List of cities in Alaska

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Flag of Alaska
Anchorage, Alaska's largest city
Fairbanks
Juneau, capital of Alaska

This is a list of incorporated cities in the U.S. state of Alaska, including unified city-boroughs. There are a total of 149 cities in Alaska.

State capital State capital

Borough seat

Cities in Alaska
Name Class[1] Borough or Census Area[2] Incorporated[3] Population
(2020)[4]
Population
(2010)[4]
Change Land area
(2020)[5]
Population density
sq mi km2
Adak Second Class Aleutians West (CA) 2001 171 326 −47.5% 32.43 84.0 5.3/sq mi (2.0/km2)
Akhiok Second Class Kodiak Island 1974 63 71 −11.3% 7.40 19.2 8.5/sq mi (3.3/km2)
Akiak Second Class Bethel (CA) 1970 462 346 +33.5% 1.89 4.9 244.4/sq mi (94.4/km2)
Akutan Second Class Aleutians East 1979 1,589 1,027 +54.7% 65.98 170.9 24.1/sq mi (9.3/km2)
Alakanuk Second Class Kusilvak (CA) 1969 756 677 +11.7% 32.20 83.4 23.5/sq mi (9.1/km2)
Aleknagik Second Class Dillingham (CA) 1973 211 219 −3.7% 26.55 68.8 7.9/sq mi (3.1/km2)
Allakaket Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1975 177 105 +68.6% 14.72 38.1 12.0/sq mi (4.6/km2)
Ambler Second Class Northwest Arctic 1971 274 258 +6.2% 10.28 26.6 26.7/sq mi (10.3/km2)
Anaktuvuk Pass Second Class North Slope 1959 425 324 +31.2% 5.18 13.4 82.0/sq mi (31.7/km2)
Anchorage Unified Home Rule Anchorage 1975 291,247 291,826 −0.2% 1,706.80 4,420.6 170.6/sq mi (65.9/km2)
Anderson Second Class Denali[a] 1962 177 246 −28.0% 42.20 109.3 4.2/sq mi (1.6/km2)
Angoon Second Class Hoonah-Angoon (CA) 1963 357 459 −22.2% 24.53 63.5 14.6/sq mi (5.6/km2)
Aniak Second Class Bethel (CA) 1972 507 501 +1.2% 6.18 16.0 82.0/sq mi (31.7/km2)
Anvik Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1969 70 85 −17.6% 9.49 24.6 7.4/sq mi (2.9/km2)
Atka Second Class Aleutians West (CA) 1988 53 61 −13.1% 8.47 21.9 6.3/sq mi (2.4/km2)
Atqasuk Second Class North Slope 1982 276 233 +18.5% 39.12 101.3 7.1/sq mi (2.7/km2)
Bethel Second Class Bethel (CA) 1957 6,325 6,080 +4.0% 44.51 115.3 142.1/sq mi (54.9/km2)
Bettles Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1985 23 12 +91.7% 1.56 4.0 14.7/sq mi (5.7/km2)
Brevig Mission Second Class Nome (CA) 1969 428 388 +10.3% 2.43 6.3 176.1/sq mi (68.0/km2)
Buckland Second Class Northwest Arctic 1966 550 416 +32.2% 0.85 2.2 647.1/sq mi (249.8/km2)
Chefornak Second Class Bethel (CA) 1974 506 418 +21.1% 5.24 13.6 96.6/sq mi (37.3/km2)
Chevak Second Class Kusilvak (CA) 1967 951 938 +1.4% 1.14 3.0 834.2/sq mi (322.1/km2)
Chignik Second Class Lake and Peninsula 1983 97 91 +6.6% 10.95 28.4 8.9/sq mi (3.4/km2)
Chuathbaluk Second Class Bethel (CA) 1975 104 118 −11.9% 4.47 11.6 23.3/sq mi (9.0/km2)
Clark's Point Second Class Dillingham (CA) 1971 67 62 +8.1% 3.32 8.6 20.2/sq mi (7.8/km2)
Coffman Cove Second Class Prince of Wales-Hyder (CA) 1989 127 176 −27.8% 10.90 28.2 11.7/sq mi (4.5/km2)
