from the 7th century, is on the rocky island of Skellig Michael, some 12 km (7.5 mi) off the coast of south-west Ireland.
Speyer Cathedral		GermanySpeyer, Germany 49°19′0″N 8°26′35″E	Cultural:GerSpe (ii)	0 —	1981	The romanesque Speyer Cathedral, was founded by Conrad II in 1030.It was one of the grandest romanesque cathedrals in the Holy Roman Empire and the burial place of German emperors for almost 300 years.
St Kilda		United KingdomSt Kilda, Scotland, United Kingdom 57°49′2″N 8°34′36″W	Mixed:UniStkSco (iii), (v), (vii), (ix), (x)	&1000000000002420100000024,201 (59,800)	1986	This volcanic archipelago, off the coast of the Hebrides, has some of the highest cliffs in Europe, with large colonies of rare and endangered birds and the craggy landscape. There is evidence of over 2,000 years of human settlements despite the harsh landscape and climate.
St Mary's Cathedral and St Michael's Church at Hildesheim		GermanyHildesheim, Germany 52°9′10.008″N 9°56′38.004″E	Cultural:GerHil (i), (ii), (iii)	&100000000000000005800000.58 (1.4) Buffer zone: 158 (390)	1985	The site has two churches in Hildesheim. The Ottonian romanesque St Michael's Church was built between 1010 and 1020. The treasures of the romanesque St Mary's Cathedral make up the rest of the site.
Stoclet House		BelgiumBrussels, Belgium 50°50′6″N 4°24′58″E	Cultural:BelBru3 (i), (ii)	&100000000000000008600000.86 (2.1) Buffer zone: 25 (62)	2009	This house was built by Josef Hoffmann for the banker Adolphe Stoclet. The angular undecorated design marked a turning point in Art Nouveau movement. The house is decorated with works by Koloman Moser and Gustav Klimt.
Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites		United KingdomWiltshire, United Kingdom 51°10′44″N 1°49′31″W	Cultural:UniWil (i), (ii), (iii)	&100000000000049850000004,985 (12,320)	1986	This site has two of the most famous megalith sites in the world, Stonehenge and Avebury. Both are an arrangement of standing stones (menhirs) arranged in a pattern. It also includes several other nearby Neolithic sites.
Strasbourg – Grande île		FranceStrasbourg, France 48°34′53″N 7°43′48″E	Cultural:FraStr (i), (ii), (iv)	&1000000000000009400000094 (230)	1988	The Grande Ile (Big Island) is the historic center of the Alsatian capital and includes a number of historic buildings.
Studley Royal Park including the Ruins of Fountains Abbey		United KingdomNorth Yorkshire, United Kingdom 54°6′58″N 1°34′23″W	Cultural:UniNor (i), (iv)	0 —	1986	This site has the ruins of the Cistercian Fountains Abbey and Fountains Hall Castle along with Studley Royal Park.
Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch		SwitzerlandBern and Valais Cantons of Bern and Valais, Switzerland 46°30′0″N 8°1′59″E	Natural:SwiBer2 (vii), (viii), (ix)	&1000000000008240000000082,400 (204,000)	2007	The site includes several of the highest mountains in the Central Alps along with the largest glacier in Eurasia.
Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona		SwitzerlandGlarus, Graubunden Glarus, St. Gallen and Graubünden, Switzerland 46°55′0″N 9°15′0″E	Natural:SwiCanGla (viii)	&1000000000003285000000032,850 (81,200)	2008	The Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona in the north-eastern part of the country covers a mountainous area which has seven peaks that rise above 3,000 m (9,800 ft). The site has been a key site for the geological sciences since the 18th century.
Three Castles of Bellinzona		SwitzerlandBellinzona, Switzerland 46°11′35.304″N 9°1′20.712″E	Cultural:SwiCanTic (iv)	0 —	2000	The Bellinzona site has a group of fortifications grouped around the castle of Castelgrande. The castle stands on a rocky peak looking out over the entire Ticino valley.
Tower of London		United KingdomLondon, United Kingdom 51°30′29″N 0°4′34″E	Cultural:UniLon3 (ii), (iv)	0 —	1988	The original tower was the White Tower built by William the Conqueror in 1078 to control the recently conquerored land. The Tower of London served partly as a prison, and many important figures were held there.
