User:Smlombardi/Sandbox
Ways of learning[change | change source]
This is a list of ways that people can learn.
Guided play provides fun while learning to manage objects and ideas. A caregiver chooses the learning materials and methods. The caregiver can set up play stations for art, music, objects, or anything that would help the learner. A caregiver can make up words from the first letter of many words to help the learner remember the many words. The caregiver can do something over and over again to music or in a pattern so that it is easier for the learner to remember. The caregiver can make cards with words, numbers, or pictures printed on them. These cards can be displayed for a short time as a memory test. The caregiver can make behavior charts with stickers as a reward for learning.[1] The new word diaskagogy is used to describe this type of instruction.[2]
Teacher-guided learning occurs in schools. Trained instructors decide what will be learned, why it will be learned, when it will be learned, who will learn, how it will be learned, and who will teach. This type of instruction is called pedagogy.[3]
Self-directed learning is where learners are ready to choose their own learning method. Helped by a guide, the learners decide what they want to learn. The learners find materials and methods that will help them to learn what they want to know. The learners decide what type of help they need to make learning easier. The learners practice with their materials following a method from their guide. The learners prove to themselves that they can use the new knowledge. Malcolm Knowles and other educators call this type of instruction andragogy.[4] The scaffolding [5] and collaboration used in self-directed learning methods is being studied as a good way to teach experienced learners.[6] The increase in distance learning degree programs and cyber-schools give people the chance to have self-directed learning experiences. Studies show that these programs are best when the guide has control of the online learning experience.[7] The guide can quickly provide resources, help the learner to find a path, provide encouragement, and promote reflective discussion among experts and novices.
Self-determined learning [1]does not need a caregiver, teacher, guide, or school. These learners are self-taught. These learners choose the resources that are best for their needs.[8] Stewart Hase and other educators call this type of instruction heutagogy.[9]
References[change | change source]
- ↑ "Interactive play with blocks found to facilitate development of spatial vocabulary". 4 November 2011.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help); Missing pipe in:|coauthors=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ↑ "Terms used in Instructional theory". World Heritage Encyclopedia. Retrieved December 19, 2014.
- ↑ "Terms used in Instructional theory". World Heritage Encyclopedia. Retrieved December 19, 2014.
- ↑ Guglielmino, L. (Spring 2004). ""Self-Direction in learning in the United States"" (PDF). International Journal of Self-directed Learning Volume 1, Number 1. Retrieved December 18, 2014.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ↑ Ley, Tobias. ""Scaffolding Self-directed Learning with Personalized Learning Goal Recommendations"" (PDF). Retrieved January 5,2015.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ↑ Hmelo-Silver, C.E. (2007). "Scaffolding and achievement in problem-based and inquiry learning: A response to Krischner, Sweller and Clark". Educational Psychologist. 42 (2): 99. doi:10.1080/00461520701263368.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ↑ Barab, S.A. (2001). "Designing and Building an online-community: The struggle to support sociability in the inquiry learning forum". Educational Technology Research and Development. 49 (4): 71. doi:10.1007/bf02504948.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ↑ http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1076
- ↑ "Terms used in Instructional theory". World Heritage Encyclopedia. Retrieved December 19, 2014.