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List of governors of New Jersey

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The Governor of New Jersey is the head of the executive branch of New Jersey's state government and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.

Governors of the State of New Jersey
No. Governor Term in office Party Election Lt. Governor[a][b]
1   William Livingston
(1723–1790)
[1][2]
August 31, 1776[3]

July 25, 1790
(died in office)
Federalist[4] 1776 Office did not exist
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
Elisha Lawrence
(1746–1799)
July 25, 1790[5]

October 29, 1790
(successor took office)
Federalist[4] Vice-president of
the Legislative
Council acting
2 William Paterson
(1745–1806)
[6][7]
October 29, 1790[8]

May 27, 1793
(resigned)[c]
Federalist[4] 1790
1791
1792
Thomas Henderson
(1743–1824)
[10][11]
May 27, 1793[d]

June 3, 1793
(successor took office)
Federalist[4] Vice-president of
the Legislative
Council acting
3 Richard Howell[e]
(1754–1802)
[14][15]
June 3, 1793[12]

October 31, 1801
(did not run)
Federalist[4] 1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
4 Joseph Bloomfield
(1753–1823)
[16][17]
October 31, 1801[18]

October 28, 1802
(deadlocked election)[f]
Democratic-
Republican
[4]
1801
John Lambert
(1746–1823)
[19][20]
October 28, 1802[19]

October 27, 1803
(successor took office)
Democratic-
Republican
[4]
1802[f]
4 Joseph Bloomfield
(1753–1823)
[16][17]
October 27, 1803[22]

October 29, 1812
(did not run)[g]
Democratic-
Republican
[4]
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
5 Aaron Ogden
(1756–1839)
[25][26]
October 29, 1812[27]

October 29, 1813
(lost election)
Federalist[4] 1812
6 William Sanford Pennington
(1757–1826)
[28][29]
October 29, 1813[30]

June 19, 1815
(resigned)[h]
Democratic-
Republican
[4]
1813
1814
William Kennedy
(1775–1826)
June 19, 1815[31]

October 26, 1815
(successor took office)
Democratic-
Republican
[4]
Vice-president of
the Legislative
Council acting
7 Mahlon Dickerson
(1770–1853)
[32][33]
October 26, 1815[34]

February 1, 1817
(resigned)[i]
Democratic-
Republican
[4]
1815
1816
8 Isaac Halstead Williamson
(1767–1844)
[35][36]
February 6, 1817[37]

October 30, 1829
(lost election)
Democratic-
Republican
[j]
1817[k]
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
Garret D. Wall
(1783–1850)
October 30, 1829[44]

November 2, 1829
(declined)[l]
Democratic[m] 1829[l]
9 Peter Dumont Vroom
(1791–1873)
[48][49]
November 6, 1829[50]

October 26, 1832
(lost election)
Democratic[4]
1830
1831
10 Samuel L. Southard
(1787–1842)
[51][52]
October 26, 1832[53]

February 27, 1833
(resigned)[n]
Whig[o] 1832[p]
11 Elias P. Seeley
(1791–1846)
[54][55]
February 27, 1833[56]

October 25, 1833
(lost election)
Whig[4]
9 Peter Dumont Vroom
(1791–1873)
[48][49]
October 25, 1833[57]

November 3, 1836
(resigned)[q]
Democratic[4] 1833
1834
1835
12 Philemon Dickerson
(1788–1862)
[59][60]
November 3, 1836[58]

October 27, 1837
(lost election)
Democratic[4] 1836
13 William Pennington
(1796–1862)
[61]
October 27, 1837[62]

October 27, 1843
(did not run)
Whig[4] 1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
14 Daniel Haines
(1801–1877)
[63][64]
October 27, 1843[65]

January 21, 1845
(did not run)[63]
Democratic[4] 1843
15 Charles C. Stratton
(1796–1859)
[66][67]
January 21, 1845[68]

