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Template:Infobox bromine

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Bromine, 35Br
Bromine
Pronunciation/ˈbrmn, -mɪn, -mn/ (BROH-meen, -⁠min, -⁠myne)
Appearancereddish-brown
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Br)
[79.90179.907][1]
Bromine in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Cl

Br

 I 
seleniumbrominekrypton
Atomic number (Z)35
Groupgroup 17 (halogens)
Periodperiod 4
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 7
Physical properties
Phase at STPliquid
Melting point(Br2) 265.8 K ​(−7.2 °C, ​19 °F)
Boiling point(Br2) 332.0 K ​(58.8 °C, ​137.8 °F)
Density (near r.t.)Br2, liquid: 3.1028 g/cm3
Triple point265.90 K, ​5.8 kPa[2]
Critical point588 K, 10.34 MPa[2]
Heat of fusion(Br2) 10.571 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization(Br2) 29.96 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity(Br2) 75.69 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 185 201 220 244 276 332
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−1, 0, +1, +2,[3] +3, +4, +5, +7 (a strongly acidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.96
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1139.9 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2103 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3470 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 120 pm
Covalent radius120±3 pm
Van der Waals radius185 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of bromine
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structureorthorhombic
Orthorhombic crystal structure for bromine
Speed of sound206 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity0.122 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity7.8×1010 Ω⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[4]
Molar magnetic susceptibility−56.4×10−6 cm3/mol[5]
CAS Number7726-95-6
History
Discovery and first isolationAntoine Jérôme Balard and Carl Jacob Löwig (1825)
Isotopes of bromine
Main isotopes[6] Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
79Br 51% stable
81Br 49% stable
 Category: Bromine
| references
Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01)
See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (11) · (this table: )

References

  1. "Standard Atomic Weights: Bromine". CIAAW. 2011.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.121. ISBN 1439855110.
  3. Br(II) is known to occur in bromine monoxide radical; see Kinetics of the bromine monoxide radical + bromine monoxide radical reaction
  4. Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  5. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
  6. Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.