Armenia

Republic of Armenia
Republic of Armenia; Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն; Hayastani Hanrapetut’yun (Armenian)
	Flag Coat of arms
	Anthem: ; Մեր Հայրենիք; Mer Hayrenik; "Our Fatherland";
Capital; and largest city	Yerevan; 40°11′N 44°31′E / 40.183°N 44.517°E
Official languages	Armenian
Recognized languages	Russian
Ethnic groups (2011)	98.1% Armenians; 1.2% Yazidis; 0.4% Russians; 0.3% other;
Religion	Christianity
Demonym(s)	Armenian
Government	Unitary parliamentary republic
• President	Armen Sarkissian
• Prime Minister	Nikol Pashinyan
• President of the National Assembly	Ararat Mirzoyan
Legislature	National Assembly
Establishment history
• Orontid dynasty	6th century BC
• Kingdom of Greater; Armenia united under; the Artaxiad Dynasty	190 BC
• Arsacid dynasty	52–428
• Bagratid Armenia	885–1045
• Kingdom of Cilicia	1198–1375
• First Republic of Armenia declared	; 28 May 1918
• Independence from the Soviet Union	21 September 1991
Area
• Total	29,743 km2 (11,484 sq mi) (138th)
• Water (%)	4.71
Population
• 2016 estimate	2,924,816
• 2011 census	3,018,854 (134th)
• Density	101.5/km2 (262.9/sq mi) (99th)
GDP (PPP)	2019 estimate
• Total	$31 billion
• Per capita	$10,572
GDP (nominal)	2019 estimate
• Total	$12 billion (132nd)
• Per capita	$4,244 (116th)
Gini (2016)	32.5; medium
HDI (2017)	0.755; high · 83rd
Currency	Dram (֏) (AMD)
Time zone	UTC+4 (AMT)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+374
ISO 3166 code	AM
Internet TLD	.am; .հայ;

Armenia ^[13] is officially the Republic of Armenia. It is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia. It is in Eastern Europe on the Armenian Highlands,

Armenia is bordered by Turkey to the west and Georgia to the north. The de facto independent Republic of Artsakh and Azerbaijan is to the east, and Iran and Azerbaijan's exclave of Nakhchivan to the south.^[14]

Armenia is a multi-party, democratic nation-state.

History[change | change source]

It has an ancient cultural heritage. Urartu was established in 860 BC and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. The Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great in the 1st century BC and became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion in the late 3rd or early 4th century AD.^[15]^[16]^[17] The official date of state adoption of Christianity is 301.^[18]

Foreign invasion[change | change source]

Between the 16th century and 19th century, the traditional Armenian homeland composed of Eastern Armenia and Western Armenia came under the rule of the Ottoman and Iranian empires, repeatedly ruled by either of the two over the centuries. By the 19th century, Eastern Armenia had been conquered by the Russian Empire, while most of the western parts of the traditional Armenian homeland remained under Ottoman rule.

20th century[change | change source]

During World War I, Armenians living in their ancestral lands in the Ottoman Empire were systematically exterminated in the Armenian Genocide. In 1918, following the Russian Revolution, all non-Russian countries declared their independence after the Russian Empire ceased to exist, leading to the establishment of the First Republic of Armenia. By 1920, the state was incorporated into the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, and in 1922 became a founding member of the Soviet Union. In 1936, the Transcaucasian state was dissolved, transforming its constituent states, including the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, into full Union republics. The modern Republic of Armenia became independent in 1991 during the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

21st century[change | change source]

Administrative divisions[change | change source]

Armenia is divided into ten provinces, with the city of Yerevan having special administrative status as the country's capital. The chief executive in each of the ten provinces is the marzpet (marz governor), appointed by the government of Armenia. In Yerevan, the chief executive is the mayor, appointed by the president.

As of 2007^[update], Armenia includes 915 communities, of which 49 are considered urban and 866 are considered rural.

