Agustín de Iturbide
| Agustín I | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Copy of a portrait of Agustín I, Constitutional Emperor of Mexico, | |||||
| Emperor of Mexico | |||||
| Reign | 19 May 1822 – 19 March 1823 | ||||
| Coronation | 21 July 1822 | ||||
| Predecessor | Monarchy established | ||||
| Successor | Provisional Government (Chronologically) Maximilian I (as Emperor) | ||||
| Prime Ministers | |||||
| President of the Regency of Mexico | |||||
| In office | 28 September 1821 – 18 May 1822 | ||||
| Predecessor | Monarchy established | ||||
| Successor | Juan Nepomuceno Almonte (Second Mexican Empire) | ||||
| Born | Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Arámburu 27 September 1783 Valladolid, Viceroyalty of New Spain (now Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico) | ||||
| Died | 19 July 1824 (aged 40) Padilla, Tamaulipas, Mexico | ||||
| Burial | 26 October 1838 Mexico City Cathedral | ||||
| Spouse | Ana María Josefa Ramona de Huarte y Muñiz | ||||
| Issue | Agustín Jerónimo, Prince Imperial of Mexico Princess Sabina Princess Juana de Dios Princess Josefa Prince Ángel Princess María de Jesús Princess María de los Dolores Prince Salvador María Prince Felipe Prince Agustín Cosme | ||||
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| House | Iturbide | ||||
| Father | José Joaquín de Iturbide y Arreguí | ||||
| Mother | María Josefa de Arámburu y Carrillo de Figueroa | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||
| Signature |  | ||||
Agustín de Iturbide (27 September 1783 – 19 July 1824) and later known as Emperor Agustín I of Mexico was an officer in the royal Spanish army. Iturbide born in what was then called Valladolid, now Morelia, the provincial capital of Michoacán, on 27 September 1783. He was baptized with the names of Saints Cosmas and Damian at the cathedral. The fifth child born to his parents, he was the only male to survive and eventually became head of the family. Iturbide's parents were part of the privileged landed class of Valladolid, owning agricultural land including the haciendas of Apeo and Guaracha as well as lands in nearby Quirio.
Iturbide's father, Joaquín de Iturbide, came from a family of the Basque gentry who were confirmed in nobility by King Juan II of Aragon. During the Mexican War of Independence and increased his influence outside the country. He even had credible plans for the reconquest of the old colony. For those reasons, no European noble would accept the offer of a Mexican crown. In Mexico itself, there was no Mexican noble family that the populace would accept as royalty. He was executed by firing squad on 19 July 1824.
His son Agustín Jerónimo de Iturbide y Huarte was the Pretender to the throne of Mexico and led a coalition of former royalists and long-time insurgents under his Plan of Iguala. The combined forces under Iturbide brought about Mexican independence in September 1821 A year later, he was proclaimed Emperor, reigning from 19 May 1822 to 19 March 1823, when he abdicated. In May 1823 he went into exile in Europe. When he returned to Mexico in July 1824, he was arrested and executed.