User:Irtapil/2022 Palestinian reconciliation agreement (from Arabic with MinT)

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Machine translated using mostly minT

The Algerian Palestinian Reconciliation Paper, referred to as the Algeria Declaration in the Arab media, is an agreement signed by 14 different Palestinian factions, of which Fatah and Hamas are part of the reconciliation process between the two factions following a conflict that began following the 2006 Palestinian legislative elections and included Hamas' control of Gaza in 2007.

The agreement included provisions for holding presidential and legislative elections within a year of its signing.

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Background[change | change source]

Fatah and Hamas

MinT said "Open and enthusiastic"[change | change source]

The Fatah movement and Hamas are currently the two largest Palestinian movements. Fatah was founded in 1969, and is the main member of the Palestine Liberation Organization, an umbrella body comprising several streams.[1][2] Fatah adopts a moderate stance in The conflict with Israel, preferring a two-state solution where a Palestinian state is being built on the West Bank and Gaza Strip, with Jerusalem . its capital.[3]

Hamas, founded later in 1987, is a Palestinian Islamist movement. Hamas takes a more rigorous stance in the conflict with Israel, seeking complete liberation of Palestine and the establishment of an independent Palestinian state over the entire Palestinian territory, including the West Bank and Gaza Strip, without extortion in any part of it.[4][5][6][7]

The conflict between Fatah and Hamas[change | change source]

See the main article: ar: الانقسام الفلسطيني

Elections and the Battle of Gaza[change | change source]

The conflict between Fatah and Hamas began following the 2006 legislative elections, in which Hamas participated and won 74 of the 132 seats.[8] It refused to open cooperation with the Hamas government led by Ismail Haniyeh.[9] Tensions escalated on 10 June 2007 when armed clashes broke out between Fatah and Hamas forces in the Gaza Strip.[10] By June 15, the entire Gaza Strip was under the control of Hamas fighters.[11]

Reconciliation talks and previous agreements[change | change source]

Before 2022, there were several attempts at reconciliation between Fatah and Hamas, mediated between Egypt and Qatar. A number of agreements have been reached and implemented in various degrees, such as the Sanaa Declaration in 2008, the Doha Declaration between Fatah and Hamas in 2012, the Fatah and Hamas 2014 agreements, and the agreement reached in 2020, as well as three agreements held in Cairo . 2011, 2012 and 2017.[12][13][14][15][16][17][18]

The negotiations[change | change source]

QIn January 2022, Hamas announced that a delegation led by Ismail Hanifa would be heading to Algeria for "Palestinian Unity Talks", after receiving an invitation from the Algerian ambassador to Qatar, where Hanifa is present.[19]

In July 2022,Mahmoud Abbas ., Fatah leader and head of The Palestinian National Authority, held a public meeting with Haniyeh for the first time in over five years in Algeria's capital. Hamas welcomed the "historic meeting".[20][21]

In September 2022, delegations from Fatah and Hamas were reported to have moved to Algeria for talks on reconciliation. [22]

The deal[change | change source]

A number of media outlets in the Arab country released the text of the agreement, which was officially signed at a ceremony held in the Algerian capital on 13 October 2022.[23][24] The Convention contained the following provisions:

  • Emphasizing that the PLO is the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people, and adopting national dialogue to ensure the involvement of all factions in the organization.
  • Elections to The Palestinian National Council, the legislature of the PLO, were held within a year of the signing of the agreement. (Algeria made an offer to host Council meetings after its election, an offer that was "approved by all the factions participating in the conference").
  • Presidential and parliamentary elections for the Palestinian National Authority in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank including Jerusalem City were held within one year of the signing of the agreement.
  • The Algerian Arab Team oversees the implementation of the agreement.

The agreement was signed by 14 Palestinian factions.[25]

Reactions[change | change source]

Azam Ahmed, head of the Fatah delegation, stated that the factions "signed this agreement to get rid of the malign division cancer that has spread in the Palestinian body", and expressed optimism that his move "is to implement the agreement and that it will not remain ink on paper".[26][27]

Ismail Haniyeh, Hamas's leader, said: "It is a day of joy in Palestine and Algeria for those who love The Palestinian cause, but it is a day for grief for the Zionist entity".[28]

Algerian President Abdel-Majid Tabon attended the signing ceremony praising the agreement and said that The State of Palestine "has been through setbacks, problems and plots but today, thank God, we are witnessing a historic day".[29]

[30] Barghouti, Secretary-General of The Palestinian National Initiative, told CNN that "the election of the Palestinians' National Council at home and abroad, with the system of proportional representation with the participation of all Palestinian factions, has been agreed upon within a maximum period of one year from the date of signing the declaration".[5]

References[change | change source]

