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President of Syria

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President of the Syrian Arab Republic
رئيس جمهورية سوريا العربية
Incumbent
Vacant
since 8 December 2024
StyleHis Excellency
ResidencePeople's Palace and Tishreen Palace, Damascus
Term lengthSeven years, renewable once[1]
Inaugural holderShukri al-Quwatli
Formation17 April 1946
DeputyVice President of Syria

The President of Syria is the head of state of the Syrian Arab Republic. He appoints and can fire the Prime Minister and other members of the Council of Ministers (the cabinet) and military officers.[2]

The position has been vacant since 8 December 2024, when the last president, Bashar al-Assad, forced out of office following the success of the 2024 Syrian opposition offensives.[3]

List

[change | change source]
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Elected Term of office Political party Note(s)
Took office Left office Time in office
Second Syrian Republic (Syrian Arab Republic; 1961–1963)
— Maamun al-Kuzbari
مأمون الكزبري
(1914–1998) 		— 29 September 1961 20 November 1961 52 days Independent Kuzbari took office following the 1961 coup d'état, which dissolved the United Arab Republic.
— Izzat al-Nuss
عزت النص
(1912–1976)[4] 		— 20 November 1961 14 December 1961 24 days Military
1 Nazim al-Qudsi
ناظم القدسي
(1906–1998) 		— 14 December 1961 8 March 1963 1 year, 84 days People's Party The 1963 coup d'état, an event known as the 8th of March Revolution, toppled Qudsi and brought the National Council for the Revolutionary Command (NCRC) to government, although real power lay with the Ba'athist Military Committee, which organized the coup.[5]
Ba'athist Syria (Syrian Arab Republic; 1963–2024)
2 Lu'ay al-Atassi
لؤي الأتاسي
(1926–2003) 		— 9 March 1963 27 July 1963 140 days Independent Atassi was appointed president by the NCRC because he posed no threat to the Military Committee's power.[6] He resigned after high-ranking non-Ba'athist officers were purged.[7]
3 Amin al-Hafiz
أمين الحافظ
(1921–2009) 		— 27 July 1963 23 February 1966 2 years, 211 days Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Hafiz was overthrown by the Military Committee because of his support for Michel Aflaq and the National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party.[8]
4 Nureddin al-Atassi
نور الدين الأتاسي
(1929–1992) 		— 25 February 1966 18 November 1970 4 years, 266 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Atassi was overthrown when a falling out occurred between Salah Jadid, the real ruler of Syria from 1966 to 1970, and Hafez al-Assad, the Minister of Defense.[9] Assad initiated a coup in 1970, known as the Corrective Movement.[10]
— Ahmad al-Khatib
أحمد الخطيب
(1933–1982) 		— 18 November 1970 22 February 1971 96 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region)
5 Hafez al-Assad
حافظ الأسد
(1930–2000) 		1971
1978
1985
1991
1999 		22 February 1971 10 June 2000 29 years, 109 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Assad died in office.[11]
— Abdul Halim Khaddam
عبدالحليم خدام
(1932–2020) 		— 10 June 2000 17 July 2000 37 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region)
6 Bashar al-Assad
بَشَّارُ ٱلْأَسَدِ
(born 1965) 		2000
2007
2014
2021 		17 July 2000 8 December 2024 24 years, 144 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Assad was overthrown during the Fall of Damascus, in the Syrian civil war.[12]

References

[change | change source]
  1. ↑ Article 88 of the Syrian Constitution
  2. ↑ "Syria - The President and the Cabinet".
  3. ↑ "Syrian rebels say Syria is free of Assad". The Guardian. 8 December 2024. Retrieved 8 December 2024.
  4. ↑ "Who's who in the Arab World". 1974.
  5. ↑ Moubayed 2006, p. 133.
  6. ↑ Moubayed 2006, p. 175.
  7. ↑ Rabinovich 1972, p. 72.
  8. ↑ Seale 1990, pp. 99–101.
  9. ↑ Seale 1990, pp. 142–144.
  10. ↑ Seale 1990, pp. 162–163.
  11. ↑ Moubayed 2006, pp. 154–155.
  12. ↑ "Syrian rebels topple President Assad, prime minister calls for free elections". Reuters. 8 December 2024.



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