September 30

September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 92 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

Up to 1950

489 – Battle of Verona: The Ostrogoths under King Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time in Verona, present–day Northern Italy.
1061 – Pope Alexander II is elected.
1399 – Henry IV is proclaimed King of England.
1512 – A rock avalanche buries most of the town of Biasca in Ticino, in the Italian–speaking part of Switzerland. Hundreds of people are killed.
1744 – France and Spain defeat the Kingdom of Sardinia at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo.
1791 – First performance of The Magic Flute: This is the last opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart to have its premiere.
1791 – The National Constituent Assembly in Paris is dissolved; Parisians hail Maximilien Robespierre and Jerome Petion as 'incorruptible patriots'.
1813 – Battle of Bárbula: Simón Bolívar defeats Santiago Bobadilla.
1860 – The UK's first tram service begins in Birkenhead, Merseyside.
1867 – The US takes control of the Midway Islands in the Pacific Ocean.
1882 – The world's first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation on the Fox River in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States.
1885 – Bechuanaland, in present–day Botswana, becomes a British Protectorate.
1888 – Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.
1895 – Madagascar becomes a French protectorate.
1906 – Real Academia Galega, Galician language biggest linguistic authority starts working in Havana.
1907 – Opening of the McKinley National Memorial in Canton, Ohio. It is the final resting place of US President William McKinley and his family.
1911 – The dam of the Austin Reservoir in Pennsylvania bursts, killing 78 people.
1915 – A Serbian army private becomes the first soldier in history to shoot down an enemy aircraft with ground–to–air fire.
1927 – Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a single season.
1935 – The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
1935 – "The Adventures of Dick Tracy" is first heard on the Mutual Radio Network.
1938 – The Munich Pact is signed.
1938 – The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".
1939 – General Władysław Sikorski becomes commander-in-chief of the Polish Government in exile.
1941 – Holocaust: The Nazis complete the Babi Yar massacre in Ukraine, in which thousands of people are killed.
1945 – The Bourne End rail crash in Hertfordshire, England, kills 43 people.
1947 – The Islamic Republic of Pakistan joined the United Nations.
1947 – Baseball: The World Series, featuring New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers, is televised for the first time.
1949 – The Berlin Airlift ends.
1950 – Korean War: South Korean troops cross the 38th Parallel for the first time.

1951 – 2000

1953 – On board the bathyscaphe Trieste, Auguste Piccard and Jacques Piccard travel to a depth 3,150 meters below the surface of the sea, which at that time had been the deepest point anyone had travelled.
1954 – The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world's first nuclear reactor powered vessel.
1955 – James Dean dies in a car crash.
1960 – The last episode of The Howdy Doody Show airs on NBC.
1960 – The first episode of The Flintstones is shown on television.
1962 – Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the United Farm Workers.
1962 – James Meredith enters the University of Mississippi, defying segregation.
1962 – Last episodes of Suspense and Yours Truly, Johnny Dollar broadcast on CBS Radio, marking the end of The Golden Age of Radio.
1965 – Civil unrest follows a failed coup attempt by Indonesia Communist Party (PKI). More than a million people died.
1966 – The British protectorate of Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana. Seretse Khama takes office as the first President.
1967 – BBC Radio 1 is launched; the BBC's other national radio stations also adopt numeric names. Tony Blackburn presents the first show.
1967 – Ceylon Broadcasting Corporation is launched in Colombo; the station was formerly known as Radio Ceylon.
1968 – The Boeing 747 is rolled out and shown to the public for the first time.
1970 – Jordan makes a deal with the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson's Field hijackings.
1972 – Baseball: Roberto Clemente has the 3,000th hit of his career.
1975 – The Hughes (later McDonnell-Douglas, now Boeing) AH-64 Apache makes its first flight.
1976 – Muhammad Ali defends his Heavyweight Boxing Title, against Ken Norton.
1979 – Niki Lauda retires from Formula One racing.
1980 – Ethernet specifications published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.
1982 – Cyanide–laced Tylenol kills six people in the Chicago area. Seven were killed in all. The incident is known as the Tylenol scare.
1982 – The TV sitcom Cheers premieres.
1986 – Mordechai Vanunu, who revealed Israel's covert nuclear programme to British media, is kidnapped in Rome by the Israeli Mossad.
1989 – Foreign Minister of West Germany Hans-Dietrich Genscher's speech from the balcony of the German embassy in Prague.
1991 – President Jean-Bertrand Aristide of Haiti is forced from office.
1993 – An earthquake hits India's Latur and Osmanabad district of Marathwada (Aurangabad division) in Maharashtra state leaving tens of thousands of people dead and many more homeless.
1997 – Origin Systems Inc. releases Ultima Online, a massively multiplayer game, opening the door for a new video gaming genre.
1999 – Japan's then–worst nuclear accident occurs at a uranium reprocessing facility in Tokai-mura, northeast of Tokyo. Workers overload a container with uranium, exposing workers and local residents to very high radiation levels.

