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{{for|other uses|Bunker (disambiguation)}} |
{{for|other uses|Bunker (disambiguation)}} |
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A '''bunker''' is a [[military]] building for [[defense]]. They are usually built below ground. [[Blockhouse]]s are like bunkers, but are built above ground. Bunkers were of big importance during [[World War I]] and [[World War II]]. Bunkers were built during the [[Cold War]] for important political people and for the general public because of the scare of a [[nuclear war]]. |
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A '''bunker''' is a shelter made of metal or concrete used to shelter from [[bomb|bombs]] or [[shrapnel]]. They are often used in [[war]] to keep important people, like presidents, from being blown up. |
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==Types of bunkers== |
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There are many different types of bunkers: |
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===Trench=== |
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A trench is a small building made of concrete that is dug into the ground partway. These are usually parts of a big system of trenches. These kinds of bunkers give people fighting better [[wikt:protection|protection]] than an open [[trench]]. They also give top protection against air attack ([[grenade]]s, [[Mortar (weapon)|mortar fire]] and [[Shell (projectile)|shell]]s). They also provide shelter against the weather.<ref>''[http://archives.queensu.ca/wwi/warfare.html An archival look at World War I]'' (from the [[Queen's University]] Archives, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Accessed 2008-02-10.</ref> |
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===Pillbox=== |
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A pillbox is a small building made of concrete that also has small windows that people can shoot guns out of. The name came from the fact that they look like the boxes that pills came in.<ref>''[http://www.pillbox-study-group.org.uk/whypillbox.htm Why Pillbox?]'' - Hellis, John; an article from the ''Loopholes'' journal with further references. Retrieved 2007-09-08.</ref> |
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Pillboxes were used a lot during [[World War I]] when [[defense in depth]] was being used. Pillboxes are most often found [[Military camouflage|camouflaged]] so that they are harder to spot. They can also be part of a trench system, where the pillbox is a firing step that has been built to take grenade blasts and smaller mortar fire. |
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==Famous bunkers== |
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Famous bunkers include the World War II V-weapon buildings in Germany (e.g., [[Mittelwerk]], [[La Coupole]], and [[Éperlecques]]) and the Cold War buildings in the United States ([[Cheyenne Mountain]], [[Site R]], and [[The Greenbrier]]) and Canada ([[Diefenbunker]]). |
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==See also== |
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*[[Blockhouse]] |
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*[[Blast shelter]] |
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*[[Fallout shelter]] |
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*Examples of bunkers: |
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** ''[[Atlantic Wall]]'', coasts of Western Europe, built by [[Nazi Germany]] during WWII |
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** ''[[GHQ Line]]'', southern England, built by [[Great Britain]] during WWII |
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** ''[[Maginot Line]]'', eastern France, built by [[France]], pre-WWII |
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** ''[[Siegfried Line]]'', western Germany, built by Germany during WWI and again pre-WWII |
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** ''[[Taunton Stop Line]]'', southwest England, built by [[Great Britain]] during WWII |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==Other websites== |
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{{commons|Bunker}} |
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{{wiktionary}} |
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*Bunkers or bunker systems: |
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**Europe [http://www.bunkerpictures.nl/ Bunker Pictures] (images, locations and information, mainly [[Atlantikwall]], also some about [[Cold War]] structures) |
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**Europe [http://www.bunkermuzeum.hu/index_en.html WW2 bunkers in Europe] (reference website about museums and sites of WW2 pillboxes, bunkers and other defensive structures with maps and photos) |
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**Great Britain [http://www.btinternet.com/~palmiped/pillboxes/pillboxes.htm Coastal Defences North Norfolk] (image collection of WW2 coastal defences) |
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**Great Britain [http://www.pillboxesuk.co.uk Pillboxes UK] (reference website about WW2 pillboxes and other defensive structures) |
