October 2
Appearance
(Redirected from 2 October)
October 2 is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 90 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
[change | change source]Up to 1900
[change | change source]- 829 – Theophilus becomes Byzantine Emperor.
- 1187 – Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule.
- 1263 – The Battle of Largs is fought between Scots and Norwegians.
- 1535 – Jacques Cartier discovers Montreal, Quebec.
- 1552 – Conquest of Kazan by Russian Tsar Ivan the Terrible.
- 1780 – American Revolutionary War: British spy John Andre is hanged by American forces for his role in Benedict Arnold's plot to sell West Point to the British Army.
- 1814 – Battle of Rancagua: Spanish royalist troops under Mariano Osorio defeat rebel Chilean forces under Bernardo O'Higgins and Jose Miguel Carrera.
- 1835 – Texas Revolution begins: Battle of Gonzales – Mexican soldiers attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, Texas but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.
- 1836 – Naturalist Charles Darwin returns to Falmouth, England aboard the HMS Beagle after a 5-year journey collecting biological data he will later use to develop his theory of evolution.
- 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Saltville – Union forces attack Saltville, Virginia but are defeated by Confederate troops.
- 1889 – In Washington, DC, the first international Conference of American States begins.
- 1889 – In Colorado, Nicolas Creede strikes it rich in silver during the last great silver boom of the American Old West.
1901 – 2000
[change | change source]- 1919 – US President Woodrow Wilson suffers a massive stroke, leaving him partially paralyzed.
- 1924 – The Geneva Protocol is adopted as a means to strengthen the League of Nations.
- 1925 – John Logie Baird performs the first test of a working television system.
- 1928 – The "Prelature of the Holy Cross and the Work of God", commonly known as Opus Dei, was founded by Saint Josemaría Escrivá.
- 1935 – Italy invades Abyssinia (Ethiopia).
- 1937 – Dominican Republic leader Rafael Trujillo orders the execution of the Haitian population living within the borderlands. Around 20,000 are killed in the following few days.
- 1941 – World War II: Operation Typhoon – Germany begins an all-out offensive against Moscow.
- 1942 – World War II: Ocean liner RMS Queen Mary accidentally hits and sinks her own escort ship HMS Curacoa off Ireland.
- 1944 – Holocaust: Nazi troops end the Warsaw Uprising.
- 1950 – The comic strip Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz is first published in seven US newspapers.
- 1955 – The ENIAC computer is deactivated at 11:45 PM.
- 1955 – Alfred Hitchcock Presents debuts (last new episode aired on June 26, 1962).
- 1958 – Guinea declares itself independent from France.
- 1959 – The Twilight Zone pilot premieres.
- 1962 – Johnny Carson debuts as host of The Tonight Show.
- 1967 – Thurgood Marshall sworn in as the first African-American justice of United States Supreme Court.
- 1968 – A peaceful student demonstration in Mexico City ends in the Tlatelolco massacre.
- 1970 – A plane carrying the Wichita State University football team, administrators andsupporters crashes in Colorado, killing 31 people.
- 1979 – Pope John Paul II speaks at the UN.
- 1984 – Elisabeth Kopp becomes the first woman to be elected to the Swiss Federal Council.
- 1988 – The 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul come to an end.
- 1990 – A Chinese airline Boeing 737-247 is hijacked; after landing at Guangzhou, crashes into an empty Boeing 707-3J6B and then a Boeing 757-21B on the ground killing 132
- 1992 – Hero opens in theaters, starring Dustin Hoffman.
- 1992 – The Carandiru Massacre takes place after a riot in the Carandiru prison system in São Paulo, Brazil.
- 1993 – The 1993 Moscow riots by Hardline Communists occur.
- 1996 – The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton.
- 1996 – An Aeroperu Boeing 757 crashes in Pacific Ocean shortly after takeoff from Lima, Peru killing 70.
- 1997 – In the European Union the Amsterdam Treaty is signed.
From 2001
[change | change source]- 2001 – Bankruptcy of Swissair.
- 2002 – The Beltway sniper attacks begin.
- 2004 – American Samoa joins the North American Numbering Plan.
- 2005 – The Ethan Allen tour boat capsizes on Lake George, Upstate New York, killing 20 people.
