Litmus test
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Litmus is a solution of different dyes made from lichen. This is then put onto filter paper. The paper can then be used to give a rough indication of the PH value of a solution. Blue litmus paper will turn red, when acid is present; Red litmus paper will turn blue when alkalines are present. At room temperature, this usually happens for PH values between 4.5 and 8.3. Alternatively, a solution can be prepared which works the same way, but does not need the paper.