January 18, 1848
(term-limited)[r]
Whig[4] 1844
14 Daniel Haines
(1801–1877)
[63][64]
January 18, 1848[70]

January 21, 1851
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1847
16 George Franklin Fort
(1809–1872)
[71][72]
January 21, 1851[73]

January 17, 1854
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1850
17 Rodman M. Price
(1816–1894)
[74][75]
January 17, 1854[76]

January 20, 1857
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1853
18 William A. Newell
(1817–1901)
[77][78]
January 20, 1857[79]

January 17, 1860
(term-limited)[r]
Republican[4] 1856
19 Charles Smith Olden
(1799–1876)
[80][81]
January 17, 1860[82]

January 20, 1863
(term-limited)[r]
Republican[4] 1859
20 Joel Parker
(1816–1888)
[83][84]
January 20, 1863[85]

January 16, 1866
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1862
21 Marcus Lawrence Ward
(1812–1884)
[86][87]
January 16, 1866[88]

January 19, 1869
(term-limited)[r]
Republican[4] 1865
22 Theodore Fitz Randolph
(1826–1883)
[89][90]
January 19, 1869[91]

January 16, 1872
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1868
20 Joel Parker
(1816–1888)
[83][84]
January 16, 1872[92]

January 19, 1875
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1871
23 Joseph D. Bedle
(1831–1894)
[93][94]
January 19, 1875[95]

January 15, 1878
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1874
24 George B. McClellan
(1826–1885)
[96][97]
January 15, 1878[98]

January 18, 1881
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1877
25 George C. Ludlow
(1830–1900)
[99][100]
January 18, 1881[101]

January 15, 1884
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1880
26 Leon Abbett
(1836–1894)
[102][103]
January 15, 1884[104]

January 18, 1887
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1883
27 Robert Stockton Green
(1831–1895)
[105][106]
January 18, 1887[107]

January 21, 1890
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1886
26 Leon Abbett
(1836–1894)
[102][103]
January 21, 1890[108]

January 17, 1893
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1889
28 George Theodore Werts
(1846–1910)
[109][110]
January 17, 1893[111]

January 21, 1896
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1892
29 John W. Griggs
(1849–1927)
[112][113]
January 21, 1896[114]

January 31, 1898
(resigned)[s]
Republican[4] 1895
Foster McGowan Voorhees
(1856–1927)
[115][116]
January 31, 1898[117]

October 18, 1898
(resigned)[t]
Republican[4] President of
the Senate
acting
David Ogden Watkins
(1862–1938)
[119][120]
October 18, 1898[121]

January 17, 1899
(successor took office)
Republican[4] Speaker of
the Assembly
acting
30 Foster McGowan Voorhees
(1856–1927)
[115][116]
January 17, 1899[122]

January 21, 1902
(term-limited)[r]
Republican[4] 1898[u]
31 Franklin Murphy
(1846–1920)
[126][127]
January 21, 1902[128]

January 17, 1905
(term-limited)[r]
Republican[4] 1901[v]
32 Edward C. Stokes
(1860–1942)
[130][131]
January 17, 1905[132]

January 21, 1908
(term-limited)[r]
Republican[4] 1904
33 John Franklin Fort
(1852–1920)
[133][134]
January 21, 1908[135]

January 17, 1911
(term-limited)[r]
Republican[4] 1907[w]
34 Woodrow Wilson
(1856–1924)
[137][138]
January 17, 1911[139]

March 1, 1913
(resigned)[x]
Democratic[4] 1910[y]
James Fairman Fielder
(1867–1954)
[144][145]
March 1, 1913[146]

October 28, 1913
(resigned)[z]
Democratic[4] President of
the Senate
acting
Leon Rutherford Taylor
(1883–1924)
[148][149]
October 28, 1913[150]

January 20, 1914
(successor took office)
Democratic[4] Speaker of
the Assembly
acting
35 James Fairman Fielder
(1867–1954)
[144][145]
January 20, 1914[151]

