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Gelderland

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gelderland / Guelders
Gelderland / Gelderlaand
Province
Uddelsche Buurtveld (municipality of Apeldoorn)
Uddelsche Buurtveld (municipality of Apeldoorn)
Flag of Gelderland / Guelders
Coat of arms of Gelderland / Guelders
Map: Province of Guelders in the NetherlandsSouth HollandNorth HollandFrieslandGroningenDrentheFlevolandOverijsselGelderlandUtrechtLimburgNorth BrabantZeeland (province)
Map: Province of Guelders in the Netherlands
Location
Map
Map
Coordinates: 52°5′N 5°55′E / 52.083°N 5.917°E / 52.083; 5.917
CountryNetherlands
Established1815
SeatArnhem
Area
 • Total5,136 km2 (1,983 sq mi)
 • Land4,960 km2 (1,920 sq mi)
 • Water176 km2 (68 sq mi)
Highest elevation
110 m (360 ft)
Lowest elevation
−1 m (−3 ft)
Population
 (2023)
 • Total2,134,000
 • Density430/km2 (1,100/sq mi)
Websitewww.gelderland.nl

Gelderland or Guelders is a province in the east of the Netherlands. The capital city is Arnhem, but Nijmegen and Apeldoorn are bigger. Other important cities are Zutphen, Doetinchem, Harderwijk and Tiel. About 2,134,000 people are living in Gelderland (2023).

It is surrounded by the provinces of Limburg, North Brabant, South Holland, Utrecht, Flevoland and Overijssel and the German federal state North Rhine-Westphalia.

The most important rivers are the Rhine (Rijn), the Waal, the IJssel and the Maas (border with North Brabant). The border with Flevoland is formed by the so-called randmeer ("border lake") of the Flevopolder.

In the 11th century, Guelders was a county. It was called Gelre in Dutch and Geldern in German. In 1339, it became a duchy. At first, it existed of the surroundings of the city of Geldern (now in Germany). By the end of the 14th century, it included most of the modern province of Gelderland and parts of the province of Limburg and of the German District of Cleves. It became part of the Habsburg Netherlands in 1543, one of the Seventeen Provinces.

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