From 2001

2004 – AIM-54 Phoenix which became the primary missile for the Northrop Grumman F-14 Tomcat retired from U.S. Navy.
2004 – The first images of a live giant squid in its natural habitat is taken 600 miles south of Tokyo.
2005 – The Parliament of Catalonia passes with 120 plus votes and 15 against, the Project of New Catalan Statute of Autonomy, proclaiming in its article 1, "Catalonia is a nation".
2005 – The controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten.
2009 – A magnitude 7.6 earthquake strikes western Sumatra, killing over 1,000 people.
2010 – In Ecuador, police officers, supported by parts of the army, attempt a failed coup against President Rafael Correa.
2012 – British entertainer Jimmy Savile, who had died in October 2011, is revealed to have carried out sexual abuses over a period of decades.
2012 – Europe wins the Ryder Cup golf tournament, with a comeback against the United States from 10–6 behind to win 14.5 to 13.5.
2013 – Pope Francis announces that Pope John Paul II is to become a saint in April 2014, nine years after his death.
2022 – Vladimir Putin pronounces the Annexation of Southern and Eastern Ukraine.

Births

Up to 1900

1207 – Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, Persian mystic and poet (d. 1273).
1227 – Pope Nicholas IV (d. 1292).
1530 – Geronimo Mercuriali, Italian philologist (d. 1606).
1550 – Michael Maestlin, German mathematician (d. 1631).
1689 – Jacques Aubert, French composer and violinist (d. 1753).
1710 – John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, British statesman (d. 1771).
1710 – Stanislaw Konarski, Polish monk, poet and playwright (d. 1773).
1715 – Etienne Bonnot de Condillac, French philosopher (d. 1780).
1732 – Jacques Necker, Swiss–French politician (d. 1804).
1743 – Christian Ehregott Weinlig, German composer (d. 1813).
1765 – José Maria Morelos, Mexican revolutionary (d. 1815).
1800 – Decimus Burton, English architect (d. 1881).
1811 – Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Queen of Prussia and Empress of Germany (d. 1890).
1813 – John Rae, Orcadian physician and explorer of the Canadian Arctic (d. 1893)
1827 – Ellis H. Roberts, American politician (d. 1918).
1832 – Ann Jarvis, American labor activist (d. 1905).
1833 – Ferdinand von Saar, Austrian writer (d. 1906).
1836 – Remigio Morales Bermúdez, President of Peru (d. 1894).
1848 – Robert Walker Macbeth, Scottish painter (d. 1910).
1852 – Charles Villiers Stanford, Irish composer, conductor and educator (d. 1924)
1859 – George Henry Slight, Scottish engineer, creator of the Chilean lighthouse service (d. 1934)
1861 – William Wrigley, Jr., American industrialist (d. 1932).
1868 – José Serrato, 24th President of Uruguay (d. 1960).
1870 – Jean Baptiste Perrin, French physicist (d. 1942).
1882 – Hans Geiger, German physicist (d. 1945).
1883 – Nora Stanton Blatch Barney, British–born American engineer, architect and Women's Rights activist (d. 1945).
1883 – Bernhard Rust, Nazi education minister (d. 1945).
1887 – Lil Dagover, Dutch–born actress (d. 1980).
1891 – Otto Schmidt, Russian politician, mathematician, geophysicist and Arctic explorer (d. 1956).
1895 – Lewis Milestone, Russian–born movie director (d. 1980).
1897 – Gaspar Cassado, Spanish cellist and composer (d. 1966).
1898 – Princess Charlotte of Monaco (d. 1977).

