Yehud Medinata
Yehud State Yehud Medinata | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| c. 539 BCE–c. 332 BCE | |||||||||
 Obverse of Jewish Yehud, a silver coin from Persian period
| |||||||||
 Yehud Medinata (in pink) under the Persian Empire | |||||||||
| Status | Province of the Achaemenid Empire | ||||||||
| Capital | Jerusalem 31°47′N 35°13′E / 31.783°N 35.217°E | ||||||||
| Common languages | Aramaic, Hebrew, Old Persian | ||||||||
| Religion | Second Temple Judaism | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| c. 539 BCE | |||||||||
| c. 332 BCE | |||||||||
| Currency | Daric, siglos | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of |  Israel Palestine | ||||||||
Yehud Medinata (Aramaic for the State of Judah), or simply Yehud, was part of the Persian Achaemenid Empire. It was located within the satrapy of Eber-Nari.
Overview
[change | change source]Yehud Medinata was similar to the older Kingdom of Judah but had a smaller territory. The area of Yehud Medinata is roughly the same as the previous Babylonian province of Yehud, created after the Kingdom of Judah was invaded by the Neo-Babylonian Empire (c. 597). Yehud Medinata continued to exist for two centuries, until the Greek Macedonian emperor Alexander the Great conquered it and made it part of his empire.
History
[change | change source]The exact period for Babylonian and Persian rule is still under debate.
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 587 BCE | Conquest of Jerusalem by Babylonians; second deportation (first deportation in 597); Gedaliah installed as governor in Mizpah |
| 582? BCE | Assassination of Gedaliah; refugees flee to Egypt; third deportation to Babylon |
| 562 BCE | Jeconiah, king of Judah deported and imprisoned in Babylon in 597, released; remains in Babylon |
| 539 BCE | Cyrus the Great (Cyrus II, ruled c.550-530 BCE) conquers Babylon |
| 538 BCE | "Declaration of Cyrus" allowing Jews to return to Jerusalem |
| 530 BCE | Cambyses II (ruled 530-522 BCE) succeeds Cyrus |
| 525 BCE | Cambyses conquers Egypt |
| 522 BCE | Darius I (ruled 522 ‒ 486 BCE) succeeds Cambyses |
| 521 BCE | Negotiations in Babylon between Darius and the exiled Jews |
| 520 BCE[1] | Return to Jerusalem of Zerubbabel as governor of Yehud and Joshua as High Priest |
| 520-515 BCE[1] | Rebuilding of the Temple (Second Temple) |
| 458? BCE | Arrival in Jerusalem of Ezra (7th year of the reign of Artaxerxes I, king 465-424 BCE) |
| 445/444 BCE | Arrival in Jerusalem of Nehemiah (20th year of the reign of Artaxerxes I) |
| 397? BCE (possible) |
Arrival in Jerusalem of Ezra (7th year of the reign of Artaxerxes II, king 404-358 BCE) |
| 333/332 BCE | Alexander the Great conquers the Mediterranean provinces of Persian Empire; beginning of Hellenistic age |
Related pages
[change | change source]References
[change | change source]Other websites
[change | change source]Maps
[change | change source]- Yehud Medinata map, CET – Center For Educational technology
- Yehud Medinata Border map, CET – Center For Educational technology
Books
[change | change source]- Bob Becking; Marjo Christina Annette Korpel (1999). The crisis of Israelite religion: transformation of religious tradition in exilic and post-exilic times. BRILL. ISBN 90-04-11496-3.
- Bedford, Peter Ross (2001). Temple Restoration in Early Achaemenid Judah. BRILL. ISBN 90-04-11509-9.
- Berquist, Jon L. (2007). Approaching Yehud: New Approaches to the Study of the Persian Period. Society of Biblical Literature. p. 195. ISBN 978-1-58983-145-2.
- Blenkinsopp, Joseph (2009). Judaism, the First Phase: The Place of Ezra and Nehemiah in the Origins of Judaism. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8028-6450-5.
- Grabbe, Lester L. (2006). A History of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple Period (vol. 1): The Persian Period (539-331BCE). Bloomsbury Academic. p. 85. ISBN 978-0-567-04352-8.
- Levine, Lee I. (2002). Jerusalem: Portrait of the City in the Second Temple Period (538 B.C.E. ? 70 C.E.). Jewish Publication Society. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-8276-0750-7.
- Lipschitz, Oded (2005). The Fall and Rise of Jerusalem: Judah Under Babylonian Rule. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 978-1-57506-095-8.
- Lipschitz, Oded; Oeming, Manfred (2006). Judah and the Judeans in the Persian Period. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 978-1-57506-104-7.
- Lipschitz, Oded; Knoppers, Gary N.; Albertz, Rainer (2007). Judah and the Judeans in the Fourth Century B.C.E. Eisenbrauns. p. 75. ISBN 978-1-57506-130-6.
- Middlemas, Jill (2005). The Troubles of Templeless Judah. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-928386-6.
- Stackert, Jeffrey (2007). Rewriting the Torah: Literary Revision in Deuteronomy and the Holiness Legislation. Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 978-3-16-149298-3.
- Nodet, Etienne (1997). A Search for the Origins of Judaism: From Joshua to the Mishnah. A&C Black. ISBN 978-1-85075-445-9.
- Vanderkam, James C. (2001). An Introduction to Early Judaism. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8028-4641-9.