Kingdom of Jerusalem

Kingdom of Jerusalem
*Regnum Hierosolymitanum* (Latin)
*Roiaume de Jherusalem* (French)
Kingdom of Jerusalem Regnum Hierosolymitanum (Latin); Roiaume de Jherusalem (French);
1099–1187; 1192–1291
	Royal Banner of Jerusalem Coat of arms
	Map of the Outremer, or Crusader States.
Capital	Jerusalem (1099–1187); Acre (1191–1291);
Official languages	Latin; Old French (lingua franca)
Religion	Roman Catholicism; Islam; Judaism
Government	Feudal monarchy
King of Jerusalem
• 1099–1100 (First)	Godfrey of Bouillon
• 1285–91 (Last)	Henry II
Historical era	High Middle Ages
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Jund Filastin
	Jund al-Urdunn
Ayyubid dynasty
Mamluk Sultanate

The Kingdom of Jerusalem^[a] was one of the Crusader kingdoms founded following the First Crusade by Godfrey of Bouillon.^[2] It was the longest standing crusader state in the Levant. It began with the rising of Godfrey of Bouillon in 1099 until the Fall of Acre in 1291.

History

The original kingdom stood from 1099 to 1187 before temporary takeover by the Ayyubids. The kingdom was recreated in 1192 after the Third Crusade in Acre.^[3] The capital of the Kingdom of Jerusalem was moved from Jerusalem to Acre, though Jerusalem was partly controlled in the Sixth Crusade.^[4]^[5]

Crusaders who ended up in Jerusalem were mostly French who spoke Old French – the region's lingua franca.^[6] Most residents in the kingdom were native to the Levant, while many Europeans settled in the kingdom.

Related pages

Rhineland massacres

Footnotes

↑ Also called the Crusader Kingdom

References

↑ Tyerman, Christopher (2019). The World of the Crusades. Yale University Press. p. 267. ISBN 978-0-300-21739-1.
↑ Tyerman, Christopher (2006). God's War: A New History of the Crusades. Penguin.
↑ Edbury, Peter W. (1991). The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades, 1191-1374. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
↑ Tyerman 2006, pp. 725–726.
↑ Riley-Smith, The Crusades: A History, 2nd ed., pp. 180–182.
↑ Arteaga, Deborah L. (2012-11-02). Research on Old French: The State of the Art. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 206. ISBN 9789400747685.

[2] Also called the Crusader Kingdom

[1] Tyerman, Christopher (2019). The World of the Crusades. Yale University Press. p. 267. ISBN 978-0-300-21739-1.

[3] Tyerman, Christopher (2006). God's War: A New History of the Crusades. Penguin.

[4] Edbury, Peter W. (1991). The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades, 1191-1374. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

[FOOTNOTETyerman2006725–726-5] Tyerman 2006, pp. 725–726.

[6] Riley-Smith, The Crusades: A History, 2nd ed., pp. 180–182.

[7] Arteaga, Deborah L. (2012-11-02). Research on Old French: The State of the Art. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 206. ISBN 9789400747685.

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