Blaise Pascal
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Blaise Pascal (1623 - 1662) was a French mathematician whose mother died when he was 3 years old. Pascal was considered a child prodigy. Though best known for his works in math, including the creation of Pascal's Triangle, which is named after him, and developments in the field of probability, Pascal was also a scientist. He wrote in support of the scientific method and also contributed to physics. Later he wrote two books about Christianity.
Pascal was born in Clermont, France and died in Paris, France at 39. He died from a malignant stomach ulcer.