January 16, 1917
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1913[aa][ab]
36 Walter Evans Edge
(1873–1956)
[155][156]
January 16, 1917[157]

May 16, 1919
(resigned)[ac]
Republican[4] 1916[ab][ad]
William Nelson Runyon
(1871–1931)
[158][159]
May 16, 1919[160]

January 13, 1920
(senate term expired)
Republican[4] President of
the Senate
acting
Clarence E. Case
(1877–1961)
[161][162]
January 13, 1920[163]

January 20, 1920
(successor took office)
Republican[4] President of
the Senate
acting
37 Edward I. Edwards
(1863–1931)
[164][165]
January 20, 1920[166]

January 15, 1923
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1919
38 George Sebastian Silzer
(1870–1940)
[167][168]
January 15, 1923[169]

January 19, 1926
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1922
39 A. Harry Moore
(1877–1952)
[170][171]
January 19, 1926[172]

January 15, 1929
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1925
40 Morgan Foster Larson
(1882–1961)
[173][174]
January 15, 1929[175]

January 19, 1932
(term-limited)[r]
Republican[4] 1928
39 A. Harry Moore
(1877–1952)
[170][171]
January 19, 1932[176]

January 3, 1935
(resigned)[ae]
Democratic[4] 1931
Clifford Ross Powell
(1893–1973)
January 3, 1935[177]

January 8, 1935
(senate term expired)
Republican[4] President of
the Senate
acting
Horace Griggs Prall
(1881–1951)
[178][179]
January 8, 1935[180]

January 15, 1935
(successor took office)
Republican[4] President of
the Senate
acting
41 Harold G. Hoffman
(1896–1954)
[181][182]
January 15, 1935[183]

January 18, 1938
(term-limited)[r]
Republican[4] 1934
39 A. Harry Moore
(1877–1952)
[170][171]
January 18, 1938[184]

January 21, 1941
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1937
42 Charles Edison
(1890–1969)
[185][186]
January 21, 1941[187]

January 18, 1944
(term-limited)[r]
Democratic[4] 1940
36 Walter Evans Edge
(1873–1956)
[155][156]
January 18, 1944[188]

January 21, 1947
(term-limited)[r]
Republican[4] 1943
43 Alfred E. Driscoll
(1902–1975)
[189][190]
January 21, 1947[191]

January 19, 1954
(term-limited)[af]
Republican[4] 1946
1949
44 Robert B. Meyner
(1908–1990)
[193][194]
January 19, 1954[195]

January 16, 1962
(term-limited)[af]
Democratic[4] 1953
1957
45 Richard J. Hughes
(1909–1992)
[196][197]
January 16, 1962[198]

January 20, 1970
(term-limited)[af]
Democratic[4] 1961
1965
46 William T. Cahill
(1912–1996)
[199][200]
January 20, 1970[201]

January 15, 1974
(lost nomination)[ag]
Republican[4] 1969
47 Brendan Byrne
(1924–2018)
[202][203]
January 15, 1974[204]

January 19, 1982
(term-limited)[af]
Democratic[4] 1973
1977
48 Thomas Kean
(b. 1935)
[205]
January 19, 1982[206]

January 16, 1990
(term-limited)[af]
Republican[205] 1981
1985
49 James Florio
(1937–2022)
[207]
January 16, 1990[208]

January 18, 1994
(lost election)
Democratic[207] 1989
50 Christine Todd Whitman
(b. 1946)
[209]
January 18, 1994[210]

January 31, 2001
(resigned)[ah]
Republican[209] 1993
1997
51 Donald DiFrancesco
(b. 1944)
[211]
January 31, 2001

January 8, 2002
(senate term expired)
Republican[211] Succeeded from
president of
the Senate
[ai]
John Farmer Jr.
(b. 1957)
January 8, 2002[213]