Town Hall and Roland on the Marketplace of Bremen		GermanyBremen, Germany 53°4′33.5″N 8°48′26.9″E	Cultural:GerBre (iii), (iv), (vi)	&100000000000000002900000.29 (0.72) Buffer zone: 36,295 (89,690)	2004	Under the Holy Roman Empire, Bremen had extensive freedom to let the town to grow; this made the town hall a center of power. Both the old and new Town Halls survived bombings during World War II. The statue of Roland was built in 1404.
Town of Bamberg		GermanyBamberg, Germany 49°53′30″N 10°53′20″E	Cultural:GerBam (ii)(iv)	&10000000000000142000000142 (350) Buffer zone: 444 (1,100)	1993	In 1007, Bamberg became the center of a dioesce that was to help spread Christianity to the Slavs. In the 18th century it became a center of the Enlightenment when writers such as Hegel lived in the town.
Upper Middle Rhine Valley		GermanyRhineland-Palatinate, Hesse, Germany 50°10′25″N 7°41′39″E	Cultural:GerRhi (ii), (iv), (v)	&1000000000002725000000027,250 (67,300) Buffer zone: 34,680 (85,700)	2002	The Gorge is a 65 km (40 mi) part of the Middle Rhine Valley in Germany. The region has many castles, historic towns and vineyards and has been an inspirition for many writers, artists and composers.
Vézelay, Church and Hill		FranceVézelay, France 47°27′59″N 3°44′54″E	Cultural:FraVez (i), (vi)	&10000000000000183000000183 (450) Buffer zone: 18,401 (45,470)	1979	The Benedictine abbey of Vézelay has existed since the 9th century and has been an important pilgrimage site since that time. Leaders in the Third Crusade Richard the Lion-Hearted and Philip II of France met at the abbey before they left on the Crusade.
Völklingen Ironworks		GermanyVölklingen, Germany 49°14′39.984″N 6°50′59″E	Cultural:GerVöl (ii), (iv)	0 —	1994	The recently closed ironworks are the only example in western Europe and North America of an intact ironworks built in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Wachau Cultural Landscape		AustriaWachau, Austria 48°21′52″N 15°26′3″E	Cultural:AusWac (ii), (iv)	&1000000000001838700000018,387 (45,440)	2000	The Wachau is a 40 km (25 mi) long valley along the Danube river between Melk and Krems. The valley was settled in prehistoric times and is home to a number of historic towns, villages, monasteries, castles and ruins.
Wadden Sea The Wadden Sea		GermanyGermany*, Netherlands* 53°31′43″N 8°33′22″E	Natural:Ger2 (viii), (ix), (x)	&10000000000968393000000968,393 (2,392,950)	2009	The Wadden Sea has the Dutch Wadden Sea Conservation Area and the German Wadden Sea National Parks of Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein. The coast line is generally flat and has may mudflats, marshes, dunes and birds. It is a breeding ground for up to 12 millions birds annually.
Wartburg Castle		GermanyEisenach, Germany 50°58′0.4″N 10°18′25.2″E	Cultural:GerEis (iii), (vi)	0 —	1999	Wartburg Castle is on a 410 m (1230 ft) cliff above Eisenach. Martin Luther translated the New Testament into German while in exile at Wartburg.
Westminster Palace, Westminster Abbey and Saint Margaret's Church		United KingdomLondon, United Kingdom 51°29′59″N 0°7′43″E	Cultural:UniLon4 (i), (ii), (iv)	&1000000000000001000000010 (25)	1987	Westminster Palace and Westminster Abbey are important for the British royalty and government. Royalty have been crowned at the Abbey since the 11th century. The site also includes the small medieval Church of Saint Margaret.
Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square		GermanyWürzburg, Germany 49°47′34.008″N 9°56′20.004″E	Cultural:GerWür (i), (iv)	&1000000000000001500000015 (37) Buffer zone: 25 (62)	1981	The large and ornate Baroque palace was made under the patronage of the prince-bishops Lothar Franz and Friedrich Carl von Schönborn. It is one of the largest palaces in Germany.
Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex		GermanyEssen, Germany 51°29′29″N 7°2′46″E	Cultural:GerEss (ii), (iii)	0 —	2001	The Zollverein industrial complex in Nordrhein-Westfalen has all the equipment of a historic coal mine which started working about 150 years ago.

Other pages

• List of World Heritage Sites in France
• List of World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands
• List of World Heritage Sites of the United Kingdom

References