Kingdom of Sardinia

For the kingdom as part of the Aragonese and Spanish crowns, see Kingdom of Sardinia (1324–1720). For the Savoyard phase of the kingdom, see Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861).

Kingdom of Sardinia Regnum Sardiniæ  (Latin) Regne de Sardenya  (Catalan) Reino de Cerdeña  (Spanish) Rennu de Sardigna  (Sardinian) Regno di Sardegna  (Italian)
1297–1861
Top: Flag during the Aragonese and Spanish periods, and again c. 1324–1720, longest use Bottom: Flag (1816–1848) during the union with Piedmont–Savoy Coat of arms Aragonese-Spanish periods Savoyard periods
Motto: FERT (Motto for the House of Savoy)
Anthem: S'hymnu sardu nationale "The Sardinian National Anthem"
Kingdom of Sardinia–Piedmont in 1859 including conquest of Lombardy; client state in light green
Status	Dependent state of Aragon (1324–1708) Austria (1708–1717) Spain (1717–1720) Sovereign composite state (1720–1847) Sovereign unitary state (1847–1861)
Capital	Cagliari (1324–1847) Turin (1847–1861)
Common languages	Catalan and Spanish (official, pre-1720), French (official, pre-1760), Italian (official, 1760) Sardinian, Corsican, Piedmontese, Ligurian, Occitan, and Arpitan
Religion	Roman Catholicism (official, 1848)
Demonym(s)	Sardinian
Government	Absolute monarchy (1324–1849) Parliamentary constitutional monarchy (1849–1861)
King
• 1324–1327 (first)	James II
• 1849–1861 (last)	Victor Emmanuel II
Prime Minister
• 1848 (first)	Cesare Balbo
• 1860–1861 (last)	Camillo Benso
Legislature	Parliament (1848–1861)
• Upper house	Subalpine Senate (1848–1861)
• Lower house	Chamber of Deputies (1848–1861)
Historical era	Middle Ages, early modern, late modern
• Papal investiture	1297
• Aragonese conquest	1324
• Imperial Habsburg Rule	1708
• Spanish reconquest	1717
• Became part of Savoy	1720
• Perfect Fusion	1848
• Loss of Savoy and Nice	1860
• Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy	17 March 1861
Area
• 1852	29,098 sq mi (75,360 km2)
Population
• 1852	4,650,368
Currency	Cagliarese (1720–1813) Sardinian scudo (1755–1816) Piedmontese scudo (1755–1816) French franc (1800–1814) Sardinian lira (1816–1861)
Preceded by Succeeded by Judicate of Arborea Republic of Pisa Republic of Sassari Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Savoy Republic of Genoa Duchy of Genoa Crown of Aragon United Provinces of Central Italy Kingdom of Italy Second French Empire
Today part of	Italy France Monaco

The Kingdom of Sardinia was a monarchy that ruled the Italian island of Sardinia. It was established in 1324. It was given to the House of Habsburg. They were eventually forced to give it to the House of Savoy. Since the House of Savoy also ruled Piedmont, the Kingdom was sometimes referred to as Sardinia-Piedmont. The Savoy family ruled from 1720 till 1861 when Italy officially united itself. Under the Savoy family, the capital of the state was Turin. The territory also included the city and surrounding land of Genoa. In Italian it was known as the Regno di Sardegna.

The kingdom was originally made up of the islands of Corsica and Sardinia. Sovereignty over both of those was claimed by the Popes. While under Spanish rule, the state was ruled by viceroys.

Notable monarchs

• Philip V of Spain ruled over the vast Spanish Empire including Sardinia.
• Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia first of the House of Savoy to rule the territory.
• Victor Emmanuel II of Italy later the first king of a united Italy.