Voiceless alveolar plosive

Voiceless alveolar plosive
t
Image
IPA number	103
Encoding
Entity (decimal)	t
Unicode (hex)	U+0074
X-SAMPA	t
Kirshenbaum	t
Sound

The voiceless alveolar stop is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨t⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is ⟨t⟩. The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by "t" in tear and tool.

Features

• The airstream mechanism is pulmonic. This means that this sound is produced by pushing air solely with the lungs and diaphragm, as in most sounds.
• The phonation is voiceless. This means that this sound is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.
• The place of articulation (where the sound is produced) is alveolar. This means that this sound is produced with the tip of the tongue (apical) or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge (laminal).
• The manner of articulation (how the sound is produced) is stop, or plosive. This means that this sound is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. (The term plosive contrasts with nasal stops, where the blocked airflow is redirected through the nose.)

Examples

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning
Adyghe		тфы	[tfə]	'five'
Arabic	Egyptian	توكة tōka	[ˈtoːkæ]	'barrette'
Assyrian		ܒܝܬܐ bèta	[beːta]	'house'
Bengali		টাকা	[t̠aka]	'Taka'
Czech		toto	[ˈtoto]	'this'
Danish	Standard	dåse	[ˈtɔ̽ːsə]	'can' (n.)
Dutch		taal	[taːɫ]	'language'
English	Most speakers	tick	[tʰɪk]	'tick'
	New York
Finnish		parta	[ˈpɑrtɑ]	'beard'
Hebrew		תמונה	[tmuˈna]	'image'
Hungarian		tutaj	[ˈtutɒj]	'raft'
Kabardian		тхуы	[txʷə]	'five'
Khmer		តែ / tê	[tae]	'tea'
Korean		대숲 / daesup	[tɛsup̚]	'bamboo forest'
Kurdish	Northern	tu	[tʰʊ]	'you'
	Central	تەوێڵ	[tʰəweːɫ]	'forehead'
	Southern	تێوڵ	[tʰeːwɨɫ]
Luxembourgish		dënn	[tən]	'thin'
Maltese		tassew	[tasˈsew]	'true'
Mapudungun		füta	[ˈfɘtɜ]	'elderly'
Nunggubuyu		darawa	[taɾawa]	'greedy'
Nuosu		ꄉ da	[ta˧]
Portuguese	Some dialects	troço	[ˈtɾɔsu]	'thing' (pejorative)
Thai		ตา ta	[taː˧]	'eye'
Vietnamese		ti	[ti]	'flaw'
West Frisian		tosk	[ˈtosk]	'tooth'

References

• Basbøll, Hans (2005), The Phonology of Danish, ISBN 0-203-97876-5
• Gussenhoven, Carlos (1992), "Dutch", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 22 (2): 45–47, doi:10.1017/S002510030000459X, S2CID 243772965
• Szende, Tamás (1994), "Illustrations of the IPA: Hungarian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 24 (2): 91–94, doi:10.1017/S0025100300005090, S2CID 242632087
• Gilles, Peter; Trouvain, Jürgen (2013), "Luxembourgish" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (1): 67–74, doi:10.1017/S0025100312000278
• Sadowsky, Scott; Painequeo, Héctor; Salamanca, Gastón; Avelino, Heriberto (2013), "Mapudungun", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (1): 87–96, doi:10.1017/S0025100312000369
• Ladefoged, Peter (2005), Vowels and Consonants (Second ed.), Blackwell