User:Yodas henchman/Muslim Brotherhood
Muslim Brotherhood | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Leader | Mohammed Badie |
| Spokesperson | Gehad El-Haddad |
| Founder | Hassan al-Banna |
| Founded | March 22, 1928 |
| Ideology |
|
| Website | |
| www.ikhwanonline.com | |
The Muslim Brotherhood, also known as the Society of the Muslim Brothers is a Sunni Islamist organization made first founded in Egypt in 1928 by Hassan al-Banna. Originally an anti-colonist group against the British rule in Egypt. The Muslim's brotherhood goal is to establish Sharia laws.The Muslim Brotherhood has spread to countries like Turkey, Syria, and Qatar. It has been considered a Terrorist Organization by Bahrain, Russia, Syria, Saudia Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.
The Brotherhood was a small part in the politics of the Arab World until the Six-Day War in 1967, when Islamist ideologies started to outgrow Arab nationalism after the war as Israel won against the Arab World. The Muslim Brotherhood was also supported by Saudi Arabia, they both had the same enemy, communism.
During the Arab Spring in 2011, the Muslim Brotherhood became more legalized and had more power politically. The Muslim Brotherhood ran for elections in 2011, winning several times, and also in 2012 the Muslim Brotherhood won the presidential elections. But in 2013, the Muslim Brotherhood lost it's power and it's legal status after a Coup d'etat that overthrew the Brotherhood and declared it a terrorist organization. The Monarchies in the Persian Gulf also declared the Muslim Brotherhood was also declared a terrorist organization.
History[change | change source]
Early Years[change | change source]
Formation[change | change source]
On March, 1928 in the city of Ismailia, the Muslim Brotherhood was formed by Hassan al-Banna and workers from the Suez Canal Company.[1][2] Al-Banna was appointed as the Head of the Muslim Brother hood, he swore to work for Islam by using Jihad, he also pledged to bring back Islamic Brotherhood. All seven men pledged
"be soldiers in the call to Islam, and in that is the life for the country and the honour for the Umma... We are brothers in the service of Islam.. Hence we are the "Muslim Brothers".[3][4]
The Suez Canal Company helped Banna build a mosque in Ismailia that was the Muslim Brotherhood's headquarters.[5] According to al-Banna, traditional Islam had lost its dominance and power because most Muslims had been corrupted by the West and stopped enforcing Sharia law, a set of based on the Qur'an and the Sunnah were seen as laws passed down by God that should be applied to all parts of life, including the organization of the government and the handling of everyday problems.[6][7]
Al-Banna pushed his message against tyranny and abuse from companies and monopolies against workers. The Muslim Brotherhood built social buildings like hospitals, pharmacies, schools, refuge camps, etc. Al-Banna has very conservative views on issues like women's rights, where he opposed equal rights for women although supporting the establishment of justice towards women.[8] The Brotherhood grew rapidly going from 800 members in 1936, to 200,000 by 1938 and over 2 million by 1948.[9]
World War II[change | change source]
Since 1936, the Muslim Brotherhood started getting into politics, it started opposing British Rule in Egypt as it's influence grew larger and larger.[10] Hassan al-Banna had contact with Amin al-Husseini, a Mandatory Palestinian Arab Leader.[11] The British were concerned with the Brotherhood as they had ties with Amin, who started the The Great Palestinian Revolt. The Muslim Brotherhood also targeted the Jewish populations in Egypt at the time, the Jews were also called the "societal cancer".[12] The Muslim Brotherhood also released a list of businesses owned and ran by Jews and called for them to get boycotted in fears that they supported the Israelis in the revolt.[11][13]
Post WWII[change | change source]
Arab-Israeli Conflict[change | change source]
Free Officers & Nasser[change | change source]
Mubarak Era[change | change source]
2011 Revolution[change | change source]
Presence Outside of Egypt[change | change source]
Middle East[change | change source]
North Africa[change | change source]
Asia[change | change source]
Europe[change | change source]
Americas[change | change source]
Ideology & Beliefs[change | change source]
Criticism[change | change source]
Controversies[change | change source]
Response to Criticism & Controversies[change | change source]
Relations[change | change source]
Designation as a Terrorist Organization[change | change source]
Relationship with Turkey[change | change source]
Crisis in Qatar & Relationship with Qatar[change | change source]
See Also[change | change source]
References[change | change source]
- ↑ "Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood". Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
- ↑ Mura, Andrea (2012). "A genealogical inquiry into early Islamism: the discourse of Hasan al-Banna". Journal of Political Ideologies. p. 61. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
- ↑ Pankhurst, Reza (2013). The Inevitable Caliphate? - A History of the Struggle for Global Islamic Union, 1924 to the Present. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 68–69. ISBN 978-0-19-932799-7.
- ↑ Cite error: The named reference
Bellaiguewas used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page). - ↑ Mitchell, Richard Paul (1993). The Society of the Muslim Brothers. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-508437-5. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
- ↑ Bassiouni, M. Cherif (2014) [2013]. "The Sharīa, Islamic Law (Fiqh), and Legal Methods (Ilm Uṣūl al-Fiqh)". In Bassiouni, M. Cherif (ed.). The Shari'a and Islamic Criminal Justice in Time of War and Peace. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 18–87. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139629249.003. ISBN 9781139629249. LCCN 2013019592. Archived from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
- ↑ "British & World English: sharia". Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
- ↑ Bannā, Ḥasan (1978). Five tracts of Ḥasan Al-Bannāʼ (1906-1949): a selection from the Majmūʻat rasāʼil al-Imām al-shahīd Ḥasan al-Bannāʼ. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-09584-7. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
- ↑ Husain, Irfan (2012). Fatal Faultlines : Pakistan,Islam And The West. HarperCollins Publishers India. ISBN 978-93-5029-230-3. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
- ↑ G, Delanoue. al-Ik̲h̲wānal-Muslimūn. Brill Publishers.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 El-Awaisi, Abd Al-Fattah (1991). "THE CONCEPTUAL APPROACH OF THE EGYPTIAN MUSLIM BROTHERS TOWARDS THE PALESTINE QUESTION, 1928–1949". Journal of Islamic Studies. pp. 225–244. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
- ↑ W. J., Berridge (2018). Islamism in the Modern World: A Historical Approach. Bloomsburry. p. 78.
- ↑ Achcar, Gilbert (2012). "Review of CONFRONTING FASCISM IN EGYPT: DICTATORSHIP VERSUS DEMOCRACY IN THE 1930S". The Arab Studies Journal. pp. 162–166. Retrieved 15 May 2023.