Pope Gregory XI
Gregory XI | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Papacy began | December 30, 1370 |
| Papacy ended | March 27, 1378 |
| Predecessor | Pope Urban V |
| Successor | Pope Urban VI |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Pierre Roger de Beaufort |
| Born | 1331 Limousin, France |
| Died | March 27, 1378 Rome |
| Other popes named Gregory | |
Pope Gregory XI (Latin: Gregorius Undecimus; 1331 –27 March 1378), born Pierre Roger de Beaufort, was a French cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 202nd Pope from 1370 until his death.[1]
He was the seventh and last of the popes who lived in Avignon in France.
Early life[change | change source]
Pierre Roger de Beaufort was born in 1331 in Limousin in France.[2] The Rosier or Roger family were important in Limousin in central France.[3]
Beaufort was a nephew of Pope Clement VI.[4]
Cardinal[change | change source]
Clement VI raised Beaufort to the rank of cardinal in 1348.[4]
Pope[change | change source]
Cardinal Beaufort was elected pope in 1370; and he chose to be called Gergory XI. He was ordained as a priest on January 4, 1371; and was crowned pope on the following day, January 5, 1371[4]
In 1377, Gregory XI was persuaded by Catherine of Siena to return to Rome.[5] He reestablished the papacy in Italy.[4]
Gregory is also remembered as the Pope who condemned John Wycliffe.[5]
Western Schism[change | change source]
When Gregory died on March 27, 1378, the cardinals in Rome elected an Italian-born pope named Urban VI as his successor.[4]
In Avignon, the cardinals elected a French-born pope who they named Clement VII.[4]
The Western Schism begins with the dispute between the supporters of the Italian-born pope and the French-born pope.[4]
| Popes of the Western Schism |
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 |
Related pages[change | change source]
References[change | change source]
- ↑ "List of Popes," Catholic Encyclopedia (2009); retrieved 2011-11-29.
- ↑ Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. (1838). "Gregory XI," Penny cyclopaedia, Vol. 11, p. 446.
- ↑ Arms of the Roger de Beaufort Archived 2017-03-27 at the Wayback Machine; retrieved 2011-12-1.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 "Pope Gregory XI", Catholic Encyclopedia; retrieved 2013-3-21.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Gregory XI (1329-1378)," Who's Who in Christianity; retrieved 2012-7-18.
Other websites[change | change source]
Media related to Gregorius XI at Wikimedia Commons
. Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913.- "Gregory XI", Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911
- Catholic Hierarchy, Pope Gregory XI
- Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, Cardinal Roger de Beaufort
| Preceded by Urban V |
Pope 1370–1378 |
Succeeded by Urban VI |