1901 – 1950

1902 – Ryuzo Shimizu, Japanese footballer (date of death unknown).
1904 – Waldo Williams, Welsh poet (d. 1971).
1905 – Nevill Francis Mott, English physicist (d. 1996).
1905 – Michael Powell, British screenwriter, movie director and producer (d. 1990).
1906 – Mireille Hartuch, French singer, composer and actress (d. 1996).
1908 – David Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist (d. 1974).
1910 – Jussi Kekkonen, Finnish military officer (d. 1962).
1912 – Kenny Baker, American singer and actor (d. 1985).
1913 – Bill Walsh, American movie producer and writer (d. 1975).
1914 – Baby Ray, American football player (d. 1986).
1915 – Lester Maddox, American politician, Governor of Georgia (d. 2003).
1916 – Richard K. Guy, British mathematician
1917 – Yuri Lyubimov, Russian stage actor and director (d. 2014).
1917 – Pak Chong Hui, President of South Korea (d. 1979).
1917 – Buddy Rich, American big band jazz drummer (d. 1987).
1918 – René Rémond, French historian and economist (d. 2007).
1918 – Giovanni Canestri, Italian cardinal (d. 2015).
1919 – William L. Guy, 26th Governor of North Dakota (d. 2013).
1920 – Eileen Chang, Chinese writer (d. 1995).
1921 – Deborah Kerr, Scottish actress (d. 2007).
1921 – Stanislaw Nagy, Polish cardinal (d. 2013).
1922 – Oscar Pettiford, American jazz musician and composer (d. 1960).
1924 – Truman Capote, American writer (d. 1984).
1926 – Heino Kruus, Estonian basketball player and coach (d. 2012).
1927 – Hossein Dehlavi, Iranian composer (d. 2019).
1927 – W. S. Merwin, American poet (d. 2019).
1928 – Elie Wiesel, Romanian–born Holocaust survivor, activist and writer, Nobel Peace Prize winner (d. 2016).
1928 – Takeshi Inoue, Japanese footballer (d. 1992).
1929 – Helen M. Marshall, American politician (d. 2017).
1931 – Angie Dickinson, American actress.
1931 – Teresa Gorman, English politician (d. 2015).
1932 – Shintaro Ishihara, Japanese writer and politician.
1932 – Anthony Hawkins, Australian actor.
1933 – Michel Aoun, President of Lebanon.
1933 – Cissy Houston, American singer.
1934 – Marco Dezzi Bardeschi, Italian architect (d. 2018).
1934 – Udo Jürgens, Austrian singer (d. 2014).
1934 – Anna Kashfi, Indian–born actress (d. 2015).
1935 – Johnny Mathis, American singer.
1936 – Jim Sasser, 6th United States Ambassador to the People's Republic of China.
1939 – Jean-Marie Lehn, French chemist.
1940 – Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, English politician.
1941 – Kamalesh Sharma, 5th Secretary–General of the Commonwealth of Nations.
1942 – Frankie Lymon, American rock and roll musician (d. 1968).
1943 – Johann Deisenhofer, German chemist.
1943 – Ian Ogilvy, English actor.
1944 – Jimmy Johnstone, Scottish footballer (d. 2006).
1945 – Ehud Olmert, Israeli politician, former Prime Minister of Israel.
1945 – José Manuel Fuente, Spanish cyclist (d. 1996).
1946 – Fran Brill, American actress, singer and puppeteer.
1946 – Claude Vorilhon, French journalist.
1946 – Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican salsa singer (d. 1993).
1947 – Marc Bolan, English rock musician (d. 1977).
1947 – Rula Lenska, English actress.
1950 – Laura Esquivel, Mexican author.