Cold Bay Second Class Aleutians East 1981 50 108 −53.7% 53.41 138.3 0.9/sq mi (0.35/km2)
Cordova Home Rule Chugach (CA) 1909 2,609 2,239 +16.5% 61.35 158.9 42.5/sq mi (16.4/km2)
Craig First Class Prince of Wales-Hyder (CA) 1922 1,036 1,201 −13.7% 6.69 17.3 154.9/sq mi (59.8/km2)
Deering Second Class Northwest Arctic 1970 182 122 +49.2% 5.02 13.0 36.3/sq mi (14.0/km2)
Delta Junction Second Class Southeast Fairbanks (CA) 1960 918 958 −4.2% 13.88 35.9 66.1/sq mi (25.5/km2)
Dillingham First Class Dillingham (CA) 1963 2,249 2,329 −3.4% 33.34 86.4 67.5/sq mi (26.1/km2)
Diomede Second Class Nome (CA) 1970 83 115 −27.8% 2.43 6.3 34.2/sq mi (13.2/km2)
Eagle Second Class Southeast Fairbanks (CA) 1901 83 86 −3.5% 0.88 2.3 94.3/sq mi (36.4/km2)
Edna Bay[b] Second Class Prince of Wales-Hyder (CA) 2014[6] 25 21.14 54.8 1.2/sq mi (0.46/km2)
Eek Second Class Bethel (CA) 1970 404 296 +36.5% 0.65 1.7 621.5/sq mi (240.0/km2)
Egegik Second Class Lake and Peninsula 1995 39 109 −64.2% 29.55 76.5 1.3/sq mi (0.50/km2)
Ekwok Second Class Dillingham (CA) 1974 111 115 −3.5% 16.75 43.4 6.6/sq mi (2.5/km2)
Elim Second Class Nome (CA) 1970 366 330 +10.9% 2.66 6.9 137.6/sq mi (53.1/km2)
Emmonak Second Class Kusilvak (CA) 1964 825 762 +8.3% 4.97 12.9 166.0/sq mi (64.1/km2)
Fairbanks Home Rule Fairbanks North Star 1903[7] 32,515 31,535 +3.1% 31.75 82.2 1,024.1/sq mi (395.4/km2)
False Pass Second Class Aleutians East 1990 397 35 +1,034.3% 25.07 64.9 15.8/sq mi (6.1/km2)
Fort Yukon Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1959 428 583 −26.6% 6.74 17.5 63.5/sq mi (24.5/km2)
Galena First Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1971 472 470 +0.4% 17.65 45.7 26.7/sq mi (10.3/km2)
Gambell Second Class Nome (CA) 1963 640 681 −6.0% 10.51 27.2 60.9/sq mi (23.5/km2)
Golovin Second Class Nome (CA) 1971 175 156 +12.2% 4.13 10.7 42.4/sq mi (16.4/km2)
Goodnews Bay Second Class Bethel (CA) 1970 258 243 +6.2% 3.33 8.6 77.5/sq mi (29.9/km2)
Grayling Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1969 210 194 +8.2% 11.23 29.1 18.7/sq mi (7.2/km2)
Gustavus Second Class Hoonah-Angoon (CA) 2004 655 442 +48.2% 36.36 94.2 18.0/sq mi (6.9/km2)
Holy Cross Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1968 176 178 −1.1% 28.83 74.7 6.1/sq mi (2.4/km2)
Homer First Class Kenai Peninsula 1964 5,522 5,003 +10.4% 13.79 35.7 400.4/sq mi (154.6/km2)
Hoonah First Class Hoonah-Angoon (CA) 1946 931 760 +22.5% 5.87 15.2 158.6/sq mi (61.2/km2)
Hooper Bay Second Class Kusilvak (CA) 1966 1,375 1,093 +25.8% 7.50 19.4 183.3/sq mi (70.8/km2)
Houston Second Class Matanuska-Susitna 1966 1,975 1,912 +3.3% 23.94 62.0 82.5/sq mi (31.9/km2)
Hughes Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1973 85 77 +10.4% 3.04 7.9 28.0/sq mi (10.8/km2)
Huslia Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1969 304 275 +10.5% 15.79 40.9 19.3/sq mi (7.5/km2)
Hydaburg First Class Prince of Wales-Hyder (CA) 1927 380 376 +1.1% 0.29 0.75 1,310.3/sq mi (505.9/km2)