  1. ↑ "Just Vision". justvision.org (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 26 مايو 2021. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  2. ↑ Tahhan, Zena Al. "Hamas vs Fatah: Same goal, different approaches". www.aljazeera.com (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 14 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  3. ↑ Ahmed, Kaamil (20 مارس 2017). "Two-state solution 'only game in town': Fatah leader". Anadolu Agency. Archived from the original on 02 ديسمبر 2021. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)
  4. ↑ الهدف, بوابة (20 يوليو 2019). "هنية: لا نعارض دولة على حدود 67". بوابة الهدف الإخبارية (in العربية). Archived from the original on 22 أبريل 2021. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  5. ↑ "أبرز ما جاء في لقاء إسماعيل هنية مع علي الظفيري على شاشة قناة الجزيرة الفضائية". gazaalan.net (in العربية). Archived from the original on 16 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  6. ↑ "Hamas: The Palestinian militant group that rules Gaza". BBC News. BBC News. 1 يوليو 2021. Archived from the original on 24 يناير 2018. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)
  7. ↑ Laub, Zachary; Robinson, Kali (17 أغسطس 2021). "What Is Hamas?". Council on Foreign Relations (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 12 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  8. ↑ Central Elections Commission (CEC) (PDF). Archived from the original (pdf) on 29 أكتوبر 2008. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)
  9. ↑ "TIMELINE: Key events since 2006 Hamas election victory". Reuters (in الإنجليزية). Reuters. 20 يونيو 2007. Archived from the original on 30 سبتمبر 2015. Retrieved 07 أبريل 2023. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  10. ↑ "Only the dead enter Gaza; Al Mezan calls for immediate opening of the Rafah Crossing – occupied Palestinian territory". ReliefWeb (in الإنجليزية). 25 يوليو 2007. Archived from the original on 20 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  11. ↑ Tran, Mark; Urquart, Conal (15 يونيو 2007). "Hamas takes control of Gaza". the Guardian (in الإنجليزية). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 08 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help); Missing |author1= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  12. ↑ Sudam, Mohamed (23 مارس 2008). "Fatah and Hamas sign reconciliation deal". Reuters (in الإنجليزية). Reuters. Archived from the original on 01 أبريل 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  13. ↑ Reuters (27 أبريل 2011). "Hamas and Fatah agree to form caretaker government". The Guardian (in الإنجليزية). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 26 فبراير 2021. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help); Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  14. ↑ "New Palestinian government will respect PLO accords, Abbas says" (in الإنجليزية). 19 فبراير 2012. Archived from the original on 19 فبراير 2012. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  15. ↑ Rudoren, Jodi; Akram, Fares (20 مايو 2012). "Palestinians Sign Deal to Set Up Elections". The New York Times (in الإنجليزية). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 26 مايو 2018. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  16. ↑ Toameh, Khaled Abu (25 سبتمبر 2014). "Text of Fatah-Hamas agreement". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on 03 ديسمبر 2017. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)
  17. ↑ "Palestinian factions Hamas and Fatah end split on Gaza". BBC News. BBC News. 12 أكتوبر 2017. Archived from the original on 22 مارس 2019. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)
  18. ↑ Boxerman, Aaron. "Fatah, Hamas say they've agreed to hold Palestinian elections in coming months". Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 09 أغسطس 2021. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)
  19. ↑ "Hamas delegation to head to Algeria for Palestinian unity talks". Hamas (in العربية). 15 يناير 2022. Archived from the original on 15 يناير 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  20. ↑ "Palestinian president, Hamas chief hold rare public meeting |". AW (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 16 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  21. ↑ "Palestinian rivals Abbas, Haniyeh shake hands in Algeria – Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted coverage of the Middle East". www.al-monitor.com (in الإنجليزية). 08 يوليو 2022. Archived from the original on 07 أغسطس 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  22. ↑ middleeastmonitor (20 سبتمبر 2022). "Fatah, Hamas head to Algeria to discuss Palestinian reconciliation". Middle East Monitor. Archived from the original on 27 سبتمبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)
  23. ↑ "الأناضول تنشر نص "إعلان الجزائر" للمصالحة الفلسطينية". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 13 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)
  24. ↑ للأنباء, وكالة قدس برس إنترناشيونال. "نص". وكالة قدس برس إنترناشيونال للأنباء (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 13 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  25. ↑ "Palestinian factions sign reconciliation agreement in Algeria". www.aljazeera.com (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 14 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  26. ↑ FRANCE24.English (13 أكتوبر 2022). "Palestinian rivals Hamas and Fatah sign reconciliation deal in Algiers". France 24 (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 14 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  27. ↑ "Palestinian rivals Hamas and Fatah sign reconciliation deal in Algiers". WION (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 14 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  28. ↑ "Palestinian factions sign reconciliation deal in Algiers". Al Arabiya English (in الإنجليزية). 13 أكتوبر 2022. Archived from the original on 13 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  29. ↑ شاوش, أمين (13 أكتوبر 2022). "الرئيس تبون: التوقيع على "إعلان الجزائر" بين الفصائل الفلسطينية يوم تاريخي". الشروق أونلاين (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 14 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)
  30. ↑ Dahman, Abeer Salman,Ibrahim (13 أكتوبر 2022). "Leading Palestinian factions sign reconciliation deal, aiming to pave way to elections". CNN (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 15 أكتوبر 2022. Retrieved 16 أكتوبر 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, and |archive-date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
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