- 2006 – Five schoolgirls are killed in a shooting at an Amish school in Pennsylvania, before the gunman commits suicide.
- 2007 – President of South Korea Roh Moo-hyun walks across the Military Demarcation Line in North Korea, on his way to the inter-Korean summit meeting with Kim Jong-il.
- 2009 – Rio de Janeiro is chosen to host the 2016 Summer Olympics.
- 2009 – Voters in Ireland support the EU's Lisbon Treaty in a second referendum.
- 2016 – Dozens of people are killed in a protest in Ethiopia's Oromia region.
- 2016 – Voters in Colombia reject a peace deal between their government and FARC by a narrow margin.
- 2018 – Nobel Prize in Physics: Donna Strickland becomes the 3rd woman to win the award for Physics, while Arthur Ashkin becomes the oldest-ever Nobel laureate, at age 96 (until John B. Goodenough wins the following year's Chemistry Prize at age 97); They share it with Gérard Mourou.
- 2018 – Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi is murdered in Saudi Arabia's consulate in Istanbul, Turkey.
Births
[change | change source]Up to 1900
[change | change source]- 1452 – King Richard III of England (d. 1485)
- 1470 – Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal (d. 1498)
- 1470 – Isabella of Naples, Duchess of Milan (d. 1524)
- 1538 – Charles Borromeo, Italian Catholic Saint (d. 1584)
- 1718 – Elizabeth Montagu, English social reformer, patron of the arts, literary critic and writer (d. 1800)
- 1722 – Leopold Widhalm, Austrian instrument maker (d. 1776)
- 1724 – Louis Gabriel Ambroise de Bonald, French philosopher and statesman (d. 1840)
- 1737 – Francis Hopkinson, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1791)
- 1768 – William Carr Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, British general and politician (d. 1854)
- 1781 – William Wyatt Bibb, Governor of Missouri (d. 1820)
- 1798 – Charles Albert of Sardinia (d. 1849)
- 1800 – Nat Turner, American revolutionary (d. 1831)
- 1815 – James Agnew, Irish-Australian politician, 16th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1901)
- 1821 – Nino Bixio, Italian freedom fighter (d. 1873)
- 1828 – Charles Floquet, 55th Prime Minister of France (d. 1896)
- 1832 – Edward Burnett Tylor, British anthropologist (d. 1917)
- 1833 – William Corby, American Catholic priest (d. 1897)
- 1839 – Hans Thoma, German painter (d. 1924)
- 1847 – Paul von Hindenburg, German politician and military officer (d. 1934)
- 1851 – Ferdinand Foch, French soldier (d. 1929)
- 1852 – William Ramsay, Scottish chemist (d. 1916)
- 1854 – Patrick Geddes, Scottish biologist, sociologist, geographer and town planner (d. 1932)
- 1864 – Alfred Roller, Austrian painter (d. 1935)
- 1867 – Theodore F. Green, Governor of Rhode Island (d. 1966)
- 1869 – Mahatma Gandhi, Indian spiritual leader and advocate of non-violent resistance (d. 1948)
- 1871 – Cordell Hull, United States Secretary of State (d. 1955)
- 1871 – Martha Brookes Hutcheson, American landscape architect (d. 1959)
- 1879 – Wallace Stevens, American poet (d. 1955)
- 1882 – Boris Shaposhnikov, Russian military commander (d. 1945)
- 1890 – Groucho Marx, American actor and comedian (d. 1977)
- 1893 – Leroy Shield, American movie score and radio composer (d. 1962)
- 1895 – Bud Abbott, American actor and comedian (d. 1974)
1901 – 1950
[change | change source]- 1901 – Alice Prin, French singer and artist (d. 1953)
- 1902 – Leopold Figl, Austrian politician (d. 1965)
- 1904 – Graham Greene, English writer (d. 1991)
- 1904 – Lal Bahadur Shastri, 2nd Prime Minister of India (d. 1966)
- 1905 – Enchi Fumiko, Japanese writer (d. 1986)
