Caeciliidae
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| Caeciliidae | |
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| Siphonops annulatus | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
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| Family: | Caeciliidae Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1814
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| Genera | |
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Boulengerula | |
Caeciliidae is the family of common caecilians. They are found in Central and South America, equatorial Africa and India. Like other caecilians, they look like worms or snakes.
Although they are the most diverse of the caecilian families, the caeciliids do have a number of features in common that make them different from other caecilians. In particular, their skulls have few bones. The ones tey have are fused to form a solid ram. This helps in digging through the soil. The mouth is beneath the nose area. There is no tail.[1]
Many caeciliids lay their eggs in moist soil. The eggs then hatch into aquatic larvae. However, some species do not have a larval stage. The eggs hatch into juveniles with the same form as the adults. In some they lack eggs and give birth to live young.[1]
Species
[change | change source]- Genus Boulengerula – Boulenger's Caecilians
- Genus Brasilotyphlus – Brazilian Caecilians
- Genus Caecilia – Common Caecilians
- Caecilia abitaguae
- Caecilia albiventris
- Caecilia antioquiaensis
- Caecilia armata
- Caecilia attenuata
- Caecilia bokermanni
- Caecilia caribea
- Caecilia corpulenta
- Caecilia crassisquama
- Caecilia degenerata
- Caecilia disossea
- Caecilia dunni
- Caecilia flavopunctata
- Caecilia gracilis
- Caecilia guntheri
- Caecilia inca
- Caecilia isthmica
- Caecilia leucocephala
- Caecilia marcusi
- Caecilia mertensi
- Caecilia nigricans
- Caecilia occidentalis
- Caecilia orientalis
- Caecilia pachynema
- Caecilia perdita
- Caecilia pressula
- Caecilia subdermalis
- Caecilia subnigricans
- Caecilia subterminalis
- Caecilia tentaculata
- Caecilia tenuissima
- Caecilia thompsoni
- Caecilia volcani
- Genus Caecilita
- Genus Dermophis – Mexican Caecilians
- Genus Gegeneophis – Forest Caecilians
- Genus Geotrypetes – West African Caecilians
- Geotrypetes angeli
- Geotrypetes pseudoangeli
- Geotrypetes seraphini, Gaboon caecilian
- Genus Grandisonia – Seychelles Caecilians
- Genus Gymnopis – Wet Forest Caecilians
- Genus Herpele – Congo Caecilians
- Genus Hypogeophis – Frigate Island Caecilian
- Genus Idiocranium – Makumuno Assumbo Caecilian
- Genus Indotyphlus – Battersby's Caecilians
- Genus Luetkenotyphlus – São Paulo Caecilian
- Genus Microcaecilia – Tiny Caecilians
- Genus Mimosiphonops – Worm Patterned Caecilians
- Genus Oscaecilia – South American Caecilians
- Genus Parvicaecilia – Columbian Caecilians
- Genus Praslinia – Cooper's Caecilian
- Genus Schistometopum – Guinae Caecilians
- Genus Siphonops – Ringed Caecilians
- Genus Sylvacaecilia – Aleku Caecilian
References
[change | change source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nussbaum, Ronald A. (1998). Cogger, H.G. & Zweifel, R.G. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 57. ISBN 0-12-178560-2.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
- Nussbaum, Ronald A.; Wilkinson, Mark (1989). "On the Classification and Phylogeny of Caecilians". Herpetological Monographs (3): 1–42. doi:10.2307/1466984. JSTOR 1466984.
- San Mauro, Diego; Gower, David J.; Oommen, Oommen V.; Wilkinson, Mark; Zardoya, Rafael (November 2004). "Phylogeny of caecilian amphibians (Gymnophiona) based on complete mitochondrial genomes and nuclear RAG1". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 33 (2): 413–427. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.05.014. PMID 15336675.
- San Mauro, Diego; Vences, Miguel; Alcobendas, Marina; Zardoya, Rafael; Meyer, Axel (May 2005). "Initial diversification of living amphibians predated the breakup of Pangaea". American Naturalist. 165 (5): 590–599. doi:10.1086/429523. PMID 15795855. S2CID 17021360.
- San Mauro, Diego; Gower, David J.; Massingham, Tim; Wilkinson, Mark; Zardoya, Rafael; Cotton, James A. (August 2009). "Experimental design in caecilian systematics: phylogenetic information of mitochondrial genomes and nuclear rag1". Systematic Biology. 58 (4): 425–438. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp043. PMID 20525595.
- Frost, Darrel R. 2004. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 3.0 (22 August 2004). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA
- AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. 2004. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. Available: http://amphibiaweb.org/. Retrieved 26 August 2004