Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Difference between revisions
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'''Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease''' (COPD), also known as chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD), and chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD), is a collection of [[diseases]] which make breathing gradually more difficult. |
'''Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease''' (COPD), also known as chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD), and chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD), is a collection of [[diseases]] which make breathing gradually more difficult. Chronic bronchitis is inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs. It's characterized by daily cough and mucus (sputum) production.<ref>{{Cite web|title=COPD|url=https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/copd|access-date=2021-10-22|website=www.lung.org|language=en}}</ref> |
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[[Symptom|Symptoms]] of COPD include [[Dyspnea|difficulty breathing]] and [[cough]], in particular coughing up lots of [[phlegm]].<ref>Vestbo, Jorgen 2013. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ''Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease'', Chapter 2.</ref> It is usually caused by smoking [[cigarette]]s, and around half of people who smoke for their whole lives will develop COPD.<ref>Laniado-Laborín R. 2009. Smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Parallel epidemics of the 21 century. ''International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health''. '''6''' (1): 209–24. doi:10.3390/ijerph6010209. PMC 2672326. PMID 19440278.</ref> |
[[Symptom|Symptoms]] of COPD include [[Dyspnea|difficulty breathing]] and [[cough]], in particular coughing up lots of [[phlegm]].<ref>Vestbo, Jorgen 2013. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ''Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease'', Chapter 2.</ref> It is usually caused by smoking [[cigarette]]s, and around half of people who smoke for their whole lives will develop COPD.<ref>Laniado-Laborín R. 2009. Smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Parallel epidemics of the 21 century. ''International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health''. '''6''' (1): 209–24. doi:10.3390/ijerph6010209. PMC 2672326. PMID 19440278.</ref> In the developing world, <abbr>COPD</abbr> often occurs in people exposed to fumes from burning fuel for cooking and heating in poorly ventilated homes.<ref>{{Cite web|title=COPD causes|url=https://www.sondercare.com/health-tips/sondercare-copd/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-22|website=www.sondercare.com|language=en-US}}</ref> |
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At the beginning of the disease, the difficulty breathing is only noticeable when exercising, but over many years it gradually becomes worse, until there is difficulty breathing even when sitting or lying down.<ref>What Are the signs and symptoms of COPD?. U.S. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. 8 June 2012.</ref> It can also lead to [[Infection|infections]] of the [[lung]], which may be serious enough to cause death. |
At the beginning of the disease, the difficulty breathing is only noticeable when exercising, but over many years it gradually becomes worse, until there is difficulty breathing even when sitting or lying down.<ref>What Are the signs and symptoms of COPD?. U.S. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. 8 June 2012.</ref> It can also lead to [[Infection|infections]] of the [[lung]], which may be serious enough to cause death. |
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Revision as of 11:52, 22 October 2021
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), also known as chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD), and chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD), is a collection of diseases which make breathing gradually more difficult. Chronic bronchitis is inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs. It's characterized by daily cough and mucus (sputum) production.[1]
Symptoms of COPD include difficulty breathing and cough, in particular coughing up lots of phlegm.[2] It is usually caused by smoking cigarettes, and around half of people who smoke for their whole lives will develop COPD.[3] In the developing world, COPD often occurs in people exposed to fumes from burning fuel for cooking and heating in poorly ventilated homes.[4]
At the beginning of the disease, the difficulty breathing is only noticeable when exercising, but over many years it gradually becomes worse, until there is difficulty breathing even when sitting or lying down.[5] It can also lead to infections of the lung, which may be serious enough to cause death.
The most important step in treating COPD is to stop smoking.[6] Exercise and medications can also help. The most commonly used medications are called bronchodilators, which help to open up the airways and allow more air into the lungs.[6]
3% of all disability is related to COPD.[7] People can die from COPD. The World Health Organization predicts that COPD will become the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2030.[8] It is thought that more people will die from it in the future.
Types of COPD
References
- ↑ "COPD". www.lung.org. Retrieved 2021-10-22.
- ↑ Vestbo, Jorgen 2013. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease, Chapter 2.
- ↑ Laniado-Laborín R. 2009. Smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Parallel epidemics of the 21 century. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 6 (1): 209–24. doi:10.3390/ijerph6010209. PMC 2672326. PMID 19440278.
- ↑ "COPD causes". www.sondercare.com. Retrieved 2021-10-22.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ What Are the signs and symptoms of COPD?. U.S. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. 8 June 2012.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Decramer M; Janssens W. & Miravitlles M. 2012. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet 379 (9823): 1341–51. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60968-9. PMID 22314182.
- ↑ Murray C.J. et al 2012. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 380 (9859): 2197–223. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61689-4. PMID 23245608.
- ↑ "WHO - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)". WHO.