Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab

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Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
محمد بن عبد الوهاب
Title Imam, Shaykh
Born 1703 (1703) (1115 A.H)

'Uyayna, Najd[1]
Died 1792(1792-00-00) (aged 88–89) (1206 AH)

Diriyah, Emirate of Diriyah[2]
Religion Islam
Children
List
  • 'Alī (first)
  • Ḥasan
  • Ḥusain
  • Ibrāhīm
  • Abdullāh
  • 'Alī
  • Fāṭimah
  • 'Abdulazīz
Denomination Sunni
Jurisprudence Hanbali,[3] Ahl al-Ḥadīth/Independent[4]
Creed Atharī[5]
Movement Muwahhidun (Wahhabi)[6]
Main interest(s) ʿAqīdah (Islamic theology)
Notable work(s) Kitāb at-Tawḥīd (Arabic: كتاب التوحيد; "The Book of Monotheism")[2]
Relatives Sulayman (brother)
Influenced by
  • Ahmad Ibn Hanbal
  • Ibn Taymiyyah
  • Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya
  • Muhammad Hayyat ibn Ibrahim al-Sindhi
  • Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali
Influenced

Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab was a Sunni scholar from Saudi Arabia and the creator of the Wahhabi movement.[7][8][9][10][11] He was a follower of the Hanbali madhab and he promoted that every Muslim should study the Qur'an and hadith instead of blindly following the scholars and making independent fatwas.[12][13][14] He took inspiration from Ibn Taymiyyah and started to heavily reform the religion by not following medieval rulings.[15][16]

References[change | change source]

  1. ↑ "?Abd Al-Wahhab, Muhammad Ibn (1703-1792)". Encyclopedia.com. 29 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb Muslim theologian".
  3. ↑ "Ibn Abd al-Wahhab, Muhammad - Oxford Islamic Studies Online".
  4. ↑ Glasse, Cyril (2001).
  5. ↑ Halverson 2010, p. 48.
  6. ↑ Brown 2009, pp. 245–47.
  7. ↑ Mouline, Nabil (2014). The Clerics of Islam: Religious Authority and Political Power in Saudi Arabia. London: Yale University Press. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-300-17890-6. He was not a great intellectual like Ibn Qudama, Ibn Taymiyya, or Ibn al-Qayyim but rather an activist.
  8. ↑ Haykel 2013, pp. 231–32.
  9. ↑ N. Stearns, Peter (2008). "Wahhabism". The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195176322.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-517632-2. Muhammad ibn ῾Abd al-Wahhab (1703–1792), was a scholar and Hanbali jurist who called for a return to the fundamental sources of Islamic revelation, the Qur᾽an and sunna (example of Muhammad) for direct interpretation, resulting in decreased attention to and reliance upon medieval interpretations of these sources
  10. ↑ "Ibn Abd al-Wahhab, Muhammad (d. 1791 )". Oxford Islamic Studies Online. Archived from the original on 12 July 2016.
  11. ↑ Sources:
  12. ↑ J. Delong-Bas, Natana (2004). Wahhabi Islam:From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 29, 30, 117, 28, 37. ISBN 0195169913.
  13. ↑ "Ibn Abd al-Wahhab, Muhammad (d. 1791 )". Oxford Islamic Studies. Archived from the original on 12 July 2016.
  14. ↑ J. Delong-Bas, Natana (2004). Wahhabi Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 14, 21, 29. ISBN 0195169913.
  15. ↑ Sources:
  16. ↑ Weismann, Itzchak (2001). "7: Local Renaissance under the Centralizing Regimes (1883-1918)". Taste of Modernity: Sufism, Salafiyya, and Arabism in Late Ottoman Damascus. Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. p. 268. ISBN 90-04-11908-6.
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