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Marne (department)

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Marne
Department
Prefecture of the Marne department
Prefecture building of the Marne department, in Châlons-en-Champagne
Flag of Marne
Flag
Coat of arms of Marne
Coat of arms
Location of Marne in France
Location of Marne in France
Coordinates: 49°00′N 04°15′E / 49.000°N 4.250°E / 49.000; 4.250
CountryFrance
RegionGrand Est
Département4 March 1790
PrefectureChâlons-en-Champagne
SubprefecturesÉpernay, Reims, Vitry-le-François
Government
[1]
 • PresidentRené-Paul Savary
Area
[2]
 • Total8,161.6 km2 (3,151.2 sq mi)
Population
 (2014)[2]
 • Total570,817
 • Density70/km2 (180/sq mi)
DemonymMarnais
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeFR-51
Arrondissements4
Cantons23
Communes613
WebsiteMarne Council

Marne is a department in northeastern France named after the river Marne which flows through the department. The prefecture (capital) of Marne is Châlons-en-Champagne (formerly known as Châlons-sur-Marne).

The Champagne vineyards producing the world-famous sparkling wine are located within Marne.

History

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Marne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with Châlons-sur-Marne as is capital. It was formed with part of the former province of Champagne.[3]

It was divided in six districts: Châlons-sur-Marne, Reims, Épernay, Sézanne, Sainte-Menehould and Vitry-le-François.

In 1800, with the creation of the arrondissements in France, the six districts were changed into five arrondissements: Châlons-sur-Marne, Épernay, Reims, Sainte-Menehould and Vitry-le-François.[3]

After the Battle of Waterloo (18 June 1815), the department was occupied by the Austrian army from June 1815 to November 1818.

On 10 September 1926, the arrondissement of Sainte-Menehould was eliminated but in 1940 Sainte-Menehould was made again an arrondissement.[3]

In 1995, the name of Châlons-sur-Marne was changed to Châlons-en-Champagne but it was rejected in 1997. But, finally, this change was accepted in 1998.

Geography

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The Marne department is in the Grand Est region after being part of the Champagne-Ardenne region till 2016. It is surrounded by 6 departments in 3 regions:

Marne has an area of 8,161.6 km2 (3,151 sq mi),[2] the 7th largest department of the Metropolitan France. The department is 116 km (72 mi) long from Villeneuve-la-Lionne to Trois-Fontaines-l'Abbaye, and 97 km (60 mi) wide from Cormicy to Clesles.

Vineyard in Cramant.

There are three geographic regions in the department:

  1. The Champagne crayeuse in the centre of the department; it is a plain where cereals are grown.
  2. A region with low hills in the eastern part of the department.
  3. Champagne vineyards, in the western part of the deparment. Here is the Montagne de Reims ("Mountain of Reims") where are the highest points of the department in the forests of the Verzey commune; several hills are 286 m (938 ft) high (49°8′19″N 04°9′12″E / 49.13861°N 4.15333°E / 49.13861; 4.15333 (Foret Domaniale de Verzey)).[4]

The Marne river flows through the department from the southeast to the west.

Climate

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This area is characterized by climates with few extremes of temperature. The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Châlons-en-Champagne is a "Marine West Coast Climate" and of the subtype "Cfb".[5]

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Châlons-en-Champagne is 627.4 mm (24.7 in). The month with the most precipitation on average is July with 61 mm (2.4 in) of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of 40.6 mm (1.6 in).

The average temperature for the year in Châlons-en-Champagne is 10 °C (50 °F). The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 20 °C (68 °F). The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 0 °C (32 °F)

Administration

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Marne is managed by the Departmental Council of Marne in Châlons-en-Champagne. The department is part of the Grand Est region.

Administrative divisions

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There are 4 arrondissements (districts), 23 cantons and 613 communes (municipalities) in Marne.[6]


Arrondissements of Marne
INSEE
code		ArrondissementCapitalPopulation[7]
(2014)		Area[7]
(km²)		Density
(Inh./km²)		Communes
511Châlons-en-ChampagneChâlons-en-Champagne103,1101,778.358.0150
512ÉpernayÉpernay109,7712,332.747.1208
513ReimsReims296,3741,525.7194.3143
514Vitry-le-FrançoisVitry-le-François47,7411,503.631.8110


The following is a list of the 23 cantons of the Marne department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:[8]

  1. Argonne Suippe et Vesle (5101)
  2. Bourgogne (5102)
  3. Châlons-en-Champagne-1 (5103)
  4. Châlons-en-Champagne-2 (5104)
  5. Châlons-en-Champagne-3 (5105)
  6. Dormans-Paysages de Champagne (5106)
  7. Épernay-1 (5107)
  8. Épernay-2 (5108)
  9. Fismes-Montagne de Reims (5109)
  10. Mourmelon-Vesle et Monts de Champagne (5110)
  11. Reims-1 (5111)
  12. Reims-2 (5112)
  13. Reims-3 (5113)
  14. Reims-4 (5114)
  15. Reims-5 (5115)
  16. Reims-6 (5116)
  17. Reims-7 (5117)
  18. Reims-8 (5118)
  19. Reims-9 (5119)
  20. Sermaize-les-Bains (5120)
  21. Sézanne-Brie et Champagne (5121)
  22. Vertus-Plaine Champenoise (5122)
  23. Vitry-le-François-Champagne et Der (5123)

Demographics

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The inhabitants of the Marne department are known, in French, as Marnais (women: Marnaises),[9]

Marne had a population, in 2014, of 570,817,[2] for a population density of 69.9 inhabitants/km2. The arrondissement of Reims, with 296,374 inhabitants, is the arrondissement with more inhabitants.[7]


Evolution of the population in Marne


The 10 communes with more inhabitants in the Marne department are:[10]

City Population
(2014)		 Arrondissement
Reims183,042Reims
Châlons-en-Champagne45,002Châlons-en-Champagne
Épernay23,176Épernay
Vitry-le-François13,144Vitry-le-François
Tinqueux10,096Reims
Bétheny6,473Reims
Cormontreuil6,210Reims
Aÿ-Champagne5,795Épernay
Saint-Memmie5,583Châlons-en-Champagne
Mourmelon-le-Grand5,379Châlons-en-Champagne


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References

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  1. ↑ "Président du Conseil départemental" (in French). La Marne rn ligne. Archived from the original on 21 June 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Département de la Marne (51)". Comparateur de territoire (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  3. 1 2 3 "Historique de la Marne". Le SPLAF (in French). Retrieved 4 December 2016.
  4. ↑ "Foret Domaniale de Verzey, France". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  5. ↑ "Chalons-sur-Marne, France - Köppen Climate Classification". Weatherbase. Archived from the original on 13 September 2015. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  6. ↑ "Département de la Marne (51)". Géographie administrative et d'étude (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
  7. 1 2 3 "Département de la Marne (51) et Arrondissements". Comparateur de territoire (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
  8. ↑ "Décret n° 2014-208 du 21 février 2014 portant délimitation des cantons dans le département de la Marne" (in French). Légifrance.gouv.fr. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  9. ↑ "Habitants du départment: Marne (51)" (in French). habitants.fr. Archived from the original on 16 July 2016. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  10. ↑ "Régions, départements, arrondissements, cantons et communes" (PDF). Populations légales 2014 (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 12 July 2017.

Other websites

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