Province		Capital		Area (km²)	Population †
Aragatsotn	Արագածոտն	Ashtarak	Աշտարակ	2,756	132,925
Ararat	Արարատ	Artashat	Արտաշատ	2,090	260,367
Armavir	Արմավիր	Armavir	Արմավիր	1,242	265,770
Gegharkunik	Գեղարքունիք	Gavar	Գավառ	5,349	235,075
Kotayk	Կոտայք	Hrazdan	Հրազդան	2,086	254,397
Lori	Լոռի	Vanadzor	Վանաձոր	3,799	235,537
Shirak	Շիրակ	Gyumri	Գյումրի	2,680	251,941
Syunik	Սյունիք	Kapan	Կապան	4,506	141,771
Tavush	Տավուշ	Ijevan	Իջևան	2,704	128,609
Vayots Dzor	Վայոց Ձոր	Yeghegnadzor	Եղեգնաձոր	2,308	52,324
Yerevan	Երևան	–	–	223	1,060,138

† 2011 census
Sources: Area and population of provinces.^[19]

Culture[change | change source]

The Republic of Armenia recognises the Armenian Apostolic Church, the world's oldest national church, as the country's primary religious establishment.^[20]^[21] The unique Armenian alphabet was invented by Mesrop Mashtots in 405 AD.

Armenia is a member of the Eurasian Economic Union, the Council of Europe and the Collective Security Treaty Organization. Armenia supports the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh, which was proclaimed in 1991.

Gallery[change | change source]

Armenia
Yerevan
Geghard
Vagharshapat
Khor Virap
Sevanavank
Zvartnots
Etchmiadzin
Armenian dancers.

References[change | change source]

↑ "Constitution of Armenia, Article 20". president.am.
↑ Asatryan, Garnik; Arakelova, Victoria (Yerevan 2002). The Ethnic Minorities in Armenia. Part of the OSCE. Archived copy at WebCite (16 April 2010).
↑ Ministry of Culture of Armenia "The ethnic minorities in Armenia. Brief information" Archived 2017-10-10 at the Wayback Machine. As per the most recent census in 2011. "National minority".
↑ "National Assembly of the Republic of Armenia - Official Web Site - parliament.am". www.parliament.am.
↑ Encyclopedia Americana: Ankara to Azusa. Scholastic Library Publishing. 2005. p. 393. It was named for Artaxias, a general of Antiochus the Great, who founded the kingdom of Armenia about 190 B.C.
↑ de Laet, Sigfried J.; Herrmann, Joachim, eds. (1996). History of Humanity: From the seventh century B.C. to the seventh century A.D. (1st ed.). London: Routledge. p. 128. ISBN 978-92-3-102812-0. The ruler of the part known as Greater Armenia, Artaxias (Artashes), the founder of a new dynasty, managed to unite the country...
↑ "The World Fact Book – Armenia". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 19 July 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
↑ "World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision". ESA.UN.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 10 September 2017.
↑ "Statistical Service of Armenia" (PDF). Armstat. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
↑ "Armenia Population". countrymeters.info.
↑ ^11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 ^11.3 "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". World Economic Outlook Database, April 2018. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
↑ "Gini index". World Bank. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
↑ Armenia. Dictionary.com Unabridged. 2015.
↑ The Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History. Oxford University Press. 2003. p. 156. ISBN 978-0-19-510507-0.
↑ (Garsoïan, Nina (1997). ed. R.G. Hovannisian (ed.). Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 81, Vol. 1.CS1 maint: extra text: editors list (link))
↑ Stringer, Martin D. (2005). A Sociological History of Christian Worship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 92. ISBN 0-521-81955-5.
↑ Smaller nations that have claimed a prior official adoption of Christianity include Osroene, the Silures, and San Marino. See Timeline of official adoptions of Christianity.
↑ Grousset, René (1947). Histoire de l'Arménie (1984 ed.). Payot. p. 122.. Estimated dates vary from 284 to 314. Garsoïan (op.cit. p. 82), following the research of Ananian, favours the latter.
↑ "Armstat:Provinces, area and population" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
↑ The republic has separation of church and state
↑ "The Constitution of the Republic of Armenia, Article 8.1". President.am. Archived from the original on 20 December 2010. Retrieved 30 December 2010.

Other websites[change | change source]

General information[change | change source]

Azerbaijan International
Heydar Aliyev Foundation
Armenia at the Open Directory Project
"Azerbaijan". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
Azerbaijan Archived 2008-08-20 at the Wayback Machine at University of Colorado at Boulder
Country profile from BBC

Major government resources[change | change source]

Major news media[change | change source]

Tourism[change | change source]

Azerbaijan Tourism Portal Archived 2009-08-16 at the Wayback Machine
Armenia travel guide from Wikivoyage

The Simple English Wiktionary has a definition for: Azerbaijan.

