Gymnosperm
| Gymnospermae | |
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| White Spruce leaves (needles) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
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Pinophyta (or Coniferophyta) – Conifers |
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The gymnosperms are a group of seed plants which includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo.[1] The group may, doubtfully, include the Gnetales
They have naked seeds, in contrast to the seeds or ovules of flowering plants (angiosperms) which are enclosed during pollination. Gymnosperm seeds develop either on the surface of scale- or leaf-like appendages of cones, or at the end of short stalks (Ginkgo).
The gymnosperms and angiosperms together make up the spermatophytes or seed plants. By far the largest group of living gymnosperms are the conifers (pines, cypresses, and relatives), followed by cycads, Gnetales (Gnetum, Ephedra and Welwitschia), and Ginkgo (a single living species).
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| gymnosperms |
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- ↑ The term comes from the Greek word (γυμνός) for "naked seed", gymnospermos.
- ↑ Chung-Shien Wu, Ya-Nan Wang, Shu-Mei Liu and Shu-Miaw Chaw (2007). "Chloroplast Genome (cpDNA) of Cycas taitungensis and 56 cp protein-coding genes of Gnetum parvifolium: insights into cpDNA evolution and phylogeny of extant seed plants". Molecular Biology and Evolution 24 (6): 1366–1379. doi:10.1093/molbev/msm059.
