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Bun'ei

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bun'ei (文永) was a Japanese era (年号,, nengō,, lit. "year name") after Kōchō and before Kenji. This period started in February 1264 and ended in April 1275.[1] During this time, the emperors were Kameyama-tennō (亀山天皇) and Go-Uda-tennō (後宇多天皇).[2]

Events of the Bun'ei era

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In Bun'ei 11, samurai fought at a stone barrier near Fukuoka
  • 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 1st month): In the 15th year of Kameyama's reign, the emperor resigned.[4]
  • 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 3rd month): Emperor Go-Uda became the monarch of Japan.[5] The retired Emperor Kameyama continued to be important and powerful.[6]
  • 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 10th month): Former Emperor Go-Fukakusa's son Hirohito-shinnō was named Crown Prince and heir to Emperor Go-Uda. Hirohito and Go-Uda were first cousins.[7]
  • 19 November 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 20th day of the 10th month): Kublai Khan sent a fleet and an army to invade Japan. Some military forces are landed near Fukuoka in Kyūshū. However, a storm sank many of the ships. The major part of the invading army was drowned. The invaders retreated to Korea.[8] During the brief fighting, the Hakozaki Shrine was burned to the ground.[9] This 1274 event was called Bun'ei no eki.[10]
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References

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  1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Bun'ei" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 90.
  2. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 253-261; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 232-233.
  3. Titsingh, p. 261; Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō), 後嵯峨天皇 (88); retrieved 2012-5-16.
  4. Titsingh, p. 261; Varley, p. 44; a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami. Compare Kunaichō, Ceremony of Accession (Sokui-no-Rei); retrieved 2012-5-22.
  5. Titsingh, p. 262.
  6. This was called insei or "cloistered rule".
  7. Titsingh, p. 262, 270.
  8. Davis, Paul K. (2001). 100 decisive battles: from ancient times to the present, p. 147.
  9. Turnbull, Stephen R. (2003). Genghis Khan & the Mongol Conquests 1190–1400, p. 66.[permanent dead link]
  10. Nussbaum, "Bun'ei no eki" at p. 90.

Other websites

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Bun'ei 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th
1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275
Preceded by:
Kōchō
Era or nengō:
Bun'ei
Succeeded by:
Kenji