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Carnivoran; Temporal range: 42–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Middle Eocene-Holocene
	Various carnivorans, with feliforms to the left, and caniforms to the right
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Clade:	Carnivoramorpha
Clade:	Carnivoraformes
Order:	Carnivora; Bowdich, 1821
Suborders
	Caniformia; Feliformia;
Synonyms
	list of synonyms: Caniformes (Zagorodniuk, 2008) ; Carnaria (Haeckel, 1866) ; Carnassidentia (Wortman, 1901) ; Carnivores (Cuvier, 1817) ; Carnivori (Vieq d'Azyr, 1792) ; Carnivorida (Pearse, 1936) ; Carnivoriformes (Kinman, 1994) ; Carnivoripedida (Vyalov, 1966) ; Cynofeliformia (Ginsburg, 1982) ; Cynosia (Rafinesque, 1815) ; Digitigrada (Illiger, 1811) ; Digitigradae (Gray, 1821) ; Eucarnivora (Mekayev, 2002) ; Ferae (Linnaeus, 1758) ; Fissipeda (Blumenbach, 1791) ; Neocarnivora (Radinsky, 1977) ; Plantigrada (Illiger, 1811) ;

Carnivora /kɑːrˈnɪvərə/ is an order of placental mammals that have specialized in primarily eating flesh, whose members are formally referred to as carnivorans. The order Carnivora is the fifth largest order of mammals, comprising at least 279 species. Carnivora can be divided into two suborders: the cat-like Feliformia and the dog-like Caniformia, which are differentiated based on the structure of their ear bones and cranial features. The feliforms include families such as cats, hyenas, mongooses and civets. The majority of feliform species are found in the Old World, though the cats and one extinct genus of hyena have successfully diversified into the Americas. The caniforms include the dogs, bears, raccoons, weasels, and seals. Members of this group are found worldwide and with immense diversity in their diet, behavior, and morphology. Around 47.8–56 million years ago, in the early Eocene, the first carnivorans began to emerge. Carnivores range in size from the least weasel, which weighs 29–250 g (1.0–8.8 oz), to the Southern elephant seal, which weighs more than 3,700 kg (8,200 lb).^[9]

Carnivorans have large canine teeth, five digits on the front paw and four at the back, and sharp senses of sight and smell. Carnivorans live on every major landmass and in a variety of habitats, ranging from the cold polar regions to the hyper-arid region of the Sahara Desert to the open seas. They come in a very large array of different body plans in contrasting shapes and sizes.

References[change | change source]

↑ Cite error: The named reference Heinrich2008 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).
↑ "Carnivora". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
↑ Bowditch, T. E. 1821. An analysis of the natural classifications of Mammalia for the use of students and travelers J. Smith Paris. 115. (refer pages 24, 33)
↑ Zagorodniuk, I. (2008) "Scientific names of mammal orders: from descriptive to uniform" Visnyk of Lviv University, Biology series, Is. 48. P. 33-43
↑ Zagorodniuk, I. (2014) "Changes In Taxonomic Diversity Of Ukrainian Mammals For The Last Three Centuties: Extinct, Phantom And Alien Speacies" Proceedings of the Theriological School, Vol. 12: 3–16
↑ Arthur Sperry Pearse, (1936) "Zoological names. A list of phyla, classes, and orders, prepared for section F, American Association for the Advancement of Science" American Association for the Advancement of Science
↑ G. G. Simpson (1952) "For and Against Uniform Endings in Zoological Nomenclature" in "Systematic Zoology Vol. 1, No. 1 (Spring, 1952)", pp. 20-23, Published By: Taylor & Francis, Ltd.
↑ O. S. Vyalov (1966.) "Sledy Zhiznedeyatel'nosti Organizmov i ikh Paleontologicheskoye Znacheniye [Traces of Vital Activity of Organisms and their Paleontological Significance]" Naukova Dumka, Kyiv, 1-219
↑ Gittleman, John L. (1989). Carnivore Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution. Boston, MA: Springer US. ISBN 978-1-4757-4716-4. OCLC 851800612.

[Heinrich2008-1] Cite error: The named reference Heinrich2008 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).

[2] "Carnivora". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 6 July 2021.

[Bowditch,_T._E_1821._pages_24,_33-3] Bowditch, T. E. 1821. An analysis of the natural classifications of Mammalia for the use of students and travelers J. Smith Paris. 115. (refer pages 24, 33)

[4] Zagorodniuk, I. (2008) "Scientific names of mammal orders: from descriptive to uniform" Visnyk of Lviv University, Biology series, Is. 48. P. 33-43

[5] Zagorodniuk, I. (2014) "Changes In Taxonomic Diversity Of Ukrainian Mammals For The Last Three Centuties: Extinct, Phantom And Alien Speacies" Proceedings of the Theriological School, Vol. 12: 3–16

[6] Arthur Sperry Pearse, (1936) "Zoological names. A list of phyla, classes, and orders, prepared for section F, American Association for the Advancement of Science" American Association for the Advancement of Science

[7] G. G. Simpson (1952) "For and Against Uniform Endings in Zoological Nomenclature" in "Systematic Zoology Vol. 1, No. 1 (Spring, 1952)", pp. 20-23, Published By: Taylor & Francis, Ltd.

[8] O. S. Vyalov (1966.) "Sledy Zhiznedeyatel'nosti Organizmov i ikh Paleontologicheskoye Znacheniye [Traces of Vital Activity of Organisms and their Paleontological Significance]" Naukova Dumka, Kyiv, 1-219

[9] Gittleman, John L. (1989). Carnivore Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution. Boston, MA: Springer US. ISBN 978-1-4757-4716-4. OCLC 851800612.

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