Marie Curie
| Marie Skłodowska–Curie | |
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| Born | 7 November 1867 Warsaw, Poland |
| Died | 4 July 1934 (aged 66) Passy, France |
| Nationality | Poland |
| Fields | Physics, Chemistry |
| Institutions | University of Paris |
| Alma mater | University of Paris ESPCI |
| Doctoral advisor | Henri Becquerel |
| Doctoral students | André-Louis Debierne Óscar Moreno Marguerite Catherine Perey |
| Known for | Radioactivity |
| Notable awards | Nobel Prize in Physics (1903) Davy Medal (1903) Matteucci Medal (1904) Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1911) |
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Notes
The only person to win two Nobel Prizes in different science fields. |
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Marie Skłodowska–Curie (7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934) was a physicist and chemist. She was from Poland but lived in France. She was an expert in the field of radioactivity. She was also the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.[1] She was the first woman professor at the University of Paris as well as the first person to win two Nobel Prizes.[1] She received their Nobel Prize in physics for her research on spontaneous radiation which was discovered by Henri Becquerel.[2]
She was born with the name Maria Skłodowska in Warsaw, Poland. She lived there until she was 24. At the age of twelve, her mother died, and two years earlier, her sister Zofia died. In 1891, she followed her older sister, Bronisława, to study in Paris. In Paris, she got higher degrees. She also did her important scientific work. She founded the Curie Institutes in Paris and Warsaw. Her husband, Pierre Curie, daughter, Irène Joliot-Curie, and son-in-law, Frédéric Joliot-Curie, also won Nobel Prizes.
Curie did many great things. She created a theory of radioactivity (a term made by her and Pierre), found different ways for separating radioactive isotopes, and discovered two new elements, radium and polonium. It was also under her own direction that the world's first studies were used into the treatment of cancers. These treatments used the radioactive isotopes.
While being a French citizen, she never lost her Polish identity. She named the first new chemical element that she discovered (1898) "polonium". This was named after her home country, Poland. In 1932, she founded a radium institute in her home town, Warsaw. It was run by her sister, Bronisława.
Curie died of aplastic anemia.
References [change]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ament, Phil (1997 - 2007). "Marie Curie". The Great Idea Finder. http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventors/curie.htm. Retrieved 2010-04-20.
- ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903". nobelprize.org. 2011. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1903/. Retrieved 23 March 2011.
Other websites [change]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Marie Curie |
- 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics and 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry – Nobel committee page; presentation speech, her award lecture etc.
- The official web page of Maria Curie Skłodowska University in Lublin, Poland in English.
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