January 8, 2002
(successor took office)
Republican Attorney
general
acting
[aj]
John O. Bennett
(b. 1948)
[214]
January 8, 2002[215]

January 12, 2002
(successor took office)
Republican[214] President of
the Senate
acting
[ak]
Richard Codey
(b. 1946)
[217]
January 12, 2002[218]

January 15, 2002
(successor took office)
Democratic[217] President of
the Senate
acting
[ak]
52 Jim McGreevey
(b. 1957)
[219]
January 15, 2002[220]

November 15, 2004
(resigned)[al]
Democratic[219] 2001
53 Richard Codey
(b. 1946)
[217]
November 16, 2004[222]

January 17, 2006
(did not run)
Democratic[217] Succeeded from
president of
the Senate
[am]
54 Jon Corzine
(b. 1947)
[223]
January 17, 2006[224]

January 19, 2010
(lost election)
Democratic[223] 2005[an]
55 Chris Christie
(b. 1962)
[227]
January 19, 2010[228]

January 16, 2018
(term-limited)[af]
Republican[227] 2009   Kim Guadagno
2013
56 Phil Murphy
(b. 1957)
[229]
January 16, 2018[230]

Incumbent[ao]
Democratic[229] 2017 Sheila Oliver
(died August 1, 2023)
2021
Vacant
Tahesha Way
(appointed September 8, 2023)
Elect Mikie Sherrill
(b. 1972)
Taking office
January 20, 2026
Democratic 2025 Dale Caldwell (elect)
  1. The office of lieutenant governor was created in 2006 and first filled in 2010.
  2. Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
  3. Paterson resigned, having been confirmed as associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.[6] He submitted his resignation on March 30, but it was not accepted by the legislature until May 27.[9]
  4. Sobel says that Henderson acted as governor because Howell was commanding troops during the Whiskey Rebellion until June 3;[10] however, Howell wasn't elected governor until June 3, and did not accept until June 4.[12]
  5. Howell was in Pennsylvania in command of the New Jersey militia during the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794; during his absence, Vice-President of the Legislative Council Thomas Henderson acted as governor from September 20 to December 25.[13]
  6. 1 2 The 1802 election was deadlocked, with the legislature unable to pick a candidate, giving up on November 25, 1802. Vice-president of the Legislative Council Lambert acted as governor until the next election.[21]
  7. Bloomfield was commissioned a brigadier general in March 1812, to serve in the War of 1812,[16] and Charles Clark, vice-president of the Legislative Council, acted as governor until his successor took office.[23] The specific dates are in question; the state report says Bloomfield was commissioned March 30 and Clark took office June 1, while Lee says Bloomfield was commissioned March 27.[24] It is unknown if Bloomfield formally resigned; Sobel says he did, but no sources list Clark as a full governor.
  8. Pennington resigned, having been appointed to the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey.[28]
  9. Dickerson resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate.[32]
  10. Williamson was known to be a Federalist; though the Federalist Party ceased existing around 1820, no sources say Williamson changed his party affiliation, perhaps choosing to remain loyal to the Federalist ideals.[38] One source describes him as an "ex-Federalist" before he was even elected.[39] However, Glashan[40] and Kallenbach[4] label him as a Democratic-Republican, while Dubin labels him as a Democratic-Republican until 1821, with no party affiliation after that.[41]
  11. Williamson was elected by the legislature to succeed him Dickerson.[42] No source mentions anyone acting as governor between Dickerson's resignation and Williamson's election; Jesse Upson, vice-president of the Legislative Council, likely acted as governor.[43]
  12. 1 2 Wall was elected on October 30, 1829, but declined the post on November 2;[45] some sources say the resignation was effective November 6, when his successor was elected.[46]
  13. No source directly cites Wall's party affiliation when he was elected governor, but it is known he was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1835.[47]
  14. Southard resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate.[51]
  15. Dubin[41] and Glashan[40] label Southard a National Republican, while Kallenbach[4] and Sobel[51] label him a Whig.
  16. Seeley was vice-president of the Legislative Council at the time of Southard's resignation, but he was elected governor rather than simply acting in the post for the rest of the term.[54]
  17. Contemporary sources say Vroom resigned due to ill health.[58]
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Under the 1844 constitution, governors were ineligible for three years after their term.[69]
