Balakovo
Balakovo
Балаково | |
|---|---|
 Maltsev Manor in the historical part of the city | |
.png) Coat of arms | |
| Anthem: none[2] | |
Location of Balakovo  | |
  Balakovo Location of Balakovo  Balakovo Balakovo (Saratov Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 52°02′N 47°47′E / 52.033°N 47.783°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Saratov Oblast[1] |
| Founded | 1762[3] |
| City status since | 1913[3] |
| Government | |
| • Body | Council[4] |
| • Head[4] | Alexander Ovsyannikov[5] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 79 km2 (31 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 25 m (82 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 199,690 |
| • Rank | 94th in 2010 |
| • Density | 2,500/km2 (6,500/sq mi) |
| • Subordinated to | city of oblast significance of Balakovo[7][8] |
| • Capital of | Balakovsky District[8], city of oblast significance of Balakovo[9] |
| • Municipal district | Balakovsky Municipal District[10] |
| • Urban settlement | Balakovo Urban Settlement[10] |
| • Capital of | Balakovsky Municipal District[11], Balakovo Urban Settlement[10] |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (MSK+1  [12]) |
| Postal code(s)[13] | 413840, 413841, 413843, 413849–413851, 413853, 413855–413861, 413863–413866 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8453 |
| OKTMO ID | 63607101001 |
| Twin towns | Trnava, Pabianice, Cherepovets, Zagreb, Scranton, Baku |
| Website | mo-balakovo |
Balakovo (Russian: Балако́во, IPA: [bəlɐˈkovə]) is a city in Saratov Oblast, Russia. It is on the east bank of the Volga River. It is about 131 kilometers (81 mi) northeast of Saratov. Population: 199,690 (2010 Census);[6] 200,470 (2002 Census);[14] 197,391 (1989 Census).[15]
History
[change | change source]Balakovo was founded in 1762 by the Old Believers who returned from Poland. It was granted town status in 1913.[3]
For a long time people thought that the city of Balakovo was founded in 1762, but later a document from 1738 was found in the archives of St. Petersburg. It mentions the Cossack meadow possession of Balakov Yurt. In 1762, Empress of Russia Catherine II wanted the Old Believers to return from Poland to Russia and settle on the lands between the Bolshoy and Maly Irgiz rivers. The Old Believers founded many new settlements, including Balakovo. In 1861, there were 2,700 people living in the village of Balakovo. The village grew quickly because of the wheat trade that went through it. Up to 10 million poods of grain were sent from Balakovo in one season. There were over 300 big barns near Balakovo to store the grain. The village also had a large forest nearby that helped its economy. In 1897, the population of the village reached 18,388 people.
Balakovo grew in size and in industry at the start of the 20th century. In May 1911, Balakovo was given city status. Ivan Mamin became the first city head. In 1917, there were 6 churches, 7 schools, the grain market, the ironworks of Fyodor Blinov and the mechanical plant of oil engines of the Mamin brothers, ship repair and furniture workshops, sawmills, mills, a commercial college opened in 1910, the Zemsky hospital and the city factory ambulance (polyclinic), a library, and a power plant, which was organized by the "Light" partnership.
Inventors Fyodor Abramovich Blinov and Yakov Mamin made Balakovo the birthplace of the world's first caterpillar tractor, wheel self-propelled gun and Russian diesel engine.
Economy
[change | change source]
The Saratov Hydroelectric Station on the Volga River and the Balakovo Nuclear Power Plant are in Balakovo. It is served by the Balakovo Airport which currently does not work. Balakovo has a rail connection to Moscow, and is an end destination for some train routes.
Climate
[change | change source]Balakovo has a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfa) with long cold winters and warm, often hot summers.
| Climate data for Balakovo | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8 (46) |
8 (46) |
17 (63) |
31 (88) |
34 (93) |
40 (104) |
41 (106) |
41 (106) |
38 (100) |
25 (77) |
16 (61) |
11 (52) |
41 (106) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −5 (23) |
−4 (25) |
1 (34) |
13 (55) |
21 (70) |
26 (79) |
28 (82) |
27 (81) |
20 (68) |
12 (54) |
3 (37) |
−3 (27) |
12 (53) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −8 (18) |
−8 (18) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
8 (46) |
15 (59) |
20 (68) |
21.5 (70.7) |
20.5 (68.9) |
14.5 (58.1) |
7.5 (45.5) |
0 (32) |
−6 (21) |
6.8 (44.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −11 (12) |
−12 (10) |
−6 (21) |
3 (37) |
9 (48) |
14 (57) |
15 (59) |
14 (57) |
9 (48) |
3 (37) |
−3 (27) |
−9 (16) |
2 (36) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −37 (−35) |
−35 (−31) |
−27 (−17) |
−17 (1) |
−3 (27) |
2 (36) |
6 (43) |
4 (39) |
−2 (28) |
−12 (10) |
−23 (−9) |
−33 (−27) |
−37 (−35) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 39 (1.5) |
31 (1.2) |
31 (1.2) |
30 (1.2) |
38 (1.5) |
42 (1.7) |
35 (1.4) |
27 (1.1) |
41 (1.6) |
34 (1.3) |
35 (1.4) |
35 (1.4) |
418 (16.5) |
| Average rainy days | 3 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 7 | 4 | 65 |
| Average snowy days | 16 | 12 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 14 | 60 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 85 | 84 | 81 | 65 | 54 | 58 | 56 | 55 | 59 | 72 | 84 | 86 | 70 |
| Source 1: Myweather.com[16] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Meteoblue.com[17] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
[change | change source]- Yulia Alipova (born 1990), beauty pageant titleholder
- Artem Vodyakov (born 1991), speedway rider
- Yevgeni Khlebodarov (born 1980), former footballer
- Andrei Kovalenko (born 1970), professional ice hockey forward
- Dmitri Kugryshev (born 1990), professional ice hockey forward
- Andrey Kudryashov (born 1991), speedway rider
- Ivan Maximkin (born 1988), professional ice hockey defenceman
- Anastasia Karpova (born 1984), pop singer
Twin towns – sister cities
[change | change source]
References
[change | change source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Charter of Saratov Oblast, Article 10
- ↑ The official symbols of Balakovo enumerated in Article 2 of the Charter of Balakovo do not include the anthem.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 33. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Charter of Balakovo, Article 15
- ↑ Official website of Balakovo. City Head. Biography. Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Law #21-ZSO
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 63 207», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 63 207, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ↑ Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 63 407», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 63 407, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Law #103-ZSO
- ↑ Law #78-ZSO
- ↑ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ↑ Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved 9 Feb 2012.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved 9 Feb 2012.
- ↑ "Myweather.com". Retrieved May 13, 2012.
- ↑ "Meteoblue.com". Retrieved April 27, 2017.
- ↑ "Города-побратимы". mo-balakovo.ru (in Russian). Balakovo. Retrieved 2020-02-04.
Other websites
[change | change source]- Official website of Balakovo (in Russian)
- Directory of organizations in Balakovo (in Russian)
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| Geographic | |