JuneauState capital Unified Home Rule Juneau 1970 32,255 31,275 +3.1% 2,704.03 7,003.4 11.9/sq mi (4.6/km2)
Kachemak Second Class Kenai Peninsula 1961 576 472 +22.0% 1.67 4.3 344.9/sq mi (133.2/km2)
Kake First Class Petersburg[c] 1952 543 557 −2.5% 7.67 19.9 70.8/sq mi (27.3/km2)
Kaktovik Second Class North Slope 1971 283 239 +18.4% 0.77 2.0 367.5/sq mi (141.9/km2)
Kaltag Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1969 158 190 −16.8% 21.64 56.0 7.3/sq mi (2.8/km2)
Kasaan Second Class Prince of Wales-Hyder (CA) 1976 30 49 −38.8% 6.06 15.7 5.0/sq mi (1.9/km2)
Kenai Home Rule Kenai Peninsula 1960 7,424 7,100 +4.6% 29.14 75.5 254.8/sq mi (98.4/km2)
Ketchikan Home Rule Ketchikan Gateway 1900 8,192 8,050 +1.8% 3.81 9.9 2,150.1/sq mi (830.2/km2)
Kiana Second Class Northwest Arctic 1964 447 361 +23.8% 0.19 0.49 2,352.6/sq mi (908.3/km2)
King Cove First Class Aleutians East 1947 757 938 −19.3% 24.66 63.9 30.7/sq mi (11.9/km2)
Kivalina Second Class Northwest Arctic 1969 444 374 +18.7% 1.63 4.2 272.4/sq mi (105.2/km2)
Klawock First Class Prince of Wales-Hyder (CA) 1929 720 755 −4.6% 0.68 1.8 1,058.8/sq mi (408.8/km2)
Kobuk Second Class Northwest Arctic 1973 191 151 +26.5% 15.51 40.2 12.3/sq mi (4.7/km2)
Kodiak Home Rule Kodiak Island 1940 5,581 6,130 −9.0% 3.92 10.2 1,423.7/sq mi (549.7/km2)
Kotlik Second Class Kusilvak (CA) 1970 655 577 +13.5% 2.99 7.7 219.1/sq mi (84.6/km2)
Kotzebue Second Class Northwest Arctic 1958 3,102 3,201 −3.1% 24.76 64.1 125.3/sq mi (48.4/km2)
Koyuk Second Class Nome (CA) 1970 312 332 −6.0% 5.10 13.2 61.2/sq mi (23.6/km2)
Koyukuk Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1973 98 96 +2.1% 5.74 14.9 17.1/sq mi (6.6/km2)
Kupreanof Second Class Petersburg 1975 21 27 −22.2% 3.02 7.8 7.0/sq mi (2.7/km2)
Kwethluk Second Class Bethel (CA) 1975 812 721 +12.6% 10.18 26.4 79.8/sq mi (30.8/km2)
Larsen Bay Second Class Kodiak Island 1974 34 87 −60.9% 4.03 10.4 8.4/sq mi (3.2/km2)
Lower Kalskag Second Class Bethel (CA) 1969 278 282 −1.4% 1.24 3.2 224.2/sq mi (86.6/km2)
Manokotak Second Class Dillingham (CA) 1970 488 442 +10.4% 73.14 189.4 6.7/sq mi (2.6/km2)
Marshall Second Class Kusilvak (CA) 1970 492 414 +18.8% 4.06 10.5 121.2/sq mi (46.8/km2)
McGrath Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1975 301 346 −13.0% 42.33 109.6 7.1/sq mi (2.7/km2)
Mekoryuk Second Class Bethel (CA) 1969 206 191 +7.9% 7.07 18.3 29.1/sq mi (11.2/km2)
Mountain Village Second Class Kusilvak (CA) 1967 621 813 −23.6% 4.21 10.9 147.5/sq mi (57.0/km2)
Napakiak Second Class Bethel (CA) 1970 358 354 +1.1% 2.01 5.2 178.1/sq mi (68.8/km2)
Napaskiak Second Class Bethel (CA) 1971 509 405 +25.7% 2.90 7.5 175.5/sq mi (67.8/km2)
Nenana Home Rule Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1921 358 378 −5.3% 5.95 15.4 60.2/sq mi (23.2/km2)
New Stuyahok Second Class Dillingham (CA) 1972 512 510 +0.4% 33.72 87.3 15.2/sq mi (5.9/km2)
