Mars Orbiter Mission 2

The Mars Orbiter Mission 2, also known as Mangalyaan 2, is an idea about making India's second interplanetary craft planned to orbit Mars by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). It has not been built (as of 2024).

It is planned for launch for 2024. India was the first Asian nation to reach Mars' orbit and on its first attempt when Mangalyaan 1 was launched in 2013 by ISRO. It was originally going to include a lander, but in February 2021, ISRO decided it would only be an orbiter. ISRO is working on the Mars Orbiter Mission-2 for carrying four payloads for inspection of the certain characteristics of the Mars including Mars atmosphere, environment and the interplanetary dust. The expedition is set to include a Mars Orbit Dust Experiment (MODEX), a Radio Occultation (RO) experiment, an Energetic Ion Spectrometer (EIS), and a Langmuir Probe and Electric Field Experiment (LPEX).

MODEX

MODEX aims to elucidate the origin, abundance, distribution, and flux of particles at high altitudes on Mars.

Radio Occultation (RO)

The Radio Occultation (RO) experiment is designed to gauge neutral and electron density profiles. This apparatus operates as a microwave transmitter at X-band frequency, offering insights into the behavior of the Martian atmosphere.

Energetic Ion Spectrometer (EIS)

In efforts to comprehend the loss of atmosphere on Mars, ISRO is spearheading the development of an Energetic Ion Spectrometer (EIS) to characterize Solar energy particles and supra-thermal Solar wind particles within the Martian environment.

LPEX

LPEX will facilitate the measurement of Electron number density, Electron temperature, and electric field waves, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the plasma environment surrounding Mars.