Summary

czech:Kleinova láhev je těleso,ve kterém nelze přejít přes okraj. Technicky vzato má jen jednu stranu. V knize Hravá matematika od Radka Chajdy jsem našel otázku: lze do Kleinovy láhve něco nalít? Ano lze do ní něco nalít a ještě není potřeba víčko.

Lukáš HOZDA 1.11.2009

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See also

Image:Klein bottle.svg

Licensing

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Parameterization

This immersion of the Klein bottle into R³ is given by the following parameterization. Here the parameters u and v run from 0 to 2π and r is a fixed positive constant.

For ${\displaystyle 0\leq u<\pi }$:

${\displaystyle x=6\cos u(1+\sin u)+4r\left(1-{\frac {\cos u}{2}}\right)\cos u\cos v}$

${\displaystyle y=16\sin u+4r\left(1-{\frac {\cos u}{2}}\right)\sin u\cos v}$

${\displaystyle z=4r\left(1-{\frac {\cos u}{2}}\right)\sin v}$

For ${\displaystyle \pi \leq u<2\pi }$:

${\displaystyle x=6\cos u(1+\sin u)-4r\left(1-{\frac {\cos u}{2}}\right)\cos v}$

${\displaystyle y=16\sin u\,}$

${\displaystyle z=4r\left(1-{\frac {\cos u}{2}}\right)\sin v}$

Mathematica source

KleinBottle[r_:1] =
 Function[{u, v},
   UnitStep[Sin[u]]
   {
       6 Cos[u](1 + Sin[u]) + 4r(1 - Cos[u]/2) Cos[u]Cos[v],
       16 Sin[u] + 4r(1 - Cos[u]/2) Sin[u]Cos[v],
       4r(1 - Cos[u]/2) Sin[v]
   }
   + (1 - UnitStep[Sin[u]])
   {
       6 Cos[u](1 + Sin[u]) - 4r(1 - Cos[u]/2) Cos[v],
       16 Sin[u],
       4r(1 - Cos[u]/2) Sin[v]
   }
 ]

 ParametricPlot3D[Evaluate[KleinBottle[][u, v]], {u, 0, 2Pi}, {v, 0, 2Pi},
   PlotPoints -> {50, 19}, Boxed -> False, Axes -> False,
   ViewPoint -> {0.454, -2.439, -2.301}]