1400s

These are some important events that happened in the years from 1401 to 1410. It is distinct from the decade known as the 141st decade which began on January 1, 1401 and ended on December 31, 1410.

1400

Main article: 1400

• Henry IV stops the Epiphany Rising. He kills the people who try to have Richard II of England restored as King.
• The princes of the German states remove Wenceslaus as Holy Roman Emperor.
• Rupert is elected as Holy Roman Emperor.
• Owain Glyndŵr is called Prince of Wales by his followers. He begins attacking Englishplaces in north-east Wales.
• Manuel II Palaiologos becomes the first (and last) Byzantine Emperor to visit England.
• The Medici family becomes powerful in Florence.

Births

• Luca della Robbia, Florentine sculptor
• Owen Tudor, Welsh courtier (d. 1461)

Deaths

• January 5 – John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, English politician (executed)
• January 5 – Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey, English politician (executed)
• January 13 – Thomas le Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester, English politician (executed)
• January 16 – John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter, English politician (executed)
• February 14 – King Richard II of England (probably murdered)
• April 28 – Baldus de Ubaldis, Italian jurist
• June 5 – Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, rival Holy Roman Emperor
• October 25 – Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet
• December 24 – Archibald the Grim, Scottish magnate
• Narayana Pandit, Indian mathematician

1401

• Timur raids the city of Baghdad in the Jalayirid Empire.
• A civil war starts in the Majapahit Empire in present-day Indonesia.

Births

• May 12 – Emperor Shoko of Japan
• October 27 – Catherine of Valois, queen of Henry VI of England
• December 21 – Tommaso Masaccio, Italian painter

Deaths

• October 20 – Klaus Störtebeker, German pirate
• Anabella Drummond, queen of Scotland

1402

• King Jogaila of the Poland–Lithuania union marries Anna of Celje. She is a granddaughter of Casimir III of Poland.
• May 21 – Following the death of Queen Maria of Sicily, her husband Martin I of Sicily marries Blanche of Navarre.
• The University of Würzburg, Germany, is founded.
• The Great Comet of 1402 is sighted.

Births

• September 29 – Fernando, the Saint Prince of Portugal
• Leonor of Aragon, Queen of Portugal

Deaths

• March 26 – David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay, heir to the throne of Scotland
• May 3 – João Anes, Archbishop of Lisbon
• July 13 – Jianwen Emperor of China

1403

• February 7 – King Henry IV of England marries Joanna of Navarre.
• Henry 'Hotspur' Percy forms an alliance with Welsh rebel Owain Glyndŵr.
• July 21 – Battle of Shrewsbury: King Henry IV of England defeats a rebel army led by "Hotspur" Percy. Percy is killed in the battle by an arrow in his face.
• In China, the Ming Emperor Yongle moves the capital from Nanjing to Beijing.
• The world's first quarantine station is built in Venice. It is to protect against the Black Death.
• Stefan Lazarević makes Belgrade the capital of the Serbian Despotate.

Births

• January 17 – George Kastrioti of Albania
• February 22 – King Charles VII of France
• June 11 – John IV, Duke of Brabant
• Robert Wingfield, English politician
• Louis III of Naples

Deaths

• May 10 – Katherine Swynford, widow of John of Gaunt
• May 12 – William de Lode, English prior
• July 23 – Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, English rebel (executed)
• Beyazid, Ottoman Sultan
• Hajji Zayn al-Attar, Persian physician
• Đurađ II Stracimirović, Serbian nobleman

1404

• June 14 – Rebel leader Owain Glyndŵr allies with the French against the English.
• October 17 – Pope Innocent VII succeeds Pope Boniface IX as the 204th pope.
• November 19 – St. Elizabeth's flood ruins parts of Flanders, Zeeland and Holland.
• Jean de Béthencourt becomes the first ruler of the Kingdom of the Canary Islands.
• Stephan Tvrtko II succeeds Stefan Ostoja as King of Bosnia.
• The University of Turin is founded.