- 1907 – Víctor Paz Estenssoro, Bolivian politician (d. 2001)
- 1907 – Alexander Todd, Baron Todd, Scottish chemist (d. 1997)
- 1909 – Alex Raymond, American comic artist (d. 1956)
- 1910 – Aldo Olivieri, Italian footballer (d. 2001)
- 1911 – Tilly Fleischer, German javelin thrower (d. 2005)
- 1913 – Annette Rogers, American athlete (d. 2006)
- 1914 – Yuri Levitan, Soviet radio announcer (d. 1983)
- 1914 – John Whiteside Parsons, American rocket scientist, writer and occultist (d. 1952)
- 1915 – Chubby Wise, American bluegrass fiddler (d. 1996)
- 1916 – Angel Suquia Goicoechea, Spanish archbishop (d. 2006)
- 1917 – Christian de Duve, English-born Belgian biologist and Nobel Prize winner (d. 2013)
- 1919 – John W. Duarte, British composer, guitarist and writer (d. 2004)
- 1920 – Stefan Kovacs, Romanian footballer (d. 1995)
- 1921 – Albert Scott Crossfield, American test pilot (d. 2006)
- 1921 – Robert Runcie, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 2000)
- 1924 – Tex Coulter, American football player (d. 2007)
- 1924 – Gilbert Simondon, French philosopher (d. 1989)
- 1926 – Jan Morris, British historian and writer
- 1927 – Uta Ranke-Heinemann, German theologian and writer
- 1928 – Wolfhart Pannenberg, German theologian (d. 2014)
- 1928 – George "Spanky" McFarland, American actor (d. 1993)
- 1929 – Cesare Maestri, Italian mountaineer
- 1930 – Dave Barrett, Canadian politician (d. 2018)
- 1933 – John Gurdon, British scientist and Nobel Prize winner
- 1933 – Giuliano Sarti, Italian footballer (d. 2017)
- 1933 – Michel Blasson, French conductor
- 1935 – Peter Frankl, Hungarian-born pianist
- 1935 – Omar Sívori, Argentine footballer (d. 2005)
- 1936 – Feliciano Belmonte Jr., Filipino lawyer and politician
- 1938 – Rex Reed, American movie critic and actor
- 1940 – Gheorghe Gruia, Romanian handball player
- 1940 – Pantelis Voulgaris, Greek actor, director, producer and screenwriter
- 1943 – Anna Ford, English journalist and newsreader
- 1943 – Paul Van Himst, Belgian footballer and coach
- 1944 – Ton Koopman, Dutch conductor, organist and harpsichordist.
- 1945 – Don McLean, American singer
- 1946 – Peter Kellner, English journalist, President of YouGov
- 1946 – Marie-Georges Pascal, French actress (d. 1985)
- 1947 – Dieter Pfaff, German actor (d. 2013)
- 1948 – Donna Karan, American fashion designer
- 1948 – Trevor Brooking, English footballer
- 1948 – Siim Kallas, Estonian politician, European Commissioner and former Prime Minister of Estonia
- 1949 – Annie Leibovitz, American photographer
- 1949 – Richard Hell, American singer-songwriter and bass player
- 1950 – Ian McNeice, British actor
- 1950 – Mike Rutherford, British musician
1951 – 1975
[change | change source]- 1951 – Romina Power, American singer
- 1951 – Sting, English musician
- 1953 – Ernest Bai Koroma, former President of Sierra Leone
- 1953 – Muhammad Abdul Bari, Bangladeshi-English physicist
- 1954 – Lorraine Bracco, American actress
- 1955 – Philip Oakey, English singer (The Human League)
- 1956 – Viatcheslav Mukhanov, Russian-German cosmologist and physicist
- 1957 – Janry, Belgian comic artist
- 1957 – Dave Faulkner, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1958 – Robbie Nevil, American musician
- 1960 – Glenn Anderson, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1960 – Terence Winter, American screenwriter and producer
- 1960 – Tom Schweich, American politician (d. 2015)
- 1960 – Derek Whittenburg, American basketball player and coach
- 1962 – Sigtryggur Baldursson, Icelandic musician
- 1962 – Jeff Bennett, American actor
- 1965 – Ferhan and Ferzan Önder, Turkish-Austrian pianists
