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Meiwa

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Meiwa (明和) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,, lit. "year name") after Hōreki and before An'ei. This period started in June 1764 and ended in November 1772.[1] During this time, the empress and emperor were Go-Sakuramachi-tennō (後桜町天皇)[2] and Go-Momozono-tennō (後桃園天皇).[3]

The nengō Meiwa means "Radiant Harmony".[4]

Events of the Meiwa Era

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Coins minted during the Meiwa era
  • 1766 (Meiwa 3): A plan to remove the Shogun was not successful.[5]
  • 1770 (Meiwa 7): A typhoon flattened the newly built Imperial Palace in Kyoto.[6]
  • 1770 (Meiwa 7): A great comet (Lexell's Comet) with a very long tale lit up the night skies throughout the summer and autumn.[6]
  • 1770 (Meiwa 7): This was the start of 15 years of drought in Japan.[6]
  • 29 February 1772 (Meiwa 9, 26th day or the 1st month): "The Great Meiwa Fire" -- one of the three greatest Edo fire disasters.[6]
  • 2 August 1772 (Meiwa 9, 4th day of the 6th month): A big storm in the Kantō with floods and lost crops.[6]
  • 17 August 1772 (Meiwa 9, 19th day of the 6th month): A major storm destroys 4000 houses in Edo.[8]
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References

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  1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Meiwa" Japan Encyclopedia, p. 625.
  2. Nussbaum, "Tennō," pp. 962-963.
  3. Nussbaum, "Go-Momozono Tennō," p. 257; Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 419.
  4. Screech, Timon. (2000). The Shogun's Painted Culture, p. 99.
  5. Screech, (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822. pp. 139-145.
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Hall, John Whitney. (1955). Tanuma Okitsugu, 1719-1788, p. 120.
  7. Meyer, Eva-Maria. (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit, p. 186; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, p. 44; a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami. Compare Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō), Ceremony of Accession (Sokui-no-Rei); retrieved 2012-6-30.
  8. Hall, p. 120.

Other websites

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Meiwa 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th
1764 1765 1766 1767 1768 1769 1770 1771 1772
Preceded by:
Hōreki
Era or nengō:
Meiwa
Succeeded by:
An'ei