Newhalen Second Class Lake and Peninsula[d] 1971 168 190 −11.6% 6.03 15.6 27.9/sq mi (10.8/km2)
Nightmute Second Class Bethel (CA) 1974 306 280 +9.3% 98.96 256.3 3.1/sq mi (1.2/km2)
Nikolai Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1970 89 94 −5.3% 4.39 11.4 20.3/sq mi (7.8/km2)
Nome First Class Nome (CA) 1901 3,699 3,598 +2.8% 12.80 33.2 289.0/sq mi (111.6/km2)
Nondalton Second Class Lake and Peninsula 1971 133 164 −18.9% 6.74 17.5 19.7/sq mi (7.6/km2)
Noorvik Second Class Northwest Arctic 1964 694 668 +3.9% 0.84 2.2 826.2/sq mi (319.0/km2)
North Pole Home Rule Fairbanks North Star 1953 2,243 2,117 +6.0% 4.08 10.6 549.8/sq mi (212.3/km2)
Nuiqsut Second Class North Slope 1975 512 402 +27.4% 8.89 23.0 57.6/sq mi (22.2/km2)
Nulato Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1963 238 264 −9.8% 41.09 106.4 5.8/sq mi (2.2/km2)
Nunam Iqua Second Class Kusilvak (CA) 1974 217 187 +16.0% 11.57 30.0 18.8/sq mi (7.3/km2)
Nunapitchuk Second Class Bethel (CA) 1969 594 496 +19.8% 6.99 18.1 85.0/sq mi (32.8/km2)
Old Harbor Second Class Kodiak Island 1966 216 218 −0.9% 16.19 41.9 13.3/sq mi (5.1/km2)
Ouzinkie Second Class Kodiak Island 1967 109 161 −32.3% 5.54 14.3 19.7/sq mi (7.6/km2)
Palmer Home Rule Matanuska-Susitna 1951 5,888 5,937 −0.8% 5.07 13.1 1,161.3/sq mi (448.4/km2)
Pelican First Class Hoonah-Angoon (CA) 1943 98 88 +11.4% 0.55 1.4 178.2/sq mi (68.8/km2)
Pilot Point Second Class Lake and Peninsula 1992 70 68 +2.9% 24.55 63.6 2.9/sq mi (1.1/km2)
Pilot Station Second Class Kusilvak (CA) 1969 615 568 +8.3% 1.61 4.2 382.0/sq mi (147.5/km2)
Platinum Second Class Bethel (CA) 1975 55 61 −9.8% 47.27 122.4 1.2/sq mi (0.46/km2)
Point Hope Second Class North Slope 1966 830 674 +23.1% 5.00 12.9 166.0/sq mi (64.1/km2)
Port Alexander Second Class Petersburg 1974 78 52 +50.0% 3.50 9.1 22.3/sq mi (8.6/km2)
Port Heiden Second Class Lake and Peninsula 1972 100 102 −2.0% 46.77 121.1 2.1/sq mi (0.81/km2)
Port Lions Second Class Kodiak Island 1966 170 194 −12.4% 4.99 12.9 34.1/sq mi (13.2/km2)
Quinhagak Second Class Bethel (CA) 1975 776 669 +16.0% 4.10 10.6 189.3/sq mi (73.1/km2)
Ruby Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1973 139 166 −16.3% 7.03 18.2 19.8/sq mi (7.6/km2)
Russian Mission Second Class Kusilvak (CA) 1970 421 312 +34.9% 5.37 13.9 78.4/sq mi (30.3/km2)
Saint Paul Second Class Aleutians West (CA) 1971 413 479 −13.8% 42.62 110.4 9.7/sq mi (3.7/km2)
Sand Point First Class Aleutians East 1966 578 976 −40.8% 8.01 20.7 72.2/sq mi (27.9/km2)
Savoonga Second Class Nome (CA) 1969 835 671 +24.4% 5.87 15.2 142.2/sq mi (54.9/km2)
Saxman Second Class Ketchikan Gateway 1929 384 411 −6.6% 0.96 2.5 400.0/sq mi (154.4/km2)
Scammon Bay Second Class Kusilvak (CA) 1967 600 474 +26.6% 0.47 1.2 1,276.6/sq mi (492.9/km2)
Selawik Second Class Northwest Arctic 1977[e] 809 829 −2.4% 2.33 6.0 347.2/sq mi (134.1/km2)
Seldovia First Class Kenai Peninsula 1945 235 255 −7.8% 0.39 1.0 602.6/sq mi (232.7/km2)