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**Great Britain [http://www.ukheritage.net/misc/pillboxes.htm UK Heritage: Pillboxes] (short article about "Miniature modern castles") |
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**Great Britain [http://www.subbrit.org.uk/rsg/index.shtml Subterranea Britannica: Cold War] (information on [[Cold War]]-era underground structures in Britain) |
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**Italy [http://www.lonesentry.com/articles/fortifications/index.html Some <nowiki>[German]</ |
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{{stub}} |
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[[Category:Buildings and structures]] |
[[Category:Buildings and structures]] |
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[[bg:Бункер]] |
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[[da:Bunker]] |
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[[de:Bunker (Bauwerk)]] |
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[[el:Οχυρό καταφύγιο]] |
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[[en:Bunker]] |
[[en:Bunker]] |
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[[es:Búnker]] |
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[[fr:Casemate]] |
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[[id:Bunker]] |
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[[it:Bunker]] |
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[[he:מוצב]] |
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[[nl:Bunker (verdedigingswerk)]] |
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[[ja:トーチカ]] |
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[[no:Bunker (bygning)]] |
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[[pl:Schron]] |
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[[pt:Bunker]] |
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[[ro:Buncăr]] |
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[[ru:Бункер]] |
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[[sl:Bunker]] |
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[[fi:Bunkkeri]] |
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[[sv:Stridsvärn]] |
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[[vi:Boong ke]] |
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[[wa:Bunker]] |
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Revision as of 17:31, 3 March 2008
A bunker is a military building for defense. They are usually built below ground. Blockhouses are like bunkers, but are built above ground. Bunkers were of big importance during World War I and World War II. Bunkers were built during the Cold War for important political people and for the general public because of the scare of a nuclear war.
Types of bunkers
There are many different types of bunkers:
Trench
A trench is a small building made of concrete that is dug into the ground partway. These are usually parts of a big system of trenches. These kinds of bunkers give people fighting better protection than an open trench. They also give top protection against air attack (grenades, mortar fire and shells). They also provide shelter against the weather.[1]
Pillbox
A pillbox is a small building made of concrete that also has small windows that people can shoot guns out of. The name came from the fact that they look like the boxes that pills came in.[2] Pillboxes were used a lot during World War I when defense in depth was being used. Pillboxes are most often found camouflaged so that they are harder to spot. They can also be part of a trench system, where the pillbox is a firing step that has been built to take grenade blasts and smaller mortar fire.
Famous bunkers
Famous bunkers include the World War II V-weapon buildings in Germany (e.g., Mittelwerk, La Coupole, and Éperlecques) and the Cold War buildings in the United States (Cheyenne Mountain, Site R, and The Greenbrier) and Canada (Diefenbunker).
See also
- Examples of bunkers:
- Atlantic Wall, coasts of Western Europe, built by Nazi Germany during WWII
- GHQ Line, southern England, built by Great Britain during WWII
- Maginot Line, eastern France, built by France, pre-WWII
- Siegfried Line, western Germany, built by Germany during WWI and again pre-WWII
- Taunton Stop Line, southwest England, built by Great Britain during WWII
References
- ↑ An archival look at World War I (from the Queen's University Archives, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Accessed 2008-02-10.
- ↑ Why Pillbox? - Hellis, John; an article from the Loopholes journal with further references. Retrieved 2007-09-08.
Other websites
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bunker.
- Bunkers or bunker systems:
- Europe Bunker Pictures (images, locations and information, mainly Atlantikwall, also some about Cold War structures)
- Europe WW2 bunkers in Europe (reference website about museums and sites of WW2 pillboxes, bunkers and other defensive structures with maps and photos)
- Great Britain Coastal Defences North Norfolk (image collection of WW2 coastal defences)
- Great Britain Pillboxes UK (reference website about WW2 pillboxes and other defensive structures)
- Great Britain UK Heritage: Pillboxes (short article about "Miniature modern castles")
- Great Britain Subterranea Britannica: Cold War (information on Cold War-era underground structures in Britain)
- Italy Some <nowiki>[German</