1951 – 1975

1951 – Barry Marshall, Australian physician.
1951 – Simon White, English astrophysicist and academic.
1952 – John Lombardo, American singer-songwriter and guitarist.
1954 – Mitch Lewis, Canadian multi–instrumentalist
1954 – Basia, Polish singer-songwriter.
1955 – Andy Bechtolsheim, German engineer, co–founder of Sun Microsystems.
1956 – Frank Arnesen, Danish footballer.
1957 – Fran Drescher, American actress, producer, comedienne and activist.
1958 – Marty Stuart, American country musician.
1959 – Debrah Farentino, American actress.
1959 – Ettore Messina, Italian basketball player and coach.
1960 – Blanche Lincoln, American politician.
1961 – Eric Stoltz, American actor.
1961 – Crystal Bernard, American singer-songwriter and actress.
1961 – Mel Stride, English politician.
1962 – Frank Rijkaard, Dutch footballer.
1964 – Monica Bellucci, Italian actress.
1964 – Trey Anastasio, American singer-songwriter and guitarist.
1964 – Robby Takac, American singer-songwriter and bass player.
1965 – Omid Djalili, English comedian and actor.
1965 – Matt Fallon, American singer-songwriter
1965 – Kathleen Madigan, American comedienne and actress.
1966 – Gary Armstrong, Scottish rugby player.
1967 – Steve Kean, Scottish football manager.
1969 – Alex Rae, Scottish footballer.
1970 – Damian Mori, American actor.
1970 – Prosenjit Chatterjee, Indian actor and producer.
1971 – Giancarlo Judica Cordiglia, Italian actor.
1971 – Jenna Elfman, American actress.
1972 – Ari Behn, Norwegian writer.
1974 – Tom Greatrex, English politician.
1974 – Daniel Wu, American–Hong Kong actor, director and producer.
1975 – Marion Cotillard, French actress.
1975 – Carlos Guillén, Venezuelan baseball player.
1975 – Wopke Hoekstra, Dutch politician.

From 1976

1977 – Sun Juhai, Chinese footballer.
1977 – Roy Carroll, Northern Irish footballer.
1978 – Candice Michelle, American female wrestler.
1979 – Andy van der Meyde, Dutch footballer.
1979 – Primoz Kozmus, Slovenian hammer thrower.
1979 – Cameron Bruce, Australian footballer.
1980 – Christian Cantwell, American shot putter.
1980 – Martina Hingis, Swiss tennis player.
1981 – Cecelia Ahern, Irish writer.
1982 – Lacey Chabert, American actress.
1982 – Kieran Culkin, American actor.
1982 – Ola Jordan, Polish–British ballroom dancer.
1982 – Teal Redmann, American actress.
1982 – Yan Stastny, Canadian ice hockey player.
1984 – Keisha Buchanan, English singer (Sugababes).
1984 – Georgios Eleftheriou, Greek footballer.
1985 – Dmytro Grabovskyy, Ukrainian cyclist (d. 2017).
1985 – T-Pain, American rapper.
1985 – Cristian Rodríguez, Uruguayan footballer.
1986 – Olivier Giroud, French footballer.
1986 – Cristian Zapata, Colombian footballer.
1987 – Lauren Holiday, American soccer player.
1987 – Rumi Harai, Japanese actress, model and gymnast.
1992 – Ezra Miller, American actor.
1994 – Aliya Mustafina, Russian gymnast.
1996 – Lewis Morgan, Scottish footballer.
1997 – Yana Kudryavtseva, Russian rhythmic gymnast.
1997 – Max Verstappen, Belgian–Dutch racing driver.
2002 – Maddie Ziegler, American dancer and actress.

Deaths

Up to 1900

420 – Jerome, Roman priest, theologian and historian (b. 347)
653 – Saint Honorius, Archbishop of Canterbury
954 – King Louis IV of France (b. 920)
1101 – Anselm IV, Archbishop of Milan
1246 – Yaroslav II of Russia (b. 1191)
1440 – Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey of Ruthin, Welsh soldier and politician (b. 1362)
1487 – John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1400)
1560 – Melchior Cano, Spanish theologian (b. 1525)
1572 – Saint Francis of Borgia, Jesuit priest (b. 1510)
1626 – Taizu Emperor, Chinese Emperor (b. 1559)
1628 – Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet and politician (b. 1554)
1770 – Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham, English politician and diplomat (b. 1695)
1865 – Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian poet and scholar (b. 1800)
1888 – Elizabeth Stride, victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1843)
1888 – Catherine Eddowes, victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1843)
1891 – Georges Boulanger, French general and politician (b. 1837)
1897 – Therese of Liseaux, French nun and saint (b. 1873)