Seward Home Rule Kenai Peninsula 1912 2,717 2,693 +0.9% 13.96 36.2 194.6/sq mi (75.1/km2)
Shageluk Second Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1970 100 83 +20.5% 10.22 26.5 9.8/sq mi (3.8/km2)
Shaktoolik Second Class Nome (CA) 1969 212 251 −15.5% 1.07 2.8 198.1/sq mi (76.5/km2)
Shishmaref Second Class Nome (CA) 1969 576 563 +2.3% 2.34 6.1 246.2/sq mi (95.1/km2)
Shungnak Second Class Northwest Arctic 1967 272 262 +3.8% 8.05 20.8 33.8/sq mi (13.1/km2)
Sitka Unified Home Rule Sitka 1971 8,458 8,881 −4.8% 2,870.06 7,433.4 2.9/sq mi (1.1/km2)
Soldotna Home Rule[8] Kenai Peninsula 1967 4,342 4,163 +4.3% 6.96 18.0 623.9/sq mi (240.9/km2)
St. George Second Class Aleutians West (CA) 1983 67 102 −34.3% 34.78 90.1 1.9/sq mi (0.73/km2)
St. Mary's First Class Kusilvak (CA) 1967 599 507 +18.1% 44.60 115.5 13.4/sq mi (5.2/km2)
St. Michael Second Class Nome (CA) 1969 456 401 +13.7% 21.75 56.3 21.0/sq mi (8.1/km2)
Stebbins Second Class Nome (CA) 1969 634 556 +14.0% 32.61 84.5 19.4/sq mi (7.5/km2)
Tanana First Class Yukon-Koyukuk (CA) 1961 246 246 0.0% 10.67 27.6 23.1/sq mi (8.9/km2)
Teller Second Class Nome (CA) 1963 249 229 +8.7% 1.49 3.9 167.1/sq mi (64.5/km2)
Tenakee Springs Second Class Hoonah-Angoon (CA) 1971 116 131 −11.5% 13.15 34.1 8.8/sq mi (3.4/km2)
Thorne Bay Second Class Prince of Wales-Hyder (CA) 1982 476 471 +1.1% 26.67 69.1 17.8/sq mi (6.9/km2)
Togiak Second Class Dillingham (CA) 1969 817 817 0.0% 42.01 108.8 19.4/sq mi (7.5/km2)
Toksook Bay Second Class Bethel (CA) 1972 658 590 +11.5% 28.71 74.4 22.9/sq mi (8.8/km2)
Unalakleet Second Class Nome (CA) 1974 765 688 +11.2% 2.86 7.4 267.5/sq mi (103.3/km2)
Unalaska First Class Aleutians West (CA) 1942 4,254 4,376 −2.8% 102.21 264.7 41.6/sq mi (16.1/km2)
Upper Kalskag Second Class Bethel (CA) 1975 212 210 +1.0% 3.56 9.2 59.6/sq mi (23.0/km2)
Utqiaġvik†(Barrow) First Class North Slope 1959 4,927 4,212 +17.0% 18.77 48.6 262.5/sq mi (101.4/km2)
Valdez Home Rule Chugach (CA) 1901 3,985 3,976 +0.2% 212.69 550.9 18.7/sq mi (7.2/km2)
Wainwright Second Class North Slope 1962 628 556 +12.9% 10.31 26.7 60.9/sq mi (23.5/km2)
Wales Second Class Nome (CA) 1964 168 145 +15.9% 2.30 6.0 73.0/sq mi (28.2/km2)
Wasilla First Class Matanuska-Susitna 1974 9,054 7,831 +15.6% 12.40 32.1 730.2/sq mi (281.9/km2)
Whale Pass[f] Second Class Prince of Wales-Hyder (CA) 2017[9] 86 19.86 51.4 4.3/sq mi (1.7/km2)
White Mountain Second Class Nome (CA) 1969 185 190 −2.6% 1.82 4.7 101.6/sq mi (39.2/km2)
Whittier Second Class Chugach (CA) 1969 272 220 +23.6% 12.25 31.7 22.2/sq mi (8.6/km2)
Wrangell Unified Home Rule Wrangell 2008 2,127 2,369 −10.2% 2,555.99 6,620.0 0.8/sq mi (0.31/km2)
Total cities[g] 497,374 457,229 +8.8% 12,182.77 31,553.2 40.8/sq mi (15.8/km2)
Alaska 733,391 710,231 +3.3%[11] 570,640.95 1,477,953.3 1.3/sq mi (0.50/km2)
Notes
  1. The Borough seat is Healy, a census-designated place.