[1] "Constitution of Armenia, Article 20". president.am.

[2] Asatryan, Garnik; Arakelova, Victoria (Yerevan 2002). The Ethnic Minorities in Armenia. Part of the OSCE. Archived copy at WebCite (16 April 2010).

[3] Ministry of Culture of Armenia "The ethnic minorities in Armenia. Brief information" Archived 2017-10-10 at the Wayback Machine. As per the most recent census in 2011. "National minority".

[4] "National Assembly of the Republic of Armenia - Official Web Site - parliament.am". www.parliament.am.

[5] Encyclopedia Americana: Ankara to Azusa. Scholastic Library Publishing. 2005. p. 393. It was named for Artaxias, a general of Antiochus the Great, who founded the kingdom of Armenia about 190 B.C.

[6] Laet, Sigfried J.; Herrmann, Joachim, eds. (1996). History of Humanity: From the seventh century B.C. to the seventh century A.D. (1st ed.). London: Routledge. p. 128. ISBN 978-92-3-102812-0. The ruler of the part known as Greater Armenia, Artaxias (Artashes), the founder of a new dynasty, managed to unite the country...

[cia-fact-7] "The World Fact Book – Armenia". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 19 July 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2010.

[UN_WPP-8] "World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision". ESA.UN.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 10 September 2017.

[Armenia_information-9] "Statistical Service of Armenia" (PDF). Armstat. Retrieved 20 February 2014.

[News.am-10] "Armenia Population". countrymeters.info.

[IMF_GDP-11] 11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 ^11.3 "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". World Economic Outlook Database, April 2018. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 11 January 2019.

[WB1-12] "Gini index". World Bank. Retrieved 11 January 2019.

[13] Armenia. Dictionary.com Unabridged. 2015.

[14] The Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History. Oxford University Press. 2003. p. 156. ISBN 978-0-19-510507-0.

[15] (Garsoïan, Nina (1997). ed. R.G. Hovannisian (ed.). Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 81, Vol. 1.CS1 maint: extra text: editors list (link))

[16] Stringer, Martin D. (2005). A Sociological History of Christian Worship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 92. ISBN 0-521-81955-5.

[17] Smaller nations that have claimed a prior official adoption of Christianity include Osroene, the Silures, and San Marino. See Timeline of official adoptions of Christianity.

[18] Grousset, René (1947). Histoire de l'Arménie (1984 ed.). Payot. p. 122.. Estimated dates vary from 284 to 314. Garsoïan (op.cit. p. 82), following the research of Ananian, favours the latter.

[19] "Armstat:Provinces, area and population" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2014.

[20] The republic has separation of church and state

[21] "The Constitution of the Republic of Armenia, Article 8.1". President.am. Archived from the original on 20 December 2010. Retrieved 30 December 2010.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[6]

[5]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

v t e Countries and territories of Europe
Countries	Albania – Andorra – Austria – Belarus – Belgium – Bosnia and Herzegovina – Bulgaria – Croatia – Republic of Cyprus¹ – Czech Republic – Denmark^2,4 – Estonia – Finland – France⁴ – Georgia¹ – Germany – Greece – Hungary – Iceland – Ireland – Italy – Latvia – Liechtenstein – Lithuania – Luxembourg – Malta – Macedonia – Moldova – Monaco – Montenegro – Netherlands⁴ – Norway⁴ – Poland – Portugal^4,6 – Romania – Russia¹ – San Marino – Serbia – Slovakia – Slovenia – Spain^4,6 – Sweden – Switzerland – Turkey¹ – Ukraine – United Kingdom⁴ – Vatican City
Dependencies	Akrotiri and Dhekelia¹ – Azores⁵ – Ceuta^{5, 6} – Faroe Islands⁵ – Gibraltar⁵ – Greenland^5,2 – Guernsey – Jan Mayen – Jersey – Isle of Man – Melilla^5,6 – Svalbard
Other Countries	Abkhazia^1,3 – Kosovo³ – South Ossetia^{1, 3} – Transnistria – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus^1,3
1. Transcontinental country/territory that is part of both Europe and Asia. 2. Territory or with territory geographically part of North America. 3. Partially recognized. 4. Not all dependent territories are listed. 5. Territory has some form of self-rule. 6. Territory or with territory geographically part of Africa.