- 1966 – Rodney Adnoa'i, Samoan-American professional wrestler (d. 2000)
- 1967 – Frankie Fredericks, Namibian athlete
- 1967 – Keith Bradshaw, Australian cricketer
- 1967 – Thomas Muster, Austrian tennis player
- 1967 – Dave Goldberg, American businessman (d. 2015)
- 1968 – Victoria Derbyshire, English journalist and radio presenter
- 1968 – Jana Novotna, Czech tennis player
- 1969 – Jun Akiyama, Japanese professional wrestler
- 1970 – Kelly Ripa, American actress
- 1970 – Eddie Guardado, American baseball player
- 1971 – Tiffany, American singer
- 1971 – James Root, American guitarist (Slipknot)
- 1971 – Xavier Naidoo, German singer
- 1973 – Lene Nystrom Rasted, Norwegian singer (Aqua)
- 1973 – Proof, American rapper (d. 2006)
- 1973 – Verka Serduchka, Ukrainian comedian and singer
- 1973 – Maria Wetterstrand, Swedish politician
- 1974 – Simon Gregson, British actor
From 1976
[change | change source]- 1977 – Didier Défago, Swiss skier
- 1978 – Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer
- 1978 – Matt Hancock, English politician
- 1979 – Francisco Fonseca, Mexican footballer
- 1979 – Maja Ivarsson, Swedish singer
- 1981 – Luke Wilkshire, Australian footballer
- 1982 – Stephen Pearson, Scottish footballer
- 1982 – George Pettit, Canadian singer
- 1982 – Tyson Chandler, American basketball player
- 1984 – Marion Bartoli, French tennis player
- 1985 – Ciprian Marica, Romanian footballer
- 1986 – Camilla Belle, American actress
- 1987 – Ruan Lufei, Chinese chess player
- 1987 – Keith Earls, Irish rugby player
- 1988 – Kiko Casilla, Spanish footballer
- 1989 – Marta Gastini, Italian actress
- 1990 – Christopher Drazan, Austrian footballer
- 1990 – Samantha Barks, Manx actress and singer
- 1991 – Roberto Firmino, Brazilian footballer
- 1993 – Tara Lynne Barr, American actress
- 1994 – Brendan Meyer, Canadian actor
Deaths
[change | change source]Up to 1900
[change | change source]- 534 – Athalaric, King of the Ostrogoths (b. 516)
- 939 – Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine (b. 890)
- 1264 – Pope Urban IV
- 1559 – Jacquet of Mantua, French-Italian composer (b. 1483)
- 1629 – Antonio Cifra, Italian composer (b. 1584)
- 1764 – William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, Prime Minister of Great Britain (b. 1720)
- 1775 – Chiyo-ni, Japanese poet (b. 1703)
- 1782 – Charles Lee, British and U.S. general (b. 1732)
- 1786 – Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel, English admiral and politician (b. 1725)
- 1803 – Samuel Adams, American patriot, revolutionary and statesman (b. 1722)
- 1817 – Fyodor Fyodorovich Ushakov, Russian naval commander and admiral (b. 1744)
- 1850 – Sarah Biffen, English painter (b. 1784)
- 1853 – François Jean Dominique Arago, French mathematician (b. 1786)
- 1892 – Ernest Renan, French writer, historian, archaeologist and theologian (b. 1823)
- 1895 – Eugen Langen, German entrepreneur, engineer and inventor (b. 1833)
1901 – 2000
[change | change source]- 1920 – Max Bruch, German composer and conductor (b. 1838)
- 1927 – Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
- 1931 – Thomas Lipton, British trader and yacht owner (b. 1850)
- 1938 – Alexandru Averescu, Romanian soldier and politician (b. 1859)
- 1943 – John Evans, Premier of Tasmania (b. 1855)
- 1947 – P. D. Ouspensky, Russian philosopher (b. 1878)
- 1950 – John F. Fitzgerald, Mayor of Boston, Massachusetts and maternal grandfather of John F. Kennedy (b. 1863)
- 1962 – Boris Y. Bukreev, Soviet mathematician (b. 1859)
- 1968 – Marcel Duchamp, French artist (b. 1887)