  19. Griggs resigned, having been confirmed as United States Attorney General.[112]
  20. Voorhees wanted to run for governor, but as governors were prohibited from succeeding themselves, he had to resign first.[118]
  21. Voorhees was out of the country in Europe for several weeks in 1900; President of the Senate William M. Johnson acted as governor from May 21 to June 19.[123][124][125]
  22. Murphy was out of the state twice in 1904; President of the Senate Edmund W. Wakelee acted as governor twice, and according to page 284 the 1905 Manual of the Legislature, served from April 25 to June 5, when Murphy was in Europe, and from June 14 to June 27, when Murphy was visiting Chicago and St. Louis.[129] However, page 16 of the same book states that he served from April 25 to June 5, and June 15 to June 27.[123] He actually took the oaths of office on April 26 and June 14.[125]
  23. Fort was out of the state for some time in 1909; President of the Senate Joseph Sherman Frelinghuysen, Sr. acted as governor for an unknown period.[136]
  24. Wilson resigned, having been elected President of the United States.[137]
  25. Wilson was out of the state for multiple periods during his administration.[124] Documented episodes include from May 3 to June 3, 1911, during which time President of the Senate Ernest R. Ackerman acted as governor,[140][141] though another source states he took the oath on May 4.[142] Ackerman also acted as governor from October 25, 1911, for about a week, and again for about a week in mid-November, 1911.[143] John Dyneley Prince became president of the Senate in 1912, and is known to have acted as governor on at least 11 different occasions.[143]
  26. Fielder wanted to run for governor, but as governors were prohibited from succeeding themselves, he had to resign first.[147]
  27. Fielder was out of the state for a time in June 1914; President of the Senate John W. Slocum acted as governor for an unknown period.[152] Walter Evans Edge later became president of the Senate, and acted as governor for five weeks in 1915.[153] Later again, George W. F. Gaunt became president of the Senate and acted as governor, though only two days are specifically known: September 19 and October 9, 1916.[154]
  28. 1 2 One source states that President of the Senate George W. F. Gaunt acted as governor in 1917, but it is unknown if he was acting in place of James Fairman Fielder or Walter Evans Edge.[124]
  29. Edge resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate.[155]
  30. Edge was out of the state for a time in 1918; President of the Senate Thomas F. McCran is known to have acted as governor, but for an unknown period.[124]
  31. Moore resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate.[170]
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Under the 1947 constitution, governors who have served two successive terms are ineligible for four years.[192]
  33. Cahill lost the Republican nomination to Charles W. Sandman Jr.
  34. Whitman resigned, having been confirmed as Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.[209]
  35. A 2006 law considers anyone who has acted as governor longer than 180 days to be considered a full governor, retroactive to January 1, 2001, and as such, DiFrancesco is considered to have fully succeeded to the post.[212]
  36. There were 90 minutes between the end of DiFrancesco's senate term and the beginning of the next one; during this time, Attorney General Farmer acted as governor.[213]
  37. 1 2 The new state senate was evenly split between Republicans and Democrats.[216] The compromise to pick a senate president – and therefore, an acting governor – was to have Republican John Bennett act as governor from 1:30pm January 8 to 12:01am January 12, and Democrat Richard Codey would then act from 12:01am January 12 to noon on January 15, at which point the elected governor took office.[214]
  38. McGreevey resigned due to a sex scandal.[221]
  39. A 2006 law considers anyone who has acted as governor longer than 180 days to be considered a full governor, retroactive to January 1, 2001, and as such, Codey is considered to have fully succeeded to the post.[212]
  40. Corzine was severely injured in a car accident on April 12, 2007; President of the Senate Richard Codey acted as governor until May 7, 2007.[225] Corzine also left the country in 2010 for a vacation to Switzerland; President of the Senate Stephen M. Sweeney acted as governor from January 14 to around January 17.[226]
  41. Murphy's second term began on January 18, 2022,[231] and will expire on January 20, 2026; he will be term-limited.