Births

• February 9 – Constantine XI, last Byzantine Emperor
• February 18 – Leon Battista Alberti, Italian painter, poet, and philosopher
• March 25 – (baptism) – John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset, English military leader
• June – Murad II, Ottoman Sultan
• July 25 – Philip I, Duke of Brabant
• September 10 – Gilles de Rais, French aristocrat
• October 14 – Marie of Anjou, queen of Charles VII of France
• Yamana Sōzen, Japanese warlord and monk

Deaths

• April 27 – Philip II, Duke of Burgundy
• September 14 – Duke Albert IV of Austria
• September 23 – Eleanor of Arborea, ruler of Sardinia
• September 27 – William of Wykeham, English bishop and statesman
• October 1 – Pope Boniface IX
• October 15 – Marie Valois, French princess
• December 13 – Albert, Count of Holland

1405

• June 8 – Archbishop Richard le Scrope of York and Thomas Mowbray, Earl of Norfolk, were executed in York on Henry IV's orders.
• Bath Abbey is built in England.
• First written record of whiskey being drank is recorded in Ireland. It was distilled by Catholic monks.
• Early feminist Christine de Pizan writes The Book of the City of Ladies.

Births

• March 6 – King John II of Castile
• May 6 – George Kastrioti, Albanian national hero
• October 18 – Pope Pius II

Deaths

• February 14 – Timur, Turco-Mongol monarch and conqueror
• May 29 – Philippe de Mézières, advisor to Charles V of France

1406

• April 4 – James I becomes King of Scotland.
• October 26 – Eric of Pomerania marries Philippa, daughter of Henry IV of England.
• November 30 – Pope Gregory XII succeeds Pope Innocent VII as the 205th pope.
• December 25 – John II becomes King of Castile.
• Construction of the Forbidden City begins in Beijing.

Births

• September 26 – Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros, English soldier and politician
• Ulrich II of Celje
• Lorenzo Valla, humanist

Deaths

• January 6 – Roger Walden, English bishop
• March 19 – Ibn Khaldun, Arab historian
• April 4 – King Robert III of Scotland
• May 4 – Coluccio Salutati, Chancellor of Florence
• July 15 – Duke William of Austria
• August 28 – John de Sutton V
• November 1 – Joanna, Duchess of Brabant
• November 6 – Pope Innocent VII
• December 25 – King Henry III of Castile

1407

• April 10 – The fifth Karmapa finally visits the Ming Dynasty capital, then at Nanjing.
• November 23 – The Duke of Orleans is killed; war starts again between the Burgundians and his followers.
• Rudolfo Belenzani leads a revolt against Bishop Georg von Liechtenstein in Trento, Italy.

Births

• March 15 – Jacob, Margrave of Baden-Baden
• August 27 – Ashikaga Yoshikazu, Japanese shogun
• Thomas de Littleton, English judge

Deaths

• March 7 – Francesco I Gonzaga, ruler of Mantua
• April 23 – Olivier de Clisson, French soldier
• November 23 – Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans, brother of Charles VI of France
• Pero López de Ayala, Spanish soldier
• Tokugawa Chikauji, Japanese nobleman

1408

• December 13 – The Order of the Dragon is founded under King Sigismund of Hungary.
• Henry, Prince of Wales retakes Aberystwyth from Owain Glyndŵr.

Births

• April 8 – Jadwiga of Lithuania, Polish princess

Deaths

• May 31 – Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, Japanese shogun
• Pope Matthew of Alexandria
• Elizabeth le Despenser, English noblewoman
• John VII Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor
• Miran Shah, son of Timur

1409

• January 1 – The Welsh surrender Harlech Castle to the English.
• December 2 – The University of Leipzig opens.
• Martin I of Aragon becomes King of Sicily.
• Ulugh Beg becomes governor of Samarkand.
• Venice buys the port of Zadar from Hungary.

Births

• January 16 – René of Anjou
• October 1 – Karl Knutsson, King of Sweden
• Bernardo Rossellino, Florentine sculptor and architect

Deaths

• May 13 – Jan z Tarnowa, Polish nobleman
• May 22 – Blanche of England, sister of King Henry V
• July 25 – King Martin I of Sicily
• Thomas Merke, English bishop