1901 – 2000

1910 – Maurice Levy, French engineer (b. 1838)
1914 – Yu Kil-chun, Korean politician (b. 1856)
1932 – Constantin Coanda, Romanian politician (b. 1857)
1934 – Giuseppe Mori, Italian cardinal (b. 1850)
1942 – Hans-Joachim Marseille, German pilot (b. 1919)
1943 – Franz Oppenheimer, German sociologist (b. 1864)
1948 – Edith Roosevelt, First Lady of the United States (b. 1861)
1953 – Lewis Fry Richardson, British meteorologist (b. 1881)
1955 – James Dean, American actor (b. 1931)
1973 – Peter Pitseolak, Canadian photographer and actor (b. 1902)
1974 – Carlos Prats, Chilean Constitutionalist General (b. 1915)
1977 – Mary Ford, American singer (b. 1924)
1985 – Simone Signoret, French actress (b. 1921)
1985 – Charles Richter, American seismologist (b. 1900)
1990 – Patrick White, Australian writer (b. 1912)
1994 – André Michael Lwoff, French microbiologist (b. 1902)
1994 – Roberto Eduardo Viola, Argentine politician (b. 1924)

From 2001

2002 – Göran Kropp, Swedish mountaineer (b. 1966)
2002 – Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss Federal Councillor (b. 1913)
2003 – Robert Kardashian, American lawyer (b. 1944)
2004 – Gamini Fonseka, Sri Lankan actor, director and politician (b. 1936)
2004 – Jacques Levy, American director and songwriter (b. 1935)
2004 – Michael Relph, English director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1915)
2007 – Joe Mitty, English humanitarian, founder of Oxfam (b. 1919)
2010 – Stephen J. Cannell, American television producer (b. 1941)
2011 – Anwar al-Awlaki, American–born terrorist and Islamist militant (b. 1971)
2011 – Ralph M. Steinman, Canadian immunologist (b. 1943)
2012 – Barbara Ann Scott, Canadian figure skater (b. 1928)
2012 – Barry Commoner, American biologist (b. 1917)
2013 – Kazys Bobelis, Lithuanian politician (b. 1923)
2013 – Rangel Valchanov, Bulgarian actor and director (b. 1928)
2014 – Molvi Iftikhar Hussain Ansari, Kashmiri Shia cleric, politician and businessman (b. 1942)
2014 – Jerrie Mock, American pilot (b. 1925)
2014 – Martin Lewis Perl, American physicist (b. 1927)
2015 – Kelly Gissendaner, American criminal (b. 1968)
2015 – Claude Dauphin, French businessman (b. 1951)
2015 – Guido Altarelli, Italian theoretical physicist (b. 1941)
2015 – Ricky Talan, Dutch footballer (b. 1960)
2016 – Oscar Brand, Canadian–American folk singer-songwriter and author (b. 1920)
2016 – Mike Towell, Scottish boxer (b. 1991)
2017 – Monty Hall, Canadian–American game show host (b. 1921)
2017 – Frank Hamblen, American basketball coach (b. 1947)
2017 – Donald Malarkey, American army officer (b. 1921)
2017 – Joe Tiller, American football player (b. 1942)
2017 – Vladimir Voevodsky, Russian–American mathematician (b. 1966)
2018 – Edredon Bleu, British–bred racehorse (b. 1992)
2018 – Geoffrey Hayes, English television presenter and actor (b. 1942)
2018 – Kim Larsen, Danish rock musician (b. 1945)
2018 – René Pétillon, French cartoonist (b. 1945)
2019 – David Akers-Jones, British politician (b. 1927)
2019 – Wayne Fitzgerald, American film and television title designer (b. 1930)
2019 – Viju Khote, Indian actor (b. 1941)
2019 – Kornel Morawiecki, Polish politician and theoretical physicist (b. 1941)
2019 – Jessye Norman, American opera singer (b. 1945)
2019 – Ben Pon, Dutch racing driver (b. 1936)

Observances

Independence Day (Botswana)
International Translation Day (after Jerome, Bible translator)