Propane

Propane
IUPAC name	Propane
Identifiers
CAS number	74-98-6
PubChem	6334
EC number	200-827-9
KEGG	D05625
ChEBI	CHEBI:32879
RTECS number	TX2275000
SMILES	CCC
Beilstein Reference	1730718
Gmelin Reference	25044
Properties
Molecular formula	C3H8
Molar mass	44.1 g mol-1
Appearance	Colorless gas
Odor	Odorless
Density	2.0098 mg mL−1 (at 0 °C, 101.3 kPa)
Melting point	-188 °C, 85.5 K, -306 °F
Boiling point	-42--42 °C, 230.9-231.11 K, -44--44 °F
Solubility in water	40 mg L−1 (at 0 °C)
log P	2.236
Vapor pressure	853.16 kPa (at 21.1 °C)
kH	15 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of formation ΔfHo298	−105.2–−104.2 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of combustion ΔcHo298	−2.2197–−2.2187 MJ mol−1
Specific heat capacity, C	73.60 J K−1 mol−1
Hazards
EU classification	F+
EU Index	601-003-00-5
NFPA 704	4 1 0
R-phrases	Template:R12
S-phrases	Template:S2, Template:S16
Flash point	−104 °C
Autoignition temperature	540 °C
Explosive limits	2.37–9.5%
Related compounds
Related alkanes	Ethane Ethyl iodide n-Propyl iodide Isopropyl iodide Butane Butyl iodide
Related compounds	Diiodohydroxypropane
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Propane is an alkane (a hydrocarbon). An alkane is a molecule composed of the chemical elements hydrogen and carbon. Propane has three carbon atoms and eight hydrogen atoms, so its molecular formula is C₃H₈.

It begins to burn very quickly. Its melting temperature is −187.7 °C; its boiling temperature is −42 °C; its density is 1.83 g/l.

Propane is extracted from natural gasoline or from petroleum.