References

[change | change source]
  1. Sobel 1978, p. 1007.
  2. "William Livingston". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
  3. New Jersey Legislature. Minutes and proceedings of the Council and General Assembly of the state of New-Jersey, in joint-meeting, from August 30, 1776 to October 29, 1799. p. 4.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 Kallenbach 1977, pp. 399–402.
  5. Report p. 122
  6. 1 2 Sobel 1978, pp. 1007–1008.
  7. "William Paterson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
  8. New Jersey Legislature. Minutes and proceedings of the Council and General Assembly of the state of New-Jersey, in joint-meeting, from August 30, 1776 to October 29, 1799. p. 41.
  9. New Jersey Legislature. Minutes and proceedings of the Council and General Assembly of the state of New-Jersey, in joint-meeting, from August 30, 1776 to October 29, 1799. p. 25.
  10. 1 2 Sobel 1978, pp. 1008–1009.
  11. "Thomas Henderson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
  12. 1 2 New Jersey Legislature. Minutes and proceedings of the Council and General Assembly of the state of New-Jersey, in joint-meeting, from August 30, 1776 to October 29, 1799. p. 27.
  13. Report p. 123
  14. Sobel 1978, p. 1009.
  15. "Richard Howell". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
  16. 1 2 3 Sobel 1978, p. 1010.
  17. 1 2 "Joseph Bloomfield". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
  18. "none". Aurora General Advertiser. 1801-11-06. p. 3. Retrieved 2023-04-17. Joseph Bloomfield, the democratic candidate is, therefore, our Governor for the next year.
  19. 1 2 Sobel 1978, pp. 1010–1011.
  20. "John Lambert". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
  21. Lee 1902, pp. 155–156.
  22. Lee 1902, p. 156.
  23. Report p. 124
  24. Lee 1902, p. 102.
  25. Sobel 1978, pp. 1011–1012.
  26. "Aaron Ogden". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
  27. New Jersey Legislature. Journal of the Legislative Council. 1812 sess., 246247, accessed September 28, 2023
  28. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 1012.
  29. "William Sanford Pennington". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
  30. New Jersey Legislature. Journal of the Legislative Council. 1813 sess., 274275, accessed September 28, 2023
  31. Report pp. 125–126
  32. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 1013.
  33. "Mahlon Dickerson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
  34. New Jersey Legislature. Journal of the Legislative Council. 1816 sess., 326, accessed September 28, 2023
  35. Sobel 1978, pp. 1013–1014.
  36. "Issac Halsted Williamson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
  37. Report p. 126
  38. Whitehead, John (1897). The Civil and Judicial History of New Jersey, Volume I. The Boston History Company. p. 361. Retrieved January 15, 2010.
  39. Birkner, Michael (1984). Samuel L. Southard: Jeffersonian Whig. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-8386-3160-7. Retrieved January 15, 2010.
  40. 1 2 Glashan 1979, p. 208.
  41. 1 2 Dubin 2003, p. 158.
  42. Lee 1902, pp. 160–161.
  43. Lundy et al. (1921) p. 127
  44. "New-Jersey". Burlington Weekly Free Press. 1829-11-13. p. 2. Retrieved 2023-04-19.
  45. New Jersey Legislature. Journal of the Legislative Council. 1829 sess., 9, accessed September 28, 2023
  46. Lee 1902, p. 378.
  47. United States Congress. "WALL, Garret Dorset (id: W000071)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
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