  2. Edna Bay incorporated in October 2014 and thus not included in the sums for the 2010
  3. The Borough seat is Petersburg, a census-designated place.
  4. The Borough seat is King Salmon, a census-designated place, and is located in neighboring Bristol Bay Borough.
  5. A conflict as to the date exists between sources: 1996 Alaska Municipal Officials Directory (p. 136) gives 1977, while "Directory of Borough and City Officials 1974" (p. 72) gives December 23, 1963. It is unclear whether Selawik may have dissolved and later reincorporated its city government.
  6. Whale Pass incorporated in 2017 and thus not included in the sums for the 2010.[9]
  7. The totals reflect the 2010 Census numbers and thus include Petersburg, with a population of 2948 and a land area of 44.13 square miles (114.3 km2), which dissolved its city government in 2013 in favor of incorporating as a borough.[10]

References[change | change source]

  1. "Alaska Taxable 2011: Municipal Taxation - Rates and Policies" (PDF). Division of Community and Regional Affairs, Alaska Department of Commerce, Community and Economic Development. January 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 25, 2013. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
  2. "Background on Boroughs in Alaska" (PDF). Local Boundary Commission, Division of Community and Regional Affairs, Alaska Department of Commerce, Community and Economic Development. November 2000. Retrieved July 16, 2008.
  3. "Directory of Borough and City Officials 1974". Alaska Local Government. Juneau. XIII (2): 45. January 1974.
  4. 4.0 4.1 "Explore Census Data". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved August 25, 2021.
  5. "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  6. Bell, Susan (September 10, 2014). "Edna Bay Incorporates as Alaska's Newest City" (PDF) (Press release). Juneau, Alaska: Commissioner's Office. Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development, Division of Community and Regional Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2017. Retrieved May 21, 2016.
  7. 1996 Alaska Municipal Officials Directory. Juneau: Alaska Municipal League/Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs. January 1996. p. 55.
  8. "Soldotna home-rule charter passes". Peninsula Clarion. Morris Publishing Group, LLC. 5 October 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
  9. 9.0 9.1 Denning, Angela (7 January 2017). "Whale Pass voters approve incorporation | KFSK". Retrieved 2017-01-10.
  10. Lagoudakis, Cindi; Menish-Meucci, Marilyn. "Fact Sheet". petersburgak.org. Petersburg Chamber of Commerce/Visitor Information Center. Archived from the original on June 23, 2018. Retrieved June 23, 2018.
  11. "Change in Resident Population of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico: 1910 to 2020" (PDF). Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 26, 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2020.