List of heads of state of Libya
| Head of State of Libya | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Inaugural holder | Idris I as King of Libya |
| Formation | 24 December 1951 |
| Website | www.gnc.gov.ly (in Arabic) |
This is a list of heads of state of Libya since independence in 1951.
Heads of state of Libya (1951–present)
[change | change source]
Kingdom of Libya (1951–1969)[change | change source] | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Name | Portrait | Lifespan | Reign | Dynasty | |||
| Reign start | Reign end | Duration | ||||||
| King of Libya | ||||||||
| 1 | Idris I | 
|
1889–1983 | 24 December 1951 | 1 September 1969 | 17 years, 251 days | Senussi | |
| The first and only King of Libya. Deposed in the 1969 coup d'état. | ||||||||
Libya under Gaddafi (1969–2011)[change | change source]Libyan Arab Republic (1969–1977)[change | change source] | ||||||||
| No. | Name | Portrait | Lifespan | Term of office | Political party | |||
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council | ||||||||
| 2 | Muammar Gaddafi | .jpg)
|
1942–2011 | 1 September 1969 | 2 March 1977 | 7 years, 182 days | Military / Arab Socialist Union | |
| Gaddafi dissolved the Revolutionary Command Council on 2 March 1977, after the General People's Congress adopted the Declaration on the Establishment of the Authority of the People. | ||||||||
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977–2011)[change | change source] | ||||||||
| Secretaries-General of the General People's Congress | ||||||||
| (2) | Muammar Gaddafi |
|
1942–2011 | 2 March 1977 | 2 March 1979 | 2 years | Military / Independent (Islamic socialist) | |
| Gaddafi renounced all government functions on 2 March 1979. However, as leader of the revolution (officially "Brotherly Leader and Guide of the Revolution"), he retained ultimate control over Libya until he was deposed and killed during the 2011 Civil War.[1][2] | ||||||||
| 3 | Abdul Ati al-Obeidi | .jpg)
|
born 1939 | 2 March 1979 | 7 January 1981 | 1 year, 311 days | Independent (Islamic socialist) | |
| Previously served as Secretary-General of the General People's Committee (Prime Minister), from 1977 to 1979. | ||||||||
| 4 | Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab | 
|
born 1940 | 7 January 1981 | 15 February 1984 | 3 years, 39 days | Independent (Islamic socialist) | |
| Afterwards served as Secretary-General of the General People's Committee (Prime Minister), from 1984 to 1986. | ||||||||
| 5 | Mifta al-Usta Umar |
|
1935–2010 | 15 February 1984 | 7 October 1990 | 6 years, 234 days | Independent (Islamic socialist) | |
| Served at the time of the 1986 United States bombing (Operation El Dorado Canyon). | ||||||||
| 6 | Abdul Razzaq as-Sawsa |
|
1933–2016 | 7 October 1990 | 18 January 1992 | 1 year, 103 days | Independent (Islamic socialist) | |
| 7 | Muhammad az-Zanati | 
|
born 1944 | 18 January 1992 | 3 March 2008 | 16 years, 45 days | Independent (Islamic socialist) | |
| 8 | Miftah Muhammed K'eba |
|
born 1947 | 3 March 2008 | 5 March 2009 | 1 year, 2 days | Independent (Islamic socialist) | |
| 9 | Imbarek Shamekh |
|
born 1952 | 5 March 2009[3] | 26 January 2010 | 327 days | Independent (Islamic socialist) | |
| Previously served as Secretary-General of the General People's Committee (Prime Minister), from 2000 to 2003. | ||||||||
| 10 | Mohamed Abu al-Qasim al-Zwai |
|
born 1952 | 26 January 2010[4] | 23 August 2011 | 1 year, 209 days | Independent (Islamic socialist) | |
| Served at the time of the First Civil War and the concurrent foreign military intervention. Deposed during the Battle of Tripoli. | ||||||||
Transitional period (2011–present)[change | change source] | ||||||||
| Chairman of the National Transitional Council | ||||||||
| 11 | Mustafa Abdul Jalil | .jpg)
|
born 1952 | 5 March 2011 | 8 August 2012 | 1 year, 156 days | Independent | |
| In rebellion to 23 August 2011, based in Benghazi during this period. | ||||||||
| Presidents of the General National Congress | ||||||||
| — | Mohammed Ali Salim Acting President |
|
born 1935 | 8 August 2012 | 9 August 2012 | 1 day | Independent | |
| Symbolic head of state for the handover of power from the NTC. | ||||||||
| 12 | Mohammed Magariaf | 
|
born 1940 | 9 August 2012 | 28 May 2013 | 292 days | National Front Party | |
| Resigned to comply with the Political Isolation Law passed by the GNC on 14 May 2013. | ||||||||
| — | Giuma Ahmed Atigha Acting President |
.JPG)
|
born 1950 | 28 May 2013 | 25 June 2013 | 28 days | Independent | |
| 13 | Nouri Abusahmain | 
|
born 1956 | 25 June 2013 | 5 April 2016 | 2 years, 285 days | Independent | |
| In rebellion, based in Tripoli. Internationally recognized until 4 August 2014. | ||||||||
| Following the 2014 legislative election, the government was split between the newly-elected House of Representatives and the outgoing General National Congress, resulting in the ongoing civil war. The 2014 legislative elections were declared invalid by the Libyan Supreme Court in November 2014. | ||||||||
| Presidents of the House of Representatives | ||||||||
| — | Abu Bakr Baira Acting President |
|
born 1941 | 4 August 2014 | 5 August 2014 | 1 day | Independent | |
| Symbolic head of state for the handover of power from the GNC. | ||||||||
| 14 | Aguila Saleh Issa | .jpg)
|
born 1944 | 5 August 2014 | 15 March 2021 | 6 years, 222 days | Independent | |
| In rebellion, based in Tobruk. Internationally recognized until 12 March 2016. | ||||||||
| Following the inauguration of the Presidential Council and the Government of National Accord, the government remained split between the House of Representatives and the National Salvation Government, recreated after the 2016 coup d'état attempt. Afterwards, the High Council of the Revolution was created as well. However, the High Council of State, based in Tripoli, recognized the GNA. | ||||||||
| Chairmen of the Presidential Council | ||||||||
| 15 | Fayez al-Sarraj | _(cropped).jpg)
|
born 1960 | 30 March 2016 | 15 March 2021 | 4 years, 350 days | Independent | |
| Internationally recognized, based in Tripoli. Simultaneously served as Prime Minister of the Government of National Accord. | ||||||||
| 16 | Mohamed al-Menfi | 
|
born 1976 | 15 March 2021 | Incumbent | 3 years, 256 days | Independent | |
| Internationally recognized, based in Tripoli. | ||||||||
Affiliations
[change | change source]| ASU | Arab Socialist Union |
| Nasserist, centrist, government party, only legal party 1971-1977 | |
| Mil | Military |
| NFP | National Front Party |
| Centrist; successor political organization (2012–present) to the diaspora National Front for the Salvation of Libya (in exile 1981–2011) | |
| n-p | non-partisan |
| edit this box | |
References
[change | change source]- ↑ Wynne-Jones, Jonathan (19 March 2011). "Libyan minister claims Gaddafi is powerless and the ceasefire is 'solid'". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
- ↑ "Gaddafi: Libya dignity under attack". Al Jazeera. 2 March 2011. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi has said that he is not a president and so cannot resign his position, and that power is in the hands of the people, during a televised public rally in the capital, Tripoli.
- ↑ "Limited Reshuffle in GP Congress, GP Committee". The Tripoli Post. 6 March 2009. Archived from the original on 4 April 2015. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
- ↑ "Friend of Gaddafi named to head Libyan parliament". afran.ir. 27 January 2010. Retrieved 1 January 2021.