John Glenn

John Glenn
United States Senator from Ohio
In office December 24, 1974 – January 3, 1999
Preceded by	Howard Metzenbaum
Succeeded by	George Voinovich
Chair of the Senate Governmental Affairs Committee
In office January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1995
Preceded by	William V. Roth Jr.
Succeeded by	William V. Roth Jr.
Personal details
Born	John Herschel Glenn Jr. (1921-07-18)July 18, 1921 Cambridge, Ohio, U.S.
Died	December 8, 2016(2016-12-08) (aged 95) Columbus, Ohio, U.S.
Resting place	Arlington National Cemetery
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Annie Castor (m. 1943)
Children	2
Education	Muskingum University (BS) University of Maryland, College Park
Civilian awards	Congressional Gold Medal Presidential Medal of Freedom Congressional Space Medal of Honor NASA Distinguished Service Medal
Signature
Military service
Branch/service	United States Navy United States Marine Corps
Years of service	1941–1965
Rank	Colonel
Battles/wars	World War II Chinese Civil War Korean War
Military awards	Distinguished Flying Cross (6) Air Medal (18)
Occupation	Test pilot
Awards	Distinguished Flying Cross Congressional Space Medal of Honor NASA Distinguished Service Medal Presidential Medal of Freedom
Space career
NASA astronaut
Time in space	10 days, 49 minutes, 25 seconds
Missions	Mercury-Atlas 6, STS-95
Mission insignia
Retirement	January 16, 1964

John Herschel Glenn Jr. (July 18, 1921 – December 8, 2016) was an American Marine Corps aviator, engineer, astronaut, businessman, and politician. He was the third American in space, and the first American to orbit the Earth, circling it three times in 1962. Following his retirement from NASA, he served from 1974 to 1999 as a U.S. Senator from Ohio; in 1998, he flew into space again at age 77.

Before joining NASA, Glenn was a distinguished fighter pilot in World War II, the Chinese Civil War and the Korean War. He shot down three MiG-15s, and was awarded six Distinguished Flying Crosses and eighteen Air Medals. In 1957, he made the first supersonic transcontinental flight across the United States. His on-board camera took the first continuous, panoramic photograph of the United States. Various NASA video clips of John Glenn through the years.

He was one of the Mercury Seven, military test pilots selected in 1959 by NASA as the nation's first astronauts. On February 20, 1962, Glenn flew the Friendship 7 mission, becoming the first American to orbit the Earth, the third American and fifth person in history to be in space. He received the NASA Distinguished Service Medal in 1962, the Congressional Space Medal of Honor in 1978, was inducted into the U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame in 1990, and received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2012.

Glenn resigned from NASA in January 1964. A member of the Democratic Party, Glenn was first elected to the Senate in 1974 and served for 24 years, until January 1999. Aged 77, Glenn flew on Space Shuttle Discovery's STS-95 mission, making him the oldest person to enter Earth orbit, and the only person to fly in both the Mercury and the Space Shuttle programs. Glenn, both the oldest and the last surviving member of the Mercury Seven, died at the age of 95 on December 8, 2016.

Early life

Glenn was born in Cambridge, Ohio, to John Glenn, Sr. and Teresa (née Sproat). He was raised in New Concord, Ohio. Glenn studied engineering at Muskingum College. He received his private pilot's license for physics course credit in 1941. He received a Bachelor of Science at Muskingum College.

Career

Glenn joined the United States Navy in 1942 and became a pilot. He switched to the United States Marine Corps soon afterwards. He served as a pilot in World War II and flew missions over the Pacific Ocean.

Glenn stayed in the Marines after the war. In the Korean War, he shot down three enemy planes and flew in 63 combat missions. On July 16, 1957, then-Major Glenn set the transcontinental air speed record, flying a F8U-1 Crusader from NAS Los Alamitos to Floyd Bennett Field, Brooklyn, in 3 hours, 23 minutes, and 8.4 seconds.

Project Bullet, as the mission was called, provided both the first transcontinental flight to average supersonic speed, and the first continuous transcontinental panoramic photograph of the United States. Glenn was awarded his fifth Distinguished Flying Cross for the mission.

In 1958, Glenn joined Project Mercury. He was the oldest of the seven pilots selected. Although Alan Shepard and Gus Grissom flew in outer space before Glenn did, Glenn was the first American to orbit the earth, as neither of the previous two had made a full orbit. He flew a Mercury spacecraft called Friendship 7. His first words when reaching orbit were "Zero G and I feel fine." He retired from NASA and the military after his flight.

He went into business. He became an executive for Royal Crown Cola. Glenn was friends with Robert F. Kennedy. Kennedy, an Attorney General of the United States and US Senator, told Glenn he should run for office. He planned on running for Senate in 1964, but an accident at home made him decide not to. In 1974, he ran for Senate as a Democrat. He defeated Senator Howard Metzenbaum in the primary. Glenn later beat Ralph J. Perk in the general election. He was reelected to the Senate in 1980. In 1984, he ran for President but the Democratic nomination went to Walter Mondale. Glenn was a popular senator and was re-elected several more times.

In 1998, Glenn flew on the Space Shuttle Discovery. He is the oldest person to fly in space and the only sitting US Senator to fly in space. He retired from the Senate in 1999. He helped set up the John Glenn School of Public affairs at Ohio State University. President Barack Obama gave him the Medal of Freedom in 2012.

Personal life

On April 6, 1943, Glenn married his childhood sweetheart, Anna Margaret Castor. They had met in New Concord and played together in the school band. They were the parents of two children. Glenn lived in Columbus, Ohio with his wife.

Death

On December 8, 2016, Glenn died at a medical center after suffering from a "serious medical condition" in Columbus. He was 95 years old.

His body was buried at Arlington National Cemetery on April 6, 2017.

Other websites

• John Glenn Honored as an Ambassador of Exploration Archived 2010-03-16 at the Wayback Machine
• John & Annie Glenn Historic Site and Home
• John Glenn School of Public Affairs, The Ohio State University Archived 2015-08-14 at the Wayback Machine
• John Glenn's Official NASA Biography
• "John Glenn's Flight on Friendship 7, MA-6 – as heard on KCBS Radio". Archived from the original on 2009-10-27.
• John Glenn's Flight on Friendship 7, MA-6 – complete 5-hour capsule audio recording
• John Glenn's Flight on the Space Shuttle, STS-95 Archived 2006-08-31 at the Wayback Machine
• Spacefacts biography of John Glenn
• John Glenn Archive Archived 2010-06-24 at the Wayback Machine
• John Glenn: Unpublished Photos Archived 2011-12-23 at the Wayback Machine — slideshow by Life magazine