Occitan language
| Occitan | |
|---|---|
| occitan, lenga d'òc, provençal | |
| Native to | France, Spain, Italy, Monaco |
Native speakers | estimates range from 100,000 to 800,000 (2007–2012)[1][2] |
Early form | |
| Dialects |
|
| Official status | |
Official language in | Catalonia (Spain) |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Regulated by | Conselh de la Lenga Occitana;[4] Congrès Permanent de la Lenga Occitana;[5] Institut d'Estudis Aranesi[6] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | oc |
| ISO 639-2 | oci |
| ISO 639-3 | oci – inclusive codeIndividual code: sdt – (Judeo-Occitan) |
| Glottolog | occi1239[7] |
| Linguasphere | 51-AAA-g & 51-AAA-f |
 | |
 various dialects of Occitan | |
Occitan (English: /ˈɒksɪˌtæn/;[8] French pronunciation: [ɔk.si'tɑ̃]; Occitan: [utsiˈta]),[9] known also as Lenga d'òc by its native speakers (Occitan: [ˈleŋɡɔ ˈðɔ(k)]; French: Langue d'oc), is a Romance language spoken in southern France, Italy's Occitan Valleys, Monaco, and Catalonia's Val d'Aran: the regions sometimes known unofficially as Occitania.
The Occitan language took a different path from Latin than any of the official languages in the countries mentioned above. It is sometimes called Lenga d'òc (language of "Oc", French: Langue d'oc) because the word for yes is òc, as opposed to oil (oui) or sì in other languages. Latin had no word for yes, and this is one way to distinguish among Romance languages.
Dialects[change | change source]
The dialects of Occitan are:
- Alpine (also named Vivaro-Alpine or Provençal Alpine)
- Auvergnat
- Gascon (including Aranese spoken in Val d'Aran, Catalonia, Spain)
- Languedocien
- Limousin
- Provençal
Some of these dialect names were used in the past to name the whole language (Provençal, Limousin, Gascon).
Sources[change | change source]
- ↑ Fabrice BERNISSAN (2012). "Combien l'occitan compte de locuteurs en 2012 ?", Revue de Linguistique Romane, 76 (12/2011-07/2012), pp. 467-512
- ↑ « De fait, le nombre des locuteurs de l’occitan a pu être estimé par l’INED dans un premier temps à 526 000 personnes, puis à 789 000, » ("In fact, the number of occitan speakers was estimated by the French Demographics Institute at 526,000 people, then 789,000") Philippe Martel, "Qui parle occitan ?" in Langues et cité n°10, December 2007.
- ↑ Norme in materia di tutela delle minoranze linguistiche storiche, Italian parliament
- ↑ CLO's statements in Lingüistica Occitana (online review of Occitan linguistics).[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "Page d'accueil". Région Nouvelle-Aquitaine - Aquitaine Limousin Poitou-Charentes.
- ↑ "Reconeishença der Institut d'Estudis Aranesi coma academia e autoritat lingüistica der occitan, aranés en Aran - Conselh Generau d'Aran". www.conselharan.org.
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Occitan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, 7th edition, 2005.
- ↑ Regional pronunciations: occitan = [u(t)siˈtaⁿ, u(t)siˈtɔ, ukʃiˈtɔ].
Other websites[change | change source]
- Dictionary (written in Occitan)
- Ethnologue report page for language with code OCI (Occitan)
- English-Occitan lexicon
- Orbilat.com, Overview and grammar of Occitan
- Occitanet.free.fr, a guide to the language
- (French) Ostaldoccitania.net The house of occitan associations of Toulouse
- (French) Eonet.ne, "LexRomEdic", Electronic version of Lexique Roman of Rainouard (A provisional version is available).
