Xenohormone
Xenohormones are chemicals produced outside the human body that can act like hormones. They can come from plants (like phytoestrogens) or be man-made. These chemicals disrupt the activity of our steroid hormones through numerous possible mechanisms of action like - acting directly on hormone receptors, changing in the levels of natural hormones within the body and modifying the function of hormone receptors.[1] The most widely known xenohormones are the xenoestrogens, which mimic the action of estrogen.[2][3] Other classes include xenoandrogens-electively similar to anabolic steroids-and xenoprogesterones. Xenohormones have applications in products such as oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, and agriculture. Exposure to certain xenohormones during critical periods in child development can result in reproductive problems, thyroid problems, and young age at puberty. Later in life, they can increase the risk of cancers like testicular, prostate, ovarian, and uterine cancer.
References
[change | change source]- ↑ Danzo BJ (November 1998). "The effects of environmental hormones on reproduction" (PDF). Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 54 (11): 1249–1264. doi:10.1007/s000180050251. PMID 9849617. S2CID 11913134. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2014. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
- ↑ Gross N (2008). "Important developments in the field of modified tocopherols/tocotrienols". European Journal of Endocrinology. Bioscientifica. Retrieved 2011-10-18.
- ↑ Whitaker SB, Singh BB, Weller RN, Bath KR, Loushine RJ (February 1999). "Sex hormone receptor status of the dental pulp and lesions of pulpal origin". Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics. 87 (2): 233–237. doi:10.1016/s1079-2104(99)70278-7. PMID 10052381.