Potassium cyanide

Potassium cyanide
Names
	IUPAC name Potassium cyanide
Identifiers
CAS Number	151-50-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:33191 ;
ChemSpider	8681 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.005.267
EC Number	205-792-3;
PubChem CID	9032;
RTECS number	TS8750000;
UNII	MQD255M2ZO ;
UN number	1680
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID0024268 ;
	SMILES [K+].[C-]#N;
Properties
Chemical formula	KCN
Molar mass	65.12 g/mol
Appearance	White crystalline solid ; deliquescent
Odor	faint, bitter almond-like
Density	1.52 g/cm3
Melting point	634.5 °C (1,174.1 °F; 907.6 K)
Boiling point	1,625 °C (2,957 °F; 1,898 K)
Solubility in water	71.6 g/100 ml (25 °C) ; 100 g/100 ml (100 °C)
Solubility in methanol	4.91 g/100 ml (20 °C)
Solubility in glycerol	soluble
Solubility in formamide	14.6 g/100 ml
Solubility in ethanol	0.57 g/100 ml
Solubility in hydroxylamine	41 g/100 ml
Acidity (pKa)	11.0
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−37.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.410
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of; formation ΔfHo298	−131.5 kJ/mol
Standard molar; entropy So298	127.8 J K−1 mol−1
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms	Template:GHS05Template:GHS06Template:GHS08Template:GHS09
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H290, H300, H310, H330, H370, H372, H410
Precautionary statements	P260, P264, P273, P280, P284, P301+P310
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	5 mg/kg (oral, rabbit); 10 mg/kg (oral, rat); 5 mg/kg (oral, rat); 8.5 mg/kg (oral, mouse)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 5 mg/m3
REL (Recommended)	C 5 mg/m3 (4.7 ppm) [10-minute]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	25 mg/m3
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0671
Related compounds
Other anions	Potassium cyanate; Potassium thiocyanate
Other cations	Sodium cyanide; Rubidium cyanide; lithium cyanide; caesium cyanide
Related compounds	Hydrogen cyanide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

Potassium cyanide is a compound with the formula KCN. It is a colorless salt that looks like sugar and is very soluble in water. Most KCN is used to make potassium gold cyanide for gold mining and electroplating, or as a source of cyanide for organic synthesis. They could also be used in jewellery for chemical gilding and buffing.^[2] Potassium cyanide is highly toxic, and a dose of 200 to 300 milligrams will kill nearly any human.^[3]

References

↑ "Cyanides (as CN)". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
↑ Gail, Ernst; Gos, Stephen; Kulzer, Rupprecht; Lorösch, Jürgen; Rubo, Andreas; Sauer, Manfred; Kellens, Raf; Reddy, Jay; Steier, Norbert; Hasenpusch, Wolfgang (2011). "Cyano Compounds, Inorganic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a08_159.pub3. ISBN 978-3-527-30385-4.
↑ "Potassium Cyanide | Cameo Chemicals | NOAA".

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[1] "Cyanides (as CN)". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

[Ullmann-2] Gail, Ernst; Gos, Stephen; Kulzer, Rupprecht; Lorösch, Jürgen; Rubo, Andreas; Sauer, Manfred; Kellens, Raf; Reddy, Jay; Steier, Norbert; Hasenpusch, Wolfgang (2011). "Cyano Compounds, Inorganic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a08_159.pub3. ISBN 978-3-527-30385-4.

[3] "Potassium Cyanide | Cameo Chemicals | NOAA".

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