List of presidents of the United States
This is a list of people who have served as President of the United States. As of 2025, there have been 45 men sworn into office and 47 presidencies; there have been more presidencies than people sworn into office because Grover Cleveland and Donald Trump won two nonconsecutive (not back-to-back) terms. Donald Trump is the 47th and current president; he also served as the 45th president.
George Washington, the first president, is the only president who was not a member of a political party. William Henry Harrison spent the shortest time in office, at 31 days; Franklin D. Roosevelt spent the longest at over twelve years. Franklin D. Roosevelt is the only president to serve more than two terms; he died early in his fourth. The youngest person to serve as president is Theodore Roosevelt, at 42 years old; the oldest is Joe Biden, at 82 years old. The youngest person elected President is John F. Kennedy at 43 years old; the oldest is Donald Trump at 78 years old. John F. Kennedy had the shortest lifespan of any president, at 46 years; Jimmy Carter had the longest, at 100 years. Eight presidents have died in office (William Henry Harrison, Zachary Taylor, Abraham Lincoln, James A. Garfield, William McKinley, Warren G. Harding, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and John F. Kennedy). Richard Nixon is the only president to resign from office. Five people (John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Benjamin Harrison, George W. Bush, and Donald Trump) won the presidency without winning the most votes in their election. Three presidents have been impeached (Andrew Johnson, Bill Clinton, and Donald Trump); Donald Trump is the only president to be impeached twice. Barack Obama was the first president of color.
List of presidents
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References
- ↑ "Presidents". whitehouse.gov. Washington, D.C.: White House. Archived from the original on December 1, 2014. Retrieved February 20, 2020.
- ↑ "Chronological List of Presidents, First Ladies, and Vice Presidents of the United States". Washington, D.C.: Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress. Retrieved February 20, 2020.
- ↑ Kelly, Martin (February 17, 2020). "Chart of the Presidents and Vice Presidents". thoughtco.com. New York City: Dotdash. Retrieved February 20, 2020.
Notes
- ↑ Presidents are numbered according to continuous periods served by the same person. For example, George Washington served two consecutive (back-to-back) terms and is counted as the first president (not the first and second). Upon the resignation of Richard Nixon, the 37th president, Gerald Ford became the 38th president, even though he simply served out the remainder of Nixon's second term and was never elected president in his own right. Grover Cleveland and Donald Trump are counted twice because their two terms were not consecutive.
- ↑ Reflects the president's political party at the start of their presidency. Changes during their time in office are noted. Also reflects the vice president's political party unless otherwise noted beside the individual's name.
- ↑ Political parties did not exist at the time of the first presidential election in 1788–89. When political parties did develop, during George Washington's first term, John Adams joined the Federalist Party. The elections of 1792 were the first ones in the United States that had political parties.
- ↑ The 1796 presidential election was the first contested American presidential election and the only one in which a president and vice president were elected from opposing political parties. Federalist John Adams was elected president, and Jefferson of the Democratic-Republicans was elected vice president.
- ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 Died in office of natural causes.
- ↑ Early during Adams' term the Democratic-Republican Party dissolved; his allies in Congress and at the state-level were referred to as "Adams' Men" during the Adams presidency. When Andrew Jackson became president in 1829, this group became the "Anti-Jackson" opposition, and organized themselves as the National Republican Party.
- ↑ John Calhoun, formerly a Democratic-Republican, founded the Nullifier Party in 1828 to oppose the Tariff of 1828 and advance the cause of states' rights, but was brought on as Andrew Jackson's running mate in the 1828 presidential election in an effort to broaden the democratic coalition led by Jackson.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Resigned from office
- ↑ John Tyler was sworn in as president on April 6, 1841.
- ↑ John Tyler was elected vice president on the Whig Party ticket in 1840. His policy priorities as president soon proved to be opposed to most of the Whig agenda, and he was expelled from the party in September 1841.
- ↑ Millard Fillmore was sworn in as president on July 10, 1850.
- ↑ Died April 15, 1865; see Assassination of Abraham Lincoln for further details.
- ↑ When he ran for reelection in 1864, Republican Abraham Lincoln formed a bipartisan electoral alliance with War Democrats by selecting Democrat Andrew Johnson as his running mate, and running on the National Union Party ticket.
- ↑ While president, Johnson tried and failed to build a party of loyalists under the National Union banner. Near the end of his presidency, Johnson rejoined the Democratic Party.
- ↑ Died September 19, 1881; see Assassination of James A. Garfield for further details.
- ↑ Chester A. Arthur was initially sworn in as president on September 20, 1881, and then again on September 22.
- ↑ Died September 14, 1901; see Assassination of William McKinley for further details.
- ↑ Calvin Coolidge was initially sworn in as president on August 3, 1923, and then again on August 21.
- ↑ Died November 22, 1963; see Assassination of John F. Kennedy for further details.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 Appointed as vice president under terms of the Twenty-fifth Amendment, Section 2.
Related pages
• List of vice presidents of the United States
• List of first ladies of the United States
• List of second ladies and gentlemen of the United States
Official websites
"The Presidents". The White House. Archived from the original on December 1, 2014. Retrieved December 3, 2023.
"U.S. Presidents". Miller Center. Retrieved December 3, 2023.
"The Presidents Timeline". White House Historical Association. Retrieved December 3, 2023.
"Presidents". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved December 3, 2023.