- 1973 – Paavo Nurmi, Finnish runner (b. 1897)
- 1973 – Paul Hartman, American actor, singer and dancer (b. 1904)
- 1974 – Vasily Shukshin, Russian writer, actor, screenwriter and director (b. 1929)
- 1975 – Kumaraswami Kamaraj, Indian political leader (b. 1903)
- 1981 – Hazel Scott, singer (b. 1920)
- 1981 – Harry Golden, American journalist (b. 1902)
- 1985 – Rock Hudson, American actor (b. 1925)
- 1987 – Peter Medawar, British scientist, born in Brazil but registered as British (b. 1915)
- 1987 – Madeleine Carroll, British-born actress (b. 1906)
- 1988 – Alec Issigonis, British engineer (b. 1906)
- 1991 – Ecumenical Patriarch Demetrios I of Constantinople (b. 1914)
- 1994 – Harriet Nelson, American actress and singer (b. 1909)
- 1996 – Andrey Lukanov, Bulgarian politician (b. 1938)
- 1996 – Robert Bourassa, 22nd Premier of Quebec (b. 1933)
- 1998 – Gene Autry, American singer, actor, and entrepreneur (b. 1907)
From 2001
[change | change source]- 2001 – Franz Biebl, German composer (b. 1906)
- 2002 – Heinz von Foerster, physicist and philosopher (b. 1911)
- 2003 – John T. Dunlop, U.S. Secretary of Labor (b. 1914)
- 2006 – Tamara Dobson, American actress (b. 1944)
- 2006 – Paul Halmos, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1916)
- 2006 – Charles Carl Roberts, American murderer (b. 1973)
- 2007 – Tex Coulter, American football player (b. 1924)
- 2007 – Princess Katherine of Greece and Denmark (b. 1913)
- 2008 – Choi Jin-sil, South Korean actress (b. 1968)
- 2009 – Marek Edelman, Polish social and political activist (b. 1919)
- 2009 – Rolf Rüssmann, German footballer (b. 1950)
- 2013 – Abraham Nemeth, American mathematician and inventor (b. 1919)
- 2014 – Vaughn O. Lang, American general (b. 1927)
- 2014 – Pedro Peña, Spanish actor (b. 1925)
- 2014 – Robert Flower, Australian Rules Football player (b. 1955)
- 2015 – Brian Friel, Irish dramatist (b. 1929)
- 2015 – Eric Arturo Delvalle, former President of Panama (b. 1937)
- 2016 – Neville Marriner, English conductor (b. 1924)
- 2017 – Evangelina Elizondo, Mexican actress, singer and writer (b. 1929)
- 2017 – Robert Elsie, Canadian linguist and translator (b. 1950)
- 2017 – Solly Hemus, American baseball player (b. 1923)
- 2017 – Kim Un-yong, South Korean sports administrator (b. 1931)
- 2017 – Klaus Huber, Swiss composer and academic (b. 1924)
- 2017 – Paul Otellini, American businessman (b. 1950)
- 2017 – Tom Petty, American musician (b. 1950)
- 2017 – Robert Yates, American racing team owner (b. 1943)
- 2018 – Smilja Avramov, Serbian law academic (b. 1918)
- 2018 – Balabhaskar, Indian violinist, composer and record producer (b. 1978)
- 2018 – Geoff Emerick, English recording engineer (b. 1945)
- 2018 – Dorothy Hukill, American politician (b. 1946)
- 2018 – Roman Kartsev, Russian actor and comedian (b. 1939)
- 2018 – Jamal Khashoggi, Saudi journalist (b. 1958)
- 2018 – Hermenegildo Sábat, Uruguayan-Argentine political cartoonist and journalist (b. 1933)
- 2019 – Bill Bidwill, American businessman (b. 1931)
- 2019 – Tiny Hill, New Zealand rugby union player (b. 1927)
- 2019 – Giya Kancheli, Georgian composer (b. 1935)
- 2019 – Jafar Kashani, Iranian footballer (b. 1944)
- 2019 – John Kirby, American lawyer (b. 1939)
- 2019 – Isaac Promise, Nigerian footballer (b. 1987)
- 2019 – Kim Shattuck, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1963)
- 2019 – Hargovind Laxmishanker Trivedi, Indian nephrologist (b. 1932)
Observances
[change | change source]- Feast of the Saint Guardian Angels
- Gandhi Jayanti (India) and International Day of Non-Violence (birthday of Mahatma Gandhi)
- Independence Day (Guinea)