User:Mcapdevila/Vilafranca
Vilafranca (in catalan) or Borgo Franco (in italian) is understood as the legal status [1] of a medieval community free of duties [2] or with fiscal privileges, alternately performing military services [3] . Examples are Borgo Agnello ( Novara ) at the beginning of the 13th century, Serravalle Sesia [4] (1255), Paganico ( Grosseto, also called "Borgo Franco" because of these exemptions [5] ), Castelfranco Veneto (Treviso) in 1199 [2], Soncino (1118, one of the oldest) [6], Robecco d'Oglio (Cremona) in 1185 [7], Trino ( Vercelli ) [8], Villa d'Adda ( Bergamo ) in 1193. [9]
Vilafranca vs Vilanova[change | change source]
The vilafranca or vilanovava [10] were new population centers that arose during the Middle Ages, especially between the 12th and 14th centuries in Catalonia and the rest of Iberian Peninsula, in Italy, France and Germany. The phenomenon assumed particular characteristics in north-central Italy, characterized by ordinary citizens.
These new settlements did not arise spontaneously, but were always the result of the initiative of the territorial lords or, in most cases, of ordinary citizens who proceeded to found a Vilafranca or a Vilanova to extend their control over the territory. and increase their income. In most cases, the main reason for the new foundation was political, but military or economic reasons related to territorial control could also be involved. The new foundations were not always successful. During the Middle Ages there were cases of bankruptcy that can be attributed to various reasons including: lack of commitment and planning by the institutions; lack of cohesion among the inhabitants of the new community. The founder of the new settlement encouraged, or sometimes forced, the peasants to settle in the new settlements by granting them less heavy taxation or even tax exemption for a certain period of time, hence the name vilafranca [11] .
Although unique models cannot be produced for these new foundations, archaeologists have found some recurring features in these new settlements. They are planned settlements, often inspired by the mother city, with an orthogonal plan and generally defended by a wall; The internal plot, quite regular, has a central square, around which the main buildings (such as the town hall and the church) and houses are built, built in rows and in lots pre-established at the time of design.
These towns normally consisted of no more than 200 houses and many of them disappeared with the agrarian crisis of the 14th century .
Equivalent place names[change | change source]
Equivalent place names of Vilafranca in other languages are: villafranca (Spanish), villefranche (French), villafranca (Italian), vilafranca (Portuguese), Freistadt, Freiburg / Friburgo, Fristrup, Freyburg (German).
Equivalent place names of Vilanova in other languages are: villanueva (Spanish), villeneuve (French), villanuova ( Italian ), vilanova (Portuguese), Freistadt, Freiburg / Friburg, Fristrup, Freyburg (German)
References[change | change source]
- ↑ sbi.nordovest.bg.it
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 issuu.com
- ↑ parchilagomaggiore.it
- ↑ archeovercelli.it
- ↑ "Civitella Paganico: cosa fare, cosa vedere e dove dormire". Toscana (in Italian). 2021-09-06. Retrieved 2023-06-20.
- ↑ groane.it
- ↑ "portale di risorse storiche e archivistiche". Lombardia Storica (in Italian). 2006-05-12. Archived from the original on 2007-12-01. Retrieved 2023-06-20.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help) - ↑ "Panero_Villenove" (PDF). storia.unifi.it/. 2001-12-05. Archived from the original on 2006-05-14. Retrieved 2023-06-20.
{{cite web}}:|archive-date=/|archive-url=timestamp mismatch; 2006-12-29 suggested (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help) - ↑ "Pro Loco - Villa D'Adda". prolocovilladadda.it. 2001-12-05. Archived from the original on 2006-05-14. Retrieved 2023-06-20.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help) - ↑ Termine derivante dalla parola latina villa nova che significa terra nuova
- ↑ Per questo motivo vengono chiamate anche "ville franche"
Bibliography[change | change source]
- P. Grillo, Borghi franchi e lotte di fazione: tre fondazioni vercellesi negli anni 1269-1270, in “Studi Storici”, year 42, no. 2, 2001, p. 397-411
- P. Guglielmotti, Villenove e borghi franchi: esperienze di ricerca e problemi di metodo, in «Archivio Storico Italiano», vol. 166, no. 1 (615), 2008, p. 79-96.
- R. Rao, La proprietà allodiale civica dei borghi nuovi vercellesi (prima metà del XIII secolo), in «Studi Storici», year 42, no. 2, 2001, p. 373-395.
- Villaggi scomparsi e borghi nuovi nel Piemonte medievale, edited by R. Comba, R.Rao, Society for historical, archaeological and artistic studies of the province of Cuneo, Cuneo 2011.
[[Category:Middle Ages]]