46 BC

Millennium:	1st millennium BC
Centuries:	2nd century BC – 1st century BC – 1st century
Decades:	70s BC  60s BC  50s BC  – 40s BC –  30s BC  20s BC  10s BC
Years:	49 BC 48 BC 47 BC – 46 BC – 45 BC 44 BC 43 BC

Events

Rome

• Consuls: Gaius Julius Caesar, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus
• Civil War:
  • January 4 — Titus Labienus defeated Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina.
  • April 6 — Julius Caesar defeated the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio and Juba at Thapsus.
  • April 20 — Cicero, in Rome, writes to Varro "If our voices are no longer heard in the Senate and in the Forum, let us follow the example of the ancient sages and serve our country through our writings, concentrating on questions of ethics and constitutional law."
  • September 26 — Julius Caesar built a temple to his ancestor Venus Genetrix to fulfil a vow he made at the battle of Pharsalus.
  • November — Caesar leaves for Farther Hispania to deal with rebellion in Rome.
  • Caesar reforms the Roman calendar to create the Julian calendar. The year is extended to 445 days to keep up with the new calendar and the seasonal cycle. The Julian Calendar would remain the standard in the western world for over 1600 years, until superseded by the Gregorian Calendar in 1582.
  • Caesar appoints his nephew Octavian his heir.
  • Caesar subdues a mutiny of his Tenth Legion.
  • Caesar celebrates his Gallic Triumph, after which Vercingetorix is executed.
• c. 46 BC–39 BC — Vitruvius described Etruscan and Roman architecture.

Deaths

• Marcus Porcius Cato, the younger commits suicide after the battle of Thapsus (b. 95 BC)
• Metellus Scipio (Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Cornelianus Scipio Nasica) killed at the battle of Thapsus while his forces attempt to surrender (b. c. 100 BC or -98 BC)
• Vercingetorix, Gaul leader

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