Hyloscirtus
Hyloscirtus | |
---|---|
Hyloscirtus palmeri | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Anura |
Family: | Hylidae |
Subfamily: | Hylinae |
Genus: | Hyloscirtus Peters, 1882 |
Type species | |
Hylonomus bogotensis Peters, 1882
| |
Species | |
37 species (see text) | |
Synonyms[1] | |
Hyloscirtus is a genus of frogs. They are Neotropical frogs. They are in the family Hylidae.[1] Scientists stopped using this genus fora time, but they started again in 2005 after they looked at the Hylidae family again.[2] They decided to put these species in the same genus because of their DNA: They all have the same 56 transformations in nuclear and mitochondrial proteins and ribosomal genes. Of these species, 28 species had been in Hyla before 2005. These frogs have fringed skin on the toes of their front and back feet.[2]
Most of these frogs live in the hills and mountains in the Andes mountain range. They live as far south as Bolivia and as far north as Venezuela. A few species live in places near the Andes that are not hills are mountains. These places are called páramo. Two species (H. colymba and H. palmeri) live in Panama and Costa Rica. They live near streams where they lay their eggs. Some of the species in this genus are dying out. This is because humans change the places where they live, because of pollution, because humans brought new animals that eat the same food, because humans brought trout, whuch eat them, and because the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis makes them sick.[3]
The first frogs in Hyloscirtus existed 51 million years ago.[4]
Species
[change | change source]There are 37 species in this genus:[1]
- Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus (Boulenger, 1882)
- Hyloscirtus alytolylax (Duellman, 1972)
- Hyloscirtus antioquia (Rivera-Correa and Faivovich, 2013)
- Hyloscirtus armatus (Boulenger, 1902)
- Hyloscirtus bogotensis (Peters, 1882)
- Hyloscirtus callipeza (Duellman, 1989)
- Hyloscirtus caucanus (Ardila-Robayo, Ruiz-Carranza, and Roa-Trujillo, 1993)
- Hyloscirtus charazani (Vellard, 1970)
- Hyloscirtus chlorosteus (Reynolds and Foster, 1992)
- Hyloscirtus colymba (Dunn, 1931)
- Hyloscirtus condor (Almendáriz, Brito-M., Batallas-R., and Ron, 2014)
- Hyloscirtus conscientia (Yánez-Muñoz, Reyes-Puig, Batallas-R., Broaddus, Urgilés-Merchán, Cisneros-Heredia, and Guayasamin, 2021)
- Hyloscirtus criptico (Coloma, Carvajal-Endara, Dueñas, Paredes-Recalde, Morales-Mite, Almeida-Reinoso, Tapia, Hutter, Toral-Contreras, and Guayasamin, 2012)
- Hyloscirtus denticulentus (Duellman, 1972)
- Hyloscirtus diabolus (Rivera-Correa, García-Burneo, and Grant, 2016)
- Hyloscirtus hillisi (Ron, Caminer, Varela-Jaramillo, and Almeida-Reinoso, 2018)
- Hyloscirtus jahni (Rivero, 1961)
- Hyloscirtus japreria (Rojas-Runjaic, Infante-Rivero, Salerno, and Meza-Joya, 2018)
- Hyloscirtus larinopygion (Duellman, 1973)
- Hyloscirtus lascinius (Rivero, 1970)
- Hyloscirtus lindae (Duellman and Altig, 1978)
- Hyloscirtus lynchi (Ruiz-Carranza and Ardila-Robayo, 1991)
- Hyloscirtus mashpi (Guayasamin, Rivera-Correa, Arteaga-Navarro, Culebras, Bustamante, Pyron, Peñafiel, Morochz, and Hutter, 2015)
- Hyloscirtus pacha (Duellman and Hillis, 1990)
- Hyloscirtus palmeri (Boulenger, 1908)
- Hyloscirtus pantostictus (Duellman and Berger, 1982)
- Hyloscirtus phyllognathus (Melin, 1941)
- Hyloscirtus piceigularis (Ruiz-Carranza and Lynch, 1982)
- Hyloscirtus platydactylus (Boulenger, 1905)
- Hyloscirtus princecharlesi (Coloma, Carvajal-Endara, Dueñas, Paredes-Recalde, Morales-Mite, Almeida-Reinoso, Tapia, Hutter, Toral-Contreras, and Guayasamin, 2012)[5]
- Hyloscirtus psarolaimus (Duellman and Hillis, 1990)
- Hyloscirtus ptychodactylus (Duellman and Hillis, 1990)
- Hyloscirtus sarampiona (Ruiz-Carranza and Lynch, 1982)
- Hyloscirtus sethmacfarlanei (Reyes-Puig, Recalde, Recalde, Koch, Guayasamin, Cisneros-Heredia, Jost, and Yánez-Muñoz, 2022)
- Hyloscirtus simmonsi (Duellman, 1989)
- Hyloscirtus staufferorum (Duellman and Coloma, 1993)
- Hyloscirtus tapichalaca (Kizirian, Coloma, and Paredes-Recalde, 2003)
- Hyloscirtus tigrinus (Mueses-Cisneros and Anganoy-Criollo, 2008)
- Hyloscirtus tolkieni (Sánchez-Nivicela, Falcón-Reibán, and Cisneros-Heredia, 2023)
- Hyloscirtus torrenticola (Duellman and Altig, 1978)
AmphibiaWeb also lists Hyloscirtus estevesi as its own species[6] but the Amphibian Species of World[1] following Barrio-Amorós and colleagues (2019) says it is the same frog as Hyloscirtus jahni.[7]
References
[change | change source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Frost, Darrel R. (2019). "Hyloscirtus Peters, 1882". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Faivovich, Julián; Haddad, Célio F.B.; Garcia, Paulo C.A.; Frost, Darrel R.; Campbell, Jonathan A. & Wheeler, Ward C. (2005). "Systematic review of the frog family Hylidae, with special reference to Hylinae: phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 294: 1–240. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2005)294[0001:SROTFF]2.0.CO;2. hdl:2246/462. S2CID 83925199.
- ↑ Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani and Young, editors (2008). Threatened Amphibians of the World, pp. 249–252. ISBN 978-84-96553-41-5
- ↑ Coloma LA, Carvajal-Endara S, Duenas JF, Paredes-Recalde A, Morales-Mite M, Almeida-Reinoso D, Tapia EE, Hutter CR, Toral E, Guaysamin JM (2012). "Molecular phylogenetics of stream treefrogs of the Hyloscirtus larinopygion group (Anura: Hylidae) and description of two new species from Ecuador". Zootaxa (Abstract). 3364: 1–78. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3364.1.1.
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Coloma, Luis A; et al. (2012). "Molecular phylogenetics of stream treefrogs of the Hyloscirtus larinopygion group (Anura: Hylidae), and description of two new species from Ecuador". Zootaxa. 3364: 1–78. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3364.1.1.
- ↑ "Hylidae". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2019. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- ↑ Barrio-Amorós, C. L.; Rojas-Runjaic, F. J. M. & Señaris, J. C. (2019). "Catalogue of the amphibians of Venezuela: Illustrated and annotated species list, distribution, and conservation" (PDF). Amphibian and Reptile Conservation. 13 (1): 1–198. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-08-01.