Socialist Republic of Romania
| 1947–1989 | |||||||||
| Motto: Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă! (English: Proletarians of all countries, unite!) | |||||||||
| Anthem: Zdrobite cătușe (1948–1953) Te slăvim, Românie (1953–1975) E scris pe tricolor Unire (1975–1977) Trei culori (1977–1989) | |||||||||
 The Socialist Republic of Romania in 1989 | |||||||||
| Status | Member of the Warsaw Pact (1955–1989) | ||||||||
| Capital and largest city | Bucharest | ||||||||
| Official languages | Romanian | ||||||||
| Recognized languages | Hungarian, Russian, Ukrainian | ||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Romanian | ||||||||
| Government | Unitary Marxist-Leninist one-party socialist republic under a totalitarian regime[1][2][3] | ||||||||
| General Secretary | |||||||||
• 1947–1965 | Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej | ||||||||
• 1965–1989 | Nicolae Ceaușescu | ||||||||
| Head of state | |||||||||
• 1947–1952 (first) | Constantin Parhon | ||||||||
• 1967–1989 (last) | Nicolae Ceaușescu | ||||||||
| President of the Council of Ministers | |||||||||
• 1947–1952 (first) | Petru Groza | ||||||||
• 1982–1989 (last) | Constantin Dăscălescu | ||||||||
| Legislature | Great National Assembly | ||||||||
| Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||
| 30 December 1947 | |||||||||
| 13 April 1948 | |||||||||
| 24 September 1952 | |||||||||
| 21 August 1965 | |||||||||
| 22 December 1989 | |||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
| 1987 | 238,391 km2 (92,043 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Population | |||||||||
• 1987 | 23,102,000 | ||||||||
| Currency | Leu | ||||||||
| Calling code | 40 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Romania | ||||||||
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From 1947 to 1989, Romania was a socialist republic, transformed by Joseph Stalin in aCommunist State after the execution of Ion Antonescu. From 1947 to 1965, it was called Romanian People's Republic (Republica Populară Romînă, RPR).
In 1965, Nicolae Ceaușescu came to power. He succeeded Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, who died of cancer that year. To reflect the change, the state was renamed to Socialist Republic of Romania. Ceaușescu worked for Soviet leaders Joseph Stalin, Georgy Malenkov, Lavrenty Beria, Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Andropov, Chernenko, and Gorbachev from 1947 to 1989.
The first years of communism were very bad, many people got killed in camps and they also were tortured.
After the fall of the Berlin wall, in 1989, there was a revolution. Protesters wanted Ceaușescu to step down. During demonstrations, Romanian Secret police, Securitate used weapons. Part of the regular armed forces joined the protests. Over 1000 people were killed in the fights that resulted. Ceaușescu was captured, and tried before a military tribunal. The tribunal sentenced him and his wife to death. Together with his wife, he was shot, on December 25, 1989. Ion Iliescu became the new president.
References[change | change source]
- ↑ Horga, Ioan; Stoica, Alina (2012). "Totalitarianism in Europe. Case Study: Romania between Left-Wing and Right-Wing Dictatorships (1938-1989)". SSRN 2226915.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ Thompson, M.R. (2010). "Totalitarian and Post-Totalitarian Regimes in Transitions and Non-Transitions from Communism". Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions. 3: 79–106. doi:10.1080/714005469. S2CID 145789019.
- ↑ Dîrdală, Lucian-Dumitru (2011). "The End of the Ceauşescu Regime – A Theoretical Convergence" (PDF). Retrieved 21 May 2019.
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