Brunei
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| State of Brunei, the Abode of Peace
Negara Brunei Darussalam
نڬارا بروني دارالسلام |
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| Motto: "الدائمون المحسنون بالهدى" "Sentiasa membuat kebajikan dengan petunjuk Allah" "Always in service with God's guidance" (translation) |
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| Anthem: Allah Peliharakan Sultan God Bless the Sultan |
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.png) Location of Brunei (red)
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| Capital (and largest city) |
Bandar Seri Begawan 4°53.417′N 114°56.533′E / 4.890283°N 114.942217°E |
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| Official language(s) | Bahasa Melayu (Malay)[1][2] | |||||
| Recognised national languages | Melayu Brunei (Brunei Malay) | |||||
| Official scripts | Malay alphabet, Jawi alphabet[3] |
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| Demonym | Bruneian | |||||
| Government | Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy |
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| - | Sultan | Hassanal Bolkiah | ||||
| - | Crown Prince | Al-Muhtadee Billah | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | Hassanal Bolkiah | ||||
| Legislature | Legislative Council | |||||
| Formation | ||||||
| - | Sultanate | 14th century | ||||
| - | British protectorate | 1888 | ||||
| - | Independence | 1 January 1984 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 5,765 km2 (172nd) 2,226 sq mi |
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| - | Water (%) | 8.6 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2011 estimate | 401,890[4] (174th) | ||||
| - | 2001 census | 332,844 | ||||
| - | Density | 67.3/km2 (134th) 174.4/sq mi |
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| GDP (PPP) | 2011 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $21.237 billion[5] (122nd) | ||||
| - | Per capita | $49,719[5] (5th) | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2011 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $16.313 billion[5] (166th) | ||||
| - | Per capita | $38,192[5] (26th) | ||||
| HDI (2011) | ▲ 0.838[6] ( very high) (33rd) |
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| Currency | Brunei dollar (BND) |
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| Time zone | (UTC+8[7]) | |||||
| Drives on the | left | |||||
| Internet TLD | .bn[7] | |||||
| Calling code | +6731 | |||||
| 1 | Also 080 from East Malaysia | |||||
Brunei (officially called as State of Brunei, Abode of Peace) is a country in Southeast Asia. It is north of Malaysia (Borneo). The country is rather landlocked by Malaysia. To the north is the South China Sea and the Philippines to the northeast. The capital of Brunei is Bandar Seri Begawan. The country has a small area and not many people live there. The leader of the country is the Sultan of Brunei. He is one of the richest people in the world, because he owns a lot of oil. The main religion in Brunei is Islam there are also many people who follow Buddhism or Animism. The native languages of Brunei is Malay and English as second language.
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[change] History
From the 14th to the 16th centuries Brunei Darussalam was the seat of a powerful sultanate extending over Sabah, Sarawak and the southern Philippines. Thus, the current Sultan represents one of the oldest continuously ruling dynasties in the world. By the 19th century, the Brunei Darussalam Empire had been whittled away by wars, piracy and the colonial expansion of European powers.
In 1847, the sultan concluded a treaty with Great Britain and in 1888 Brunei Darussalam officially became a British protectorate. In 1906, the Residential System was established in Brunei Darussalam. A British Resident was nominated as a representative of the British government to advise the sultan in all matters except Malay customs, traditions and Islamic religion.
The 1959 Agreement established a written constitution which gave Brunei Darussalam internal self-government. In 1971, the agreement was amended and revised to assert full internal independence except defence and external affairs.
In 1967 His Highness Sultan Haji Sir Muda Omar Ali Saifuddien abdicated in favour of his son Pengiran Muda Mahkota Hassanal Bolkiah. On January 1, 1984 Brunei Darussalam resumed full independence and the Sultan took office as Prime Minister, Finance Minister and Home Affairs Minister, presiding over a cabinet of six. In October 1986, the cabinet was expanded to 11 members, with His Majesty relinquishing the portfolios of Finance and Home Affairs and taking over the Defence portfolio which his late father had held since 1984. In 1988 another reshuffle brought about the elevation of the deputy minister to a full minister and the creation of the Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources designed to boost the country's development.[8]
[change] Revenue
Given that Brunei is a oil-rich country, Brunei gets most of its income from selling natural resources.
[change] Currency
Brunei uses the Brunei Ringgit to trade. However, the Singapore dollar can be used here as both currencies are of the same value.
[change] Other pages
[change] References
- ↑ The Prime Minister's Office of Brunei Darussalam
- ↑ "Brunei Tourism". Tourismbrunei. http://tourismbrunei.com/country-overview/facts-and-figures/. Retrieved 16 October 2010.
- ↑ Writing contest promotes usage, history of Jawi script | The Brunei Times
- ↑ Brunei. CIA World Factbook. 2011. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bx.html. Retrieved 13 January 2011.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Brunei". International Monetary Fund. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2009&ey=2016&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=70&pr1.y=15&c=516&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
- ↑ "Human Development Report 2011". United Nations. 2011. http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Tables.pdf. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Brunei Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah Handbook. IBP USA. 2011. pp. 10. http://books.google.com.bn/books?id=9q0_LcWREVMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=brunei&hl=en&sa=X&ei=MnFFT7-jCKu0iQe_k_yVAw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=brunei&f=false.
- ↑ http://www